Ancient Ceramics and Figures

Ceramic sculptures representing ancient figures and deities. The pieces exhibit artistic craftsmanship and cultural significance from various historical periods.

Nude female figure with earrings in the shape of heads Nude female figure with earrings in the shape of heads, 450-350 BC, Archaeological Museum of Ibiza and Formentera, Ibiza, Spain Copyright: xZoonar.com/Tolox 23005402

Sandstone statue of King Amenhotep I

Limestone male figure early 6th century B.C. Cypriot This figure exemplifies a well-established type that appears in Cypriot sculpture at the end of the seventh century B.C. The men are always under lifesize, beardless, and dressed in a close-fitting tunic, brief loincloth often decorated with rosettes, and headband with rosettes. The example here also wears earrings and bracelets. The identity of these figures is difficult to define precisely, but they are probably young men of high rank in some form of service to a deity. In this piece, the head may not belong to the body, but it is typologically accurate.. Limestone male figure 242031

Ballgame Thin Stone Head (Hacha), 600-900. Mexico, Gulf Coast, Classic Veracruz style (600-1100). Stone, pigment traces; overall: 23.7 x 6.9 x 15.8 cm (9 5/16 x 2 11/16 x 6 1/4 in.). In contrast to other ballgame sculptures on display, it seems unlikely that thin stone heads, known as hachas, are renditions of actual ballgame gear. Their use remains unclear, but the notch at the back of most examples suggests they might have served as architectural ornaments during play or game ceremonies. Also, in a few artistic depictions of game ceremonials, such heads rest upon U-shaped hip protectors, like one nearby.

Ancient Egyptian face, from a coffin lid. Wood. Late Period (715-332 BC).

Seated statue in lotus position with incense bowl, Copan Sculpture Museum, Maya City, Copan, Honduras, Central America

Wisdom. Constantin Brancusi; French, born Romania, 1876-1957. Date: 1903-1913. Dimensions: 22 1/4 × 7 1/4 × 14 1/4 in. (56.5 × 18.4 × 36.3 cm). Limestone. Origin: France. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, Chicago, USA.

Clay cinerary urn, from Chiusi, Siena Province, Italy

Terracotta alabastron (perfume vase) in the form of a woman holding a dove. Culture: East Greek. Dimensions: H. with plinth 10 5/8 in. (27 cm). Date: mid-6th century B.C..Small figural vases found great favor in the East Greek world, but the numer and location of the centers of production remain to be identified. The island of Rhodes seems to have been important. The iconography of figural vases has its own traditions. It also has points of contact with that of other media, notably stone sculpture.The type of young woman holding a bird or other small offering is characteristic of East Greek statuary beginning in the early sixth century B.C. The use of clay allowed the representation to be double-sided. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

South Arabia as a general term refers to several regions as currently recognized, in chief the Republic of Yemen; yet it has historically also included Najran, Jizan, and 'Asir which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and Dhofar presently in Oman. The frontiers of South Arabia as linguistically conceived would include the historic peoples speaking the related South Arabian languages as well as neighboring dialects of Arabic, and their descendants. Anciently there was a South Arabian alphabet, which was borrowed by Ethiopia. South Arabia as generally conceived would include the lands inhabited by peoples partaking of its distinctive traditions and culture, which overlap recently demarcated political boundaries. Yemen or al-yaman means 'the south'. One etymology derives Yemen from yamin the 'right side' as the south is on the right when facing the sunrise; yet this etymology is considered suspect. Another derives Yemen from yumn meaning 'felicity' as the region is fertile; indeed the Romans

Pokrywa urny kanopskiej w kształcie głowy ludzkiej. unknown, author

The Hindu God Vishnu on His Mount Garuda. Indonesia, Central Java, circa 800-850. Sculpture. Copper alloy

Brewer: Ancient Egyptian model. Louvre, Paris

Male Figure, Possibly Indra, 300s-400s. Pakistan, Gandhara, possibly Swat. Schist; overall: 8.4 x 4.2 cm (3 5/16 x 1 5/8 in.).

Figurine of a Mother and Child. Thailand; Si Satchanalai (ancient kilns of Sawankhalok). Date: 1301-1600. Dimensions: 10.5 x 5.3 x 4.5 cm (4 1/8 x 2 1/16 x 1 3/4 in.). Stoneware with gray-green celadon glaze. Origin: Thailand. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, Chicago, USA.

