Botanical Illustrations of Plants

Artistic representations of plants, including unique species and detailed studies, highlighting botanical diversity and historical significance.

Elements, of, the, science, of, botany, London, Printed, by, T. Bensley, for J. Murray, 1812, plants, classification, pictorial, works, A botanical illustration showcasing the Horned Pond-Weed, scientifically known as Zannichellia palustris. The artwork features slender, elongated leaves that exhibit a feathery appearance, emanating from a central stem. Small, distinctive flowers and aquatic plant features are depicted, enhancing the understanding of this species' habitat. The illustration is organized with clear labeling, categorizing the plant within its taxonomic classification, Class XI, Order 1, highlighting its significance in aquatic environments.

Curtis's Botanical Magazine London New York Botanical Illustration Botany Periodicals Pictorial Works Plants Ornamental Curtis, A detailed botanical illustration showcasing a branch of a coniferous plant, characterized by its needle-like, evergreen leaves arranged in whorls. The branch displays clusters of small, decorative cones at the tips, signifying the reproductive structures of the plant. Surrounding the main illustration are several smaller detailed sketches of various parts of the plant, including close-ups of cones, flowers, and seeds, each labeled to provide clarity on their anatomical features. The artwork reflects an appreciation for natural detail and scientific study, typical of botanical illustrations from earlier centuries.

Ginger, Zingiber officinale. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Bozza, illustration drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Field book of western wild flowers, New York, 1915, identification, West US, wildflowers, Margaret Neilson Armstrong, Margaret Neilson Armstrong, women in science, The illustration showcases two species of wild onions, identified as Allium bisceptrum and Allium serratum. Each plant is depicted with its distinct features: Allium bisceptrum is represented with elongated, slender leaves and a cluster of small, star-shaped flowers at the top, while Allium serratum displays a rounder flower head and a slightly different leaf structure. Both species highlight the unique characteristics of wild onions, providing a botanical comparison between them, including their names prominently labeled beneath each plant.

Illustration from the French, botanical book, 'Botanique. By EMMANUEL LE MAOUT, 1852

Curtis's Botanical Magazine, London, New York, botanical illustration, botany, periodicals, pictorial works, plants ornamental, Matilda Smith, Maxillaria houtteana, Venezuela, Guatemala, women in science, Matilda Smith, This artwork features a scientifically detailed illustration of an orchid species. The focal point showcases clusters of striking orchids with vibrant yellow and red patterns on their petals, surrounded by elongated green leaves that highlight the plant's lushness. Accompanying the main plant are smaller diagrams, including various floral structures that provide insight into the anatomy of the orchid, emphasizing its unique characteristics. The detailed study includes annotations and labels that enhance the educational aspect, offering a glimpse into the botanical beauty and complexity of these exquisite flowers.

Botanical and zoological illustration by F. E. Guérin. From Dictionnaire pittoresque d'histoire naturelle et des phénomènes de la nature - 1833/1834

Le Pois Chiche.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

La Fumeterre bulbeuse.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Zoological, lectures, delivered, at, the, Royal, Institution, London, Kearsley, 1809, zoology, The illustration features a finely detailed botanical depiction of *Vorticella racemosa*, showcasing its delicate structure. The specimen is rendered in a naturalistic style, highlighting the intricate branching and cellular forms typical of this species. Each element is carefully labeled, including a note indicating that the drawing represents both the natural size and a highly magnified view. The composition emphasizes the elegance of the organism, with elongated stems and bell-shaped bodies, illustrating the beauty of microscopic life. The overall presentation combines scientific accuracy with artistic finesse, inviting viewers to appreciate the complexity of this fascinating organism.

Nouvelles contributions à la flore mesozoique Lisbonne Direction des travaux geologiques du Portugal Impr. de l'Academie royale des sciences 1894 Mesozoic Paleobotany Portugal, This illustration showcases a botanical study of fossilized flora from Portugal, specifically from the Nazareth region. It features a series of carefully labeled outlines representing various plant parts, including stems, leaves, and other vegetative structures. Each element is numbered and accompanied by a detailed reference, suggesting a systematic classification intended for scientific examination. The arrangement highlights the intricacies of plant anatomy and offers insight into the prehistoric vegetation of the region. The work reflects a meticulous approach to paleobotany, emphasizing both form and diversity in ancient plant life.

Bristly sea-pen, Pennatula rubra 1, and membranous melobesia, Melobesia membranacea 2, a small marine alga that grows on the surface of other algae. (Pennatula setacea, Corallina membranacea.) Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Carl Bertuch's Bilderbuch fur Kinder (Picture Book for Children), Weimar, 1810. A 12-volume encyclopedia for children illustrated with almost 1,200 engraved plates on natural history, science, costume, mythology, etc., published from 1790-1830.

1. Ferocactus townsendianus, 2. Ferocactus wislizeni, 3. Ferocactus diguetii, , Kaktus, Kakteen, aus The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations, N.L. Britton and J.N. Rose, 1919-1923, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 20. Jahrhundert, genaues Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

Scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis), historical illustration from 1885, Germany, Europe

Nova Genera et Species Plantarum Antverpiae Ex officina Christophori Plantini 1576 botany classification pictorial works plants scientific expeditions South America, A botanical illustration featuring the detailed depiction of a Maura stilbuli plant. The central focus is a slender branch adorned with elongated leaves and clusters of small, round berries. Below the main illustration, a series of smaller drawings showcases various parts of the plant, including flowers and fruit in different stages. Each component is labeled with letters for reference, providing a comprehensive look at the plant's morphology. The overall composition highlights the intricate details and natural forms that characterize the Maura stilbuli.

Bugulina avicularia (Flustra avicularis). Handcoloured copperplate engraving by James Sowerby from The British Miscellany, or Coloured figures of new, rare, or little known animal subjects, London, 1804.

Nemcia pyramidalis (Pyramidal gastrolobe, Gastrolobium pyramidale). Handcoloured copperplate engraving from John Lindley and Robert Sweet's Ornamental Flower Garden and Shrubbery, G. Willis, London, 1854.

Dark-purple-eyed sunflower. Helianthus atrorubens. Illustration by John Curtis (the entomologist), engraved by Weddell. Handcolored copperplate engraving from Samuel Curtis's "The Curtis Botanical Magazine" 1826.. Samuel Curtis, cousin and son-in-law to William Curtis, took over the Botanical Magazine in 1826. Samuel re-named it "The Curtis Botanical Magazine" and enlisted the help of William Jackson Hooker, Professor of Botany at Glasgow University. Samuel Curtis' daughters drew the illustrations for the magazine.

Cucumis Metuliferus, Luigi Balugani, 1737-1770, Italian, undated, Graphite on medium, slightly textured, cream laid paper, Sheet: 11 7/8 × 7 7/8 inches (30.2 × 20 cm), climbing, cucumbers, roots

Rugose squat lobster or plated lobster, Munida rugosa. Illustration unsigned (George Shaw and Frederick Nodder). Handcolored copperplate engraving from George Shaw and Frederick Nodder's "The Naturalist's Miscellany" 1796.. Frederick Polydore Nodder (1751~1801) was a gifted natural history artist and engraver. Nodder honed his draftsmanship working on Captain Cook and Joseph Banks' Florilegium and engraving Sydney Parkinson's sketches of Australian plants. He was made "botanic painter to her majesty" Queen Charlotte in 1785. Nodder also drew the botanical studies in Thomas Martyn's Flora Rustica (1792) and 38 Plates (1799). Most of the 1,064 illustrations of animals, birds, insects, crustaceans, fishes, marine life and microscopic creatures for the Naturalist's Miscellany were drawn, engraved and published by Frederick Nodder's family. Frederick himself drew and engraved many of the copperplates until his death. His wife Elizabeth is credited as publisher on the volumes after 1801. Th

Asparagus, Asparagus officinalis. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration by J. G. Pretre, engraved by Giare, directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Jean Gabriel Pretre (1780~1845) was painter of natural history at Empress Josephine's zoo and later became artist to the Museum of Natural History. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Robert "Variae ac...", 1660; engraving

L'Angelique.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, walter hood fitch, william archer, Caladenia clavigera, taxonomy, binomial, Caladenia dilatata, A botanical illustration displaying two distinct species of orchids: Caladenia daviesiana and Caladenia dilatata. The artwork features detailed depictions of the flower structures, including the intricate shapes of the blossoms and unique characteristics of their leaves. Each section highlights various angles and components of the flowers, showcasing their delicate forms, textures, and reproductive parts. The annotations accompanying the illustrations provide the scientific names, contributing to the study and identification of these fascinating plants.