Ancient Art. Mediterranean area. Altar. Relief depicting Medusa. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Denmark.

Seated Figure (Xantil). Culture: Eastern Nahua. Dimensions: H. 13 15/16 x W. 8 1/8 x D. 6 1/8 in. (35.5 x 20.6 x 15.5 cm). Date: 13th-15th century. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Roman statuette of Venus holding a mirror. Terracotta. 2nd century AD. From Thapsus, Tunisia. British Museum. London. England. United Kingdom.

Terracotta statuette of a standing woman with a basket and wreath. Culture: Greek, Boeotian. Dimensions: h. 14 1/8 in. (35.9 cm). Date: late 5th century B.C..Weight on left leg, right knee bent. Left arm supports an open casket with legs, from which a fillet is drawn across the waist by the raised right hand (right hand may never have been fully rendered). Peplos is open down right side; hem of knee-length overfold is drawn up toward left. Head type is characteristic of this group - long wide neck with small face, elaborate wig. This wig has four rows of braid above forehead, with coiled plaits over ears. High, wide polos. High, splaying, trapezoidal base. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Maska sarkofagowa. unknown, author

Shinto Deity as a Seated Courtier. Culture: Japan. Dimensions: H. 18 in. (45.7 cm); W. 8 3/8 in. (21.3 cm); D. 5 in. (12.7 cm). Date: 11th-12th century.This small statue of a seated courtier is a classic example of a Shinto deity (kami) represented in human form. The artist constructed it through the ichiboku-zukuri method, which uses one piece of wood for an entire sculpture. Despite the insect damage throughout (common in Shinto statues from this period), the exposed wood grain--symmetrically centered on the face--gives the work a dramatic effect and strong presence. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

An outstanding pair of effigies shaped from white marble still retain traces of original paint. Etowah Indian Mounds State Historic Site that was inhabited around 1000-1500 A.D. Cartersville, Georgia

Female figurine, 15th century

Aztec Pottery Head, 1300-1521. Artist: Unknown.

Terracotta statuette of a seated woman late 6th-early 5th century B.C. Greek, probably Boeotian Small figurines were made to be presented as votive gifts to a deity. It is not always clear whether they represent a god, a priest or priestess, or a person offering a gift. These rigid figures seated on thrones and wearing elaborate headdresses are probably goddesses. Hundreds of such statues were buried in trenches on the Akropolis after the Persians looted and burned Athens in 480 B.C., and it has been suggested that they represent an early cult statue of Athena.. Terracotta statuette of a seated woman. Greek, probably Boeotian. late 6th-early 5th century B.C.. Terracotta. Archaic. Terracottas

Anthropomorphes Tongefäß mit Penis Anthropomorphes Tongefäß mit Penis Copyright: xZoonar.com/TOLOxBALAGUERx 22682340

Spain, Ibiza, Punic-Phoenician faun mask, terracotta

Gorgoneion Plaque with Incised Figure of a Dancing Satyr, c. 525-475 BC. Greece, South Italy, 6th-5th Century BC. Terracotta; overall: 6.7 x 6.7 cm (2 5/8 x 2 5/8 in.).

Probably Maitreya (Mile), the Buddha of the Future. China, Six Dynasties period, Northern Qi dynasty, 550-577. Sculpture. Carved marble with traces of paint and gilding

Greece, Aegina, Warrior's head

Amenemhat III in costume of a priest. 1842 BC - 1797 BC. Pharaoh's bust covered by the skin of a panther typical of the priests. Egyptian art. Middle Kingdom. Sculpture on rock. EGYPT. CAIRO. Cairo. Egyptian Museum. Proc: EGYPT. AL-FAYYUM. Al-Fayum.

Terracotta head of a young man late 5th century B.C. Greek, South Italian, Tarentine Around his head, the figure wears a flat band and above, a thicker band embellished with a flower and a rosette.. Terracotta head of a young man. Greek, South Italian, Tarentine. late 5th century B.C.. Terracotta. Classical. Terracottas

Ripoll voussoir, 12th century, stone carving, Monastery of Santa María de Ripoll, MNAC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Minerva Tritonia, terracotta statue from the site of Lavinium-Pratica di Mare, Lazio, Italy. Latin Civilization, 5th Century BC.