Mithridate mustard. Miller, Joseph, 1668 or 1669-1748. Botanical illustrations, Prints. 1739. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Botany, Botany, Medical

1,2. Harrisia fragrans, 3. Harrisia martinii, Kaktus, Kakteen, aus The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations, N.L. Britton and J.N. Rose, 1919-1923, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 20. Jahrhundert, genaues Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

Histoire particulière des plantes Orchidees recueillies sur les trois iles australes d'Afrique, de France, de Bourbon et de Madagascar, Paris, L'auteur, 1822, Orchidaceae, This illustration features detailed botanical drawings of various orchid species. The central plant showcases slender stems with characteristic leaves and flowers, including a close-up view of the floral structure. Surrounding the main depiction are labeled sketches highlighting different anatomical aspects of the orchids, such as the root system, flower components, and reproductive structures. The drawings emphasize the intricate details of the orchids, illustrating their potential variations and unique features in a scientific style. The entire arrangement serves as a comprehensive study of orchid morphology.

Hyssop loosestrife, Lythrum hyssopifolia. Handcoloured botanical drawn and engraved by Pierre Bulliard from his own "Flora Parisiensis," 1776, Paris, P. F. Didot. Pierre Bulliard (1752-1793) was a famous French botanist who pioneered the three-colour-plate printing technique. His introduction to the flowers of Paris included 640 plants.

Aloe vera 1, with flower and leaf, and asafoetida 2, Ferula assafoetida, with flower, leaf, root rhizome and seed. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Bertuch's "Bilderbuch fur Kinder" (Picture Book for Children), Weimar, 1798. Friedrich Johann Bertuch (1747-1822) was a German publisher and man of arts most famous for his 12-volume encyclopedia for children illustrated with 1,200 engraved plates on natural history, science, costume, mythology, etc., published from 1790-1830.

19th century botanical colour print. Botanical illustration. Form, colour, and details of the plant as an art piece. From the Liszt Masterpieces of Botanical Illustration Collection.

Nova genera et species plantarum Antverpiae Ex officina Christophori Plantini 1576. botany, classification, pictorial works, plants, scientific expeditions, south america., The illustration features a delicate botanical study of a flowering plant, showcasing its slender, twisting branches adorned with intricate leaves and small blooms. Detailed depictions of the flowers at different stages are included, highlighting their unique shapes and structures. In the lower section, additional anatomical sketches provide insight into the reproductive parts of the plant, emphasizing the fine artistry and precision of the botanical representation. The overall composition reflects the elegance of nature, capturing both the complexity and beauty of the species.

Deeringia amaranthoides (Lamarck) Merrill, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Common juniper, Juniperus communis. Ginepro comune. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Nasi, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, cladium, tetraquetrum, baumea, tetragona, walter, hood, fitch, This illustration features Cladium tetraquetrum, commonly known as the sawgrass or black bulrush. The detailed depiction showcases the plant's distinctive features, including long, slender green stems that rise tall, accompanied by clusters of flowering heads at the top. The flowering portion displays elongated yellow anthers, highlighting the reproductive structures. In addition, one section of the illustration includes a cross-section of the plant, providing insight into its anatomy, along with a bulbous root structure at the bottom. The overall composition emphasizes the botanical intricacies of this wetland species.

Gethyllis afra L., Gethyllis afra L (Kukukmakranka), draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon, Oct-1777 - Mar-1786, paper, brush, h 660 mm × w 480 mm, h 245 mm × w 139 mm

The medlar tree, 1739, by Elizabeth Blackwell. Additional, Mespilus. Published in London by J. Norse. The engraving features plants and herbs. 24 x 36 cm

Goat's-rue. Galega or ruta capraria.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Catha crenata.. Du Petit-Thouars, Abel Aubert (1793-1864). Prints, Illustrations. 1840 - 1864. General Research Division. Scientific expeditions, Botany

James Heath, 1757-1834, British, Ergett Dimmo 1789, 1789. Hand colored engraving.

An engraving depicting MANDRAKE. From Francois Rozier Course Complete d'Agriculture, Paris, 1793. A mandrake is the root of a plant, historically derived either from plants of the genus Mandragora found in the Mediterranean region, or from other species, such as Byronia alba, the English mandrake, which have similar properties. Because mandrakes contain deliriant hallucinogenic tropane alkaloids and the shape of their roots often resembles human figures, they have been associated with a variety of superstitious practices throughout history.