Jungfrau der Hoffnung Virgin of Hope, polychrome wood carving, Mediterranean Pyrenees, alt emporda, Girona art museum, Girona, Catalonia, Spain Copyright: xZoonar.com/TOLOxBALAGUERx 22283022

Head female terracotta figurine loops Roman hairstyle. Height 6, 7 cm Width 3, 1 cm. (1 st - 3 rd CE ) - Roman period, from " House of Griffins "- Archaeological site of Complutum in Alcalá de Henares ( Madrid ). SPAIN.

Antefix with a woman's face. Etruscan Civilization, 5th Century BC.

Seated figure of Maya, governor and chief of the priests. New Kingdom, dynasty 18 around 1450 BC v limestone.

Cypriot Sculpture. 500-480 BC. Sanctuary of Apollo-Reshef at Phrangissa, Cyprus. British Museum. London. UK.

Terracotta major women in diadem; Unknown Majasian workshop; III-II century BC (-300-00-00--101-00-00);

Chessman (Rook) ca. 1870 Elkington & Co. British. Chessman (Rook) 201577

AncestorFigure

Brhaspati (The Personification of the Planet Jupiter). Culture: India (Bihar, Bengal) or Bangladesh. Dimensions: H. 22 in. (55.9 cm); W. 13 3/4 in. (34.9 cm); D. 5 1/4 in. (13.3 cm). Date: 12th century. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Furniture element: kneeling male figure ca. 18th century B.C. Old Assyrian Trading Colony This fragment belongs to a group of carved ivories, mostly furniture elements, probably found at the site of a palace at Acemhöyük in central Anatolia. Carved in the round, the piece shows a kneeling figure who is missing his head. He wears a long kilt belted at the waist, with traces of gilding remaining on the belt. His bare chest and arms are softly modeled, with a navel defined just above the belt. His feet are visible emerging from his kilt when seen from the back and sides. The figure has attachment holes drilled in its flat base, and likely adorned a piece of furniture. The pink staining of this piece indicates that iron oxides are present on the surface, although it is not known whether this was a deliberate decorative treatment, or a result of contact with the soil in which this and other pieces of carved ivory from Acemhöyük were buried.. Furniture element: kneeling male figure 323583

Funerary monument depicting a chubby child holding an apple. 2nd-3rd centuries. Found in Cologne, Germany.

Statue of the Royal Treasurer Taruru ca. 760-664 B.C. Third Intermediate Period This small-scaled torso is inscribed in the back for a man named Taruru. The slightly forward position of the left thigh indicates that Taruru was represented in the traditional pose for men: striding with the left leg forward. He has one arm along the body and the other bent againt the chest with the hand holding a scribal palette. Remains of the inscription on the back pillar mention his numerous titles related to the institution of the royal treasure. His strong body and slender waist are typical of the 25th Dynasty or Kushite period.. Statue of the Royal Treasurer Taruru. ca. 760-664 B.C.. Quartzite. Third Intermediate Period. From Egypt. Dynasty 25

Vessel in the shape of the God Bes, Egypt, 7th-6th centuries B.C., Egyptian Blue, Miho Museum, designed by I.M. Pei, Shiga Prefecture, Japan

Standing female figurine end of the 6th century B.C. Cypriot The figurine is mold-made, solid, and flat at the back. Her arms and belly were reworked by hand.. Standing female figurine 241124

Horse and rider 4th-3rd century B.C. Cypriot The figurine is handmade and solid, with a mold-made face. The horse's muzzle, part of the forelegs and right hind leg, and the entire left hind leg are missing. The rider wears a cloak over his shoulders; the edges of the cloth are joined by an oval clasp on the chest. A small animal is tucked under his left arm and over his hip.. Horse and rider 241338

Buddha Enthroned on a Serpent (Naga). Cambodia/Thailand. Date: 1201-1300. Dimensions: 84.5 × 42 × 26.7 cm (33 1/4 × 16 1/2 × 10 1/2 in.). Sandstone. Origin: Cambodia. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, Chicago, USA.