Fragrant orchid (Gymnadenia conopsea), medicinal plant, crop plant, chromolithography, about 1870

Olearia insignia, plant native to New Zealand. Hand-coloured botanical illustration drawn by Matilda Smith and lithographed by J.N. Fitch from Joseph Dalton Hooker's "Curtis's Botanical Magazine," 1889, L. Reeve & Co. A second-cousin and pupil of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, Matilda Smith (1854-1926) was the main artist for the Botanical Magazine from 1887 until 1920 and contributed 2,300 illustrations.

Early Star-of-Bethlehem, Gagea bohemica. Handcoloured lithograph from Diederich von Schlechtendal's German Flora (Flora von Deutschland), Jena, 1871.

Arachnanthe clarkei, striped orchid of the eastern Himalayas. Hand-coloured botanical illustration drawn by Matilda Smith and lithographed by E. Bates from Joseph Dalton Hooker's "Curtis's Botanical Magazine," 1889, L. Reeve & Co. A second-cousin and pupil of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, Matilda Smith (1854-1926) was the main artist for the Botanical Magazine from 1887 until 1920 and contributed 2,300 illustrations.

Braid fern, Platyzoma microphyllum, native to Australia. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Stanghi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Murray's neogardneria orchid, Neogardneria murrayana (Mr. Murray's zygopetalum, Zygopetalum murrayanum). Handcoloured copperplate engraving after a botanical illustration by Walter Fitch from William Jackson Hooker's Botanical Magazine, London, 1839.

Artichoke. Miller, Joseph, 1668 or 1669-1748. Botanical illustrations, Prints. 1739. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Botany, Botany, Medical

Sanguinaria or nevadilla, Paronychia argentea. Illecebrum paronychia, Illecebro paronichia. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Stanghi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

English Botany Coloured Figures of British Plants London R. Hardwicke 1863-1886 Great Britain Pictorial Works Plants, The illustration features a detailed botanical study of the plant Polygonum hydropiper, commonly known as water pepper. It showcases the plant's slender green stem adorned with clusters of small red flowers at the top. Below the stem, the roots are depicted, highlighting their structure. Accompanying the main illustration are two leaf shapes illustrated at the bottom, indicating the variations in leaf morphology. The scientific name and the year of publication are also noted, emphasizing its classification and historical context.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Cotula Alpina, Leptinella Filicula, This illustration features detailed botanical studies of two plant species. The upper section showcases *A. Cotula alpina*, with labeled anatomical features including flower structures and leaves. The lower section depicts *B. Leptinella filicula*, highlighting its distinct foliage and reproductive components. Each part is meticulously illustrated, emphasizing the intricacies of their forms and structures, with a clear focus on both the flowers and leaves that characterize each species. The layout allows for a comparative examination, displaying the unique characteristics of these plants side by side for educational purposes.

Jacobi Petiveri Opera, historiam naturalem spectantia 1767. natural history, pictorial works, pre-Linnean works, shells, plants, insects, spiders, birds, lizards, The illustration features an array of botanical specimens, showcasing various plant forms. At the top left, an elongated leaf structure is depicted alongside a bulbous floral design. Centered in the composition is a detailed rendering of a leafy stem with a prominent flower, while the lower section presents several root structures and smaller flowering plants. Each plant is numbered for reference, highlighting their unique attributes and classifications. The overall arrangement emphasizes the diversity of plant life, underscoring the intricate details of their forms and textures.

Le Mays.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Orbea variegata (Variegated stapelia, Stapelia variegata). Handcolured copperplate engraving and botanical illustration by James Sowerby from William Curtis' The Botanical Magazine, Lambeth Marsh, London, 1787.

Medicinal plant, Cetraria islandica, Icelandic moss, Irish moss, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original

Sea worm, Amphitrite ventilabrum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by James Sowerby from The British Miscellany, or Coloured figures of new, rare, or little known animal subjects, London, 1804.

Water clover (Marsilea macropus): leafy stem with details of the sporocarp and embryonic plant. Coloured lithograph by W. Fitch, c. 1863, after himself, after Nanstein.

Field book of western wild flowers, New York, 1915, identification, west US, wildflowers, Margaret Neilson Armstrong, Margaret Neilson Armstrong, Lesquerella purpurea, Rose bladderpod, taxonomy: family = Brassicaceae, white bladderpod, Women in Science., The illustration depicts a delicate plant known as the White Bladder-pod (Lesquerella purpurea). The slender stem rises vertically, adorned with small, rounded leaves that grow alternately along its length. At the top, clusters of tiny flowers bloom, characterized by their simple, five-petaled structure. The flowers feature an arrangement that highlights their natural symmetry. The detailed rendering includes annotations at the base, labeling both the common and scientific names of the plant, showcasing its botanical significance. The overall composition emphasizes the elegant form and unique features of this floral species.