Terracotta fragment of the upper body of a woman. Culture: Greek, South Italian, Tarentine. Dimensions: H. 6 3/8 in. (16.2 cm). Date: 4th century B.C..This is a fine fragment of a type that shows a standing full-length figure, her garment coming to a V at the neck, her hair bound in a broad fillet that falls to her shoulders, and her ears embellished with large earrings. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Column Capital in the form of a Bes-image 332-30 B.C. Ptolemaic Period This large head unmistakably depicts the god known as Bes, or, more accurately, what is known as a "Bes-image," since Bes's appearance was sometimes adopted for other gods, and there is no name preserved on the statue. From the Kushite Period onward, images of Bes appeared on architectural support elements such as abaci, column shafts, or, rarely, large two-sided pillars. These architectural images are especially associated with mammisis, or temples celebrating the birth of a child-god; it is thought that this is related to the long association of the deity with domestic concerns and fertility. Such Bes figures are typically frontal and carved in high relief, but the depth of this figure against an abacus or shaft surface, if that is actually its origin, would have been quite unusual.Another possibility is that the head originally belonged to a freestanding statue. A 1-meter-tall statue of Bes was found in a chapel

Phoenician female figure, Archaeological Museum of Ibiza and Formentera, Ibiza, Spain.

Mayan ceramic censer from Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Post classic (1250-1550 AD).

Three Thousand Year Old Bronze Mask Statue Sanxingdui Three Star Mound Museum Guanghan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The statues have been carbon dated to the 11th-12th Century BCE.

Female Fertility Figurine. Egypt, Second Intermediate Period (1640 - 1532 BCE). Sculpture. Ceramic

Pre-Columbian art: Warrior figurine from Vera Cruz, Mexico, AD 400-600. Pottery figure with enlarged head.

Romanesque capital with two beasts devouring a woman, 12th century, Girona art museum, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

ESTATUILLA ANTROPOMORFA EN TERRACOTA 800 A 5 DC. Location: PRIVATE COLLECTION. QUITO. ECUADOR.

Statuette of a Mime. Unknown 1st century B.C.-1st century A.D.

Dama de Ibiza, cerámica Púnica, Museo Arqueológico, Barcelona, España. Museum: MUSEO ARQUEOLOGICO DE BARCELONA, Barcelona, SPAIN.

Krishna, The Butter Thief. India, Tamil Nadu, 16th century. Sculpture. Copper alloy

CABEZA DE GRANITO CON CORONA (XVIII DINASTIA). PROCEDE DEL TEMPLO DE AMON EN KARNAK. 37 CMS ALTURA. Location: EGYPTIAN MUSEUM. KAIRO. EGYPT.

Pre-Columbian Wooden statue in Museo de Arte Precolombino, Cuzco, Peru

Palma with Figure 7th-10th century Veracruz Palmas, named for their palm frond shape, were one element of the elaborate regalia worn by Mesoamerican ballplayers. Resting atop the yoke worn around the players hips, they extended up the middle of the ballplayer's chest to protect major organs from the impact of the hard rubber ball used in the game. While hachas are more widely distributed in Mesoamerica, palmas appear to have been a Veracruz innovation. Ballplayers wearing palmas are depicted on the relief sculptures of El Tajín, the largest city in classic-period Veracruz.In sculpting this palma, the artist has combined low and high relief to depict a human figure surrounded and overlapped by a pattern of scrolls. These are loosely drawn, breaking with the regularity usually found in the sculpted or drawn double-edges scrolls common in Classic Veracruz art and may represent blood or vines (see also MMA 1979.206.423). They swirl around the central figure, whose legs and arms appear to

Kala Head. Indonesia, Eastern Java, 13th century. Sculpture. Terracotta

Head of the lion goddess Sekhmet. The reign of Amenophis III. 18 th dynasty18, (1.400-1365 BC.) Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen, Denmark.

ARTE PRECOLOMBINO. COLOMBIA. FIGURA SEDENTE. CULTURA TUMACO.

Architectural Panel with a Flying Celestial (Kinnara). India, Uttar Pradesh, 5th century. Architecture; Architectural Elements. Terracotta

Springerle cookie (Father Christmas)

Pectoral with Christ and the Lamb of God and the Symbols of the Four Evangelists. Culture: British or North French. Dimensions: Overall: 5 7/8 x 2 1/2 x 1 3/8 in. (14.9 x 6.3 x 3.5 cm)width with iron pins: 2 11/16 in. (6.9 cm). Date: 1000-1050.This imposing ivory originally formed the central part of a large cross (the arms are now missing) intended to be suspended from the neck. The strong sculptural forms and animated drapery relate closely to both Anglo-Saxon drawings and illuminated manuscripts. The pairing of Christ in Majesty with the Lamb of God on the reverse reflects contemporary interest in apocalyptic imagery, familiar from the Book of Revelation. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Statue of Gudea ca. 2090 B.C. Neo-Sumerian The Akkadian Empire collapsed after two centuries of rule, and during the succeeding fifty years, local kings ruled independent city-states in southern Mesopotamia. The city-state of Lagash produced a remarkable number of statues of its kings as well as Sumerian literary hymns and prayers under the rule of Gudea (ca. 2150-2125 B.C.) and his son Ur-Ningirsu (ca. 2125-2100 B.C.). Unlike the art of the Akkadian period, which was characterized by dynamic naturalism, the works produced by this Neo-Sumerian culture are pervaded by a sense of pious reserve and serenity.This sculpture belongs to a series of diorite statues commissioned by Gudea, who devoted his energies to rebuilding the great temples of Lagash and installing statues of himself in them. Many inscribed with his name and divine dedications survive. Here, Gudea is depicted in the seated pose of a ruler before his subjects, his hands folded in a traditional gesture of greeting and prayer.

Mingqi musician. Terracotta with traces of polychromy. China, suis dynasty. Paris, Cernuschi museum. Chinese art, China, sui dynasty, rope instrument, mingqi, musician, funeral statuette, terracotta, polychromy trace

Head of a female figure. Culture: Assyrian. Dimensions: 1.97 x 1.22 in. (5 x 3.1 cm). Date: ca. 8th-7th century B.C..This female head, carved in the round, was found in the Burnt Palace at Nimrud and may have originally been part of a composite statuette made of various materials and overlaid with gold foil. A square mortise cut into the bottom of this piece suggests that a tenon would have secured it to a now lost body. Part of the head has been damaged, but several features that remain, including the large, originally inlaid eyes, prominent ears, hooked nose, small mouth, and receding chin, are characteristic of North Syrian ivories. The hair falls in long individual locks, crowned by a diadem of rosettes and inlaid discs (the original colored glass or semiprecious stone inlays are now lost) tied at the back of the head. The choker-style necklace with pendants worn by this female figure is similar in form to those worn by the female figures depicted on an ivory handle also found in

Figure of a Seated Leader 300 CE-600 CE Remojadas. This naturalistic figure ranks among the finest works of the Remojadas sculptural tradition. The artist modeled the face of a youthful chieftain as an idealized type, yet there is also a sense of individual portraiture. Sitting cross-legged, with arms extended to the knees, the young rulerís body conveys tension. He is elegantly dressed with an elaborate turban, belt, and skirt. The jewelry adorning his wrists and neck represents flowers, while the embroidery of the belt likely signals his rank and status.Sophisticated clay technology was used to create this masterpiece. The head and neck were modeled separately and fitted into the top of the body, with soft clay added to smooth and strengthen the seam. The arms and legs were made of hollow tubes, while the flowers and belt ornaments were prepared from small bits of clay pressed to the moist surface. After the assembled figure completely dried, it was fired. The naturalistic rendition

Marble fragment of a fountain with lion's head. Culture: Roman. Dimensions: H. 3 7/16 in. (8.7 cm.)L. 10 5/8 in. (27 cm.)W. 5 1/4 in.. Date: 1st-2nd century A.D..Fountain fragment with lion's head. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Bust of a Female Deity (Devi) 901 CE-1100 Cambodia. Sandstone .

Standing Indra. Culture: India (Uttar Pradesh, Mathura or Ahicchatra). Dimensions: a): Head: H. 3 3/4 in. (9.4 cm); b): Body (lower waist down): H. 11 3/8 in. (28.9 cm). Date: ca. 2nd century."Indra, King of the Gods," inscribed on the pedestal, identifies this figure, but he is also recognizable by the decorated crown and the third eye engraved on his forehead. The Vedic god Indra was incorporated into Buddhism in various ways: as one who witnesses the birth of the Buddha, as an attendant and protector of the Buddha, and as the ruler of the Trayastrimsha heaven. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Figure, c. 800-1100, 5 3/8 x 4 1/16 x 3 5/16 in. (13.7 x 10.3 x 8.4 cm), Clay, pigments, Mexico, 9th-12th century, This small figure represents a warrior, recognizable by his conical hat and decorative collar. The hat's bumpy surface shows his connection to reptiles and their abilities. The warrior is depicted at rest, crouching with hands resting on his knees. His left foot is firmly placed on the ground, however, suggesting readiness to move and act at a moment's notice.