Elements of Botany London Printed for the author by J. Whiting 1812 botany flowers stems leaves bulbs roots, A botanical illustration showcasing the Primula vulgaris, commonly known as the primrose. The composition features detailed depictions of various parts of the flower, including: 1. **Calyx** - The outer part of the flower, depicted at the top left. 2. **Corolla** - The petals of the flower, illustrated next to the calyx. 3. **Receptacle** - The surface on which the flower parts are attached, located below the corolla. 4. **Pistil** - The female reproductive part, displayed beneath the receptacle. 5. **Stamen** - The male reproductive part of the flower, shown in detail as part of the floral anatomy

Le Règne végétal, Paris, L. Guérin, 1870-72, biobibliography, botany, pictorial works, plants, A collection of botanical illustrations depicting various plant species. The artwork features a series of detailed drawings showcasing the unique characteristics of each flower, including their shapes, sizes, and structures. The flowers are arranged in a grid format, with each specimen numbered for identification. The diversity in form is evident, with some flowers exhibiting delicate petals and intricate designs, while others showcase more robust features. This illustration serves as a scientific representation of floral diversity, contributing to the study of botany and plant taxonomy.

Corolla examples: deadly nightshade Atropa belladonna, thorn apple Datura stramonium, periwinkle Vinca major and wallflower Erysimum cheiri. Handcoloured copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration by Sydenham Edwards for William Curtis's "Lectures on Botany, as delivered in the Botanic Garden at Lambeth," 1805. Edwards (1768-1819) was the artist of thousands of botanical plates for Curtis' "Botanical Magazine" and his own "Botanical Register.".

Stenomesson pauciflorum. Native to western South America, introduced from Peru by Scottish plant collector James Cowan. Few-flowered chrysiphiala, Chrysiphiala pauciflora. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Joseph Swan after a botanical illustration by John Lindlery from William Jackson Hooker's Exotic Flora, William Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1823-27.

Les figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en medecine, Paris, Desprez, 1764-1765, materia medica, pictorial works, medicinal plants, grossularia spinosa, grossularia ribes dicta, The illustration features a botanical study of various species of currants and gooseberries. At the top left, clusters of blackcurrants hang from a vine, surrounded by detailed foliage. To the right, a depiction of redcurrants showcases their distinctive bright berries nestled among variegated leaves. Below, the illustration displays a branch of gooseberries, with both blossoms and fruit prominently featured. The intricate linework emphasizes the texture of the leaves and the form of the berries, providing a clear representation of these fruiting plants. Each section is labeled with corresponding letters for identification, contributing to the educational and scientific nature of the piece.

Le Polypode.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

The naturalist's miscellany, or Coloured figures of natural objects. London, Printed for Nodder & Co, 1789-1813. animals, pictorial works, museums, Victoria, George Shaw, A beautifully illustrated depiction of a coral structure, showcasing intricate branching formations. The coral features numerous small polyp openings, highlighting the texture and complexity of its anatomy. The design is set against a soft blue base, suggesting its natural aquatic environment. This representation emphasizes the delicate and vibrant nature of marine life, capturing the essence of an underwater ecosystem. The attention to detail reflects both scientific accuracy and artistic interpretation, appreciating the beauty of oceanic organisms.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Olearia phlogopappa, Eurybia gunniana, The illustration showcases the plant Eurybia gunniana, presenting its floral structure and various features. At the center, several stems adorned with clusters of small, daisy-like white flowers are depicted, highlighting the intricate details of the blossoms. Surrounding the floral depiction are labeled sketches of different plant parts, including leaves and the flower's reproductive components. Each element is meticulously drawn to emphasize the plant's characteristics, making it a valuable reference for botanical studies. The arrangement reflects a scientific approach to plant illustration, blending aesthetic accuracy with educational detail.

Wild carrot, Daucus carota. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlström & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik" (1802-1843).

A plant (Matthiola sinuata) with an associated beetle and its anatomical segments. Coloured etching, c. 1831.

Botanical Print by Walter Hood Fitch 1817 - 1892, W.H. Fitch was an botanical illustrator and artist, born in Glasgow, Scotland, UK, colour lithograph. From the Liszt Masterpieces of Botanical Illustration Collection.