Cambodia: A 9th century Preah Ko style sandstone statue of the Hindu god Shiva, originally from Angkor, now in the National Museum of Cambodia, Phnom Penh. The National Museum, housed in a red pavilion built in 1918, holds a collection of Khmer art including some of the finest pieces in existence. Exhibits include a 6th century statue of Vishnu, a 9th century statue of Shiva, and the famous sculpted head of Jayavarman VII in meditative pose. Particularly impressive is a damaged bust of a reclining Vishnu which was once part of a massive bronze statue found at the Western Mebon Temple in Angkor.

ESTATUILLA FEMENINA DE TERRACOTA (ESTILO PUNICO EBUSTIANO). DEPOSITO: MUSEO PUIG DES MOLINS.

Fragments of a marble statue of Dionysus, found in the Attic deme of Ikaria. The statue is colossal in scale and must have been a cult statue of the god. The head was recently associated with the body. It is uncertain whether the right hand with the kantharos belongs to the statue. About 520-510 BC.

Limestone statuette of a temple boy ca. 350-300 B.C. Cypriot He sits on an elliptical plinth. His left foot is also stretched downwards and holds a bird, whose head is missing. He wears a short sleeved chiton that reaches his ankles. Thick bands are painted on his sides and legs. His necklace is painted red and contains a triandular pendant that rests on his chest. He wears a wreath around his head. His curly hair is grooved and painted red. Listen to experts illuminate this artwork's story Listen Play or pause #1111. Statuette of a temple boy Supported by Bloomberg Philanthropies We're sorry, the transcript for this audio track is not available at this time. We are working to make it available as soon as possible.. Limestone statuette of a temple boy 242311

Lawolo' a masculine protective statue, used to scare an enemy from Nias, Indonesia. 19th century calcified stone

Head of Male Deity, possibly Aiyanar, first half of the 600s. Central Thailand, Phetchabun province, possibly Si Thep. Sandstone; overall: 26.1 cm (10 1/4 in.).

Mercury, terracotta statue, Veneto, Italy. Paleoveneti Civilization.

Head of a woman. 2nd century AD. From Roumyantsevo, Lovech region, Bulgaria. National Archaeological Museum. Sofia. Bulgaria.

Figura femenina (Cuchimilco). Cerámica pintada. Cultura Chancay, Período Intermedio Tardío (1150-1450 d. C.). Perú. Museo de América. Madrid. España.

Antefix with Woman's Head. Unknown

Head of a Male Shinto Deity, 900s. Japan, Heian period (794-1185). Wood with lacquer; overall: 51.2 cm (20 3/16 in.).

Limestone bearded head with a Corinthian helmet. Culture: Cypriot. Dimensions: Overall: 12 5/16 × 6 1/2 × 8 3/4 in. (31.3 × 16.5 × 22.2 cm). Date: early 5th century B.C.. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Majapahit was a vast island-based empire centred on the island of Java (modern-day Indonesia) from 1293 to around 1500. Majapahit reached its peak of glory during the era of Hayam Wuruk, whose reign from 1350 to 1389 marked by conquest which extended through Southeast Asia. His achievement is also credited to his prime minister, Gajah Mada. According to the Nagarakretagama (Desawarñana) written in 1365, Majapahit was an empire of 98 tributaries, stretching from Sumatra to New Guinea; consisting of present day Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, southern Thailand, Sulu Archipelago, Manila, and East Timor, although the true nature of the Majapahit sphere of influence is still the subject of study among historians. Majapahit was one of the last major empires of the region and is considered to be one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the history of Indonesia and Southeast Asia, one that is sometimes seen as the precedent for Indonesia's modern boundaries.

One -sided gingerbread form with the image of a bachelor; XVIII-XIX century (1701-00-00-1900-00-00);

Anthropomorphic figure of a man seated with nose ring. Quimbaya art. Ceramics. COLOMBIA. CUNDINAMARCA. Bogot. Gold Museum.

Warrior's Head. Unknown

Head of a Bodhisattva. Afghanistan or Pakistan, Gandhara region, 4th-5th century. Sculpture. Stucco with traces of paint

Lower Mesopotamia, Iraq, Male figure with inlaid conchs from Ur, protodynastic period, 2nd phase

Medusa head of an ancient statue Medusa head of an ancient statue isolated on a black background Copyright: xZoonar.com/JuergenxSchonnopx 2627165

Head of a statuette of Osiris. unknown, author

Standing Figure

fine arts, Africa, Benin, sculpture, dignitary, bronze, classical period, 17th century, Museum od Ethnology, Vienna,

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