Sarsaparilla, Smilax aristolochiifolia (Smilax medica). Handcoloured lithograph by Charlotte Caroline Sowerby from Edward Hamilton's Flora Homeopathica, Bailliere, London, 1852.

Southern Wood-Rush (Luzula forsteri), medicinal plant, useful plant, chromolithograph, 1876

Orbea verrucosa (Masson) L.C. Leach.(SHirsute stapelia). Draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon. Dating: Oct-1777 - Mar-1786. Measurements: h 660 mm × w 480 mm; h 276 mm × w 432 mm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

L'Orge.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Thirty five determinate plant leaves of different forms. Coloured etching by J. Pass, c. 1799.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, William Mitten, Lepidozia procera, nzspecies, New Zealand, Polyotus brachycladus, Lepidolaena berggrenii, Lejeunea gunniana, Lejeunea drummondii, Lejeunea lyratifolia, Diplasiolejeunea plicatiloba, Frullania proboscidiphora, fungi, A series of detailed botanical illustrations showcasing various plant species. The layout presents a variety of flora, each labeled with its scientific name. The first row features elongated, intricate structures resembling ferns, while the second row includes more compact forms with notable textures and shapes. The illustrations emphasize the unique characteristics of each species, including leaf patterns and reproductive structures, showcasing the diversity of plant life in a visually engaging manner.

Pilz, Pilze, Dottergelber Spateling, Gelber Spatelpilz, Spathularia clavata, authentische Reproduktion einer Illustration von Hans Walty 1868-1948 ungefähr aus dem Jahre 1915, historisch

La Quinte-feille.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Windmills, Allionia incarnata. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Corsi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

L'Eufraise.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Thera coniferata, Thera cognata, Durham Juniper Moth, and juniper tree, Juniperus communis. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by John Curtis for his own "British Entomology, being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland," London, 1834. Curtis (17911862) was an entomologist, illustrator, engraver and publisher. "British Entomology" was published from 1824 to 1839, and comprised 770 illustrations of insects and the plants upon which they are found.

Thera coniferata, Thera cognata, Durham Juniper Moth, and juniper tree, Juniperus communis. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by John Curtis for his own "British Entomology, being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland," London, 1834. Curtis (1791ñ1862) was an entomologist, illustrator, engraver and publisher. "British Entomology" was published from 1824 to 1839, and comprised 770 illustrations of insects and the plants upon which th

Euphorbium, 1739., 1739., London. Publisher, Printed for John Nourse. Botany, Medical

Print made by Elizabeth Blackwell, died 1774, British, Pastinaca (Parsnip), Plate 379 from 'A Curious Herbal', volume II, London, 1737, 1737. Etching and line engraving with hand coloring in watercolor on medium, slightly textured, cream laid paper.

Three mosses (Neckera species) with anatomical detail and five carrion eater beetles (Necydalis species). Coloured engraving by J. Pass, c. 1818.

Nova Genera et Species Plantarum, Antverpiae, Ex officina Christophori Plantini, 1576, botany, classification, pictorial works, plants, scientific expeditions, South America., The illustration features a botanical rendering of a flowering plant, showcasing its delicate branches adorned with small, round flowers. Below the main depiction, various detailed drawings exhibit different parts of the plant, including seeds, pods, and leaves. This comprehensive representation highlights the intricate structures and variations within the species, providing valuable insight into its morphology, as labeled 'TRIPOLIUM rud.' at the bottom. The overall design reflects a scholarly approach to the study of plant life, emphasizing both beauty and botanical accuracy.

Psychopsis papilio or butterfly orchid is a native of South America and Trinidad with large yellow and reddish-brown flowers. Illustration by Miss R. Mills (active 1836~1842): she was also the main illustrator for Knowles and Westcotts The Floral Cabinet (1837-1842). Benjamin Maund's The Botanist was a five-volume series that introduced 250 new plants from 1836 to 1842. The series is notable for its many female artists: the plates were drawn by Maund's daughters Sarah and Eliza, Augusta Withers, Priscilla Bury, Jane Taylor, Miss R. Mills among others. The other characteristic is partial colouring - many of the finely detailed copperplate engravings are left with part of the flower and leaves uncoloured.

British entomology, London, Printed for the author 1823-1840 i.e. 1840, botany, Great Britain, insects, pictorial works, A detailed illustration featuring a mosquito prominently displayed above a sprig of a green plant. The plant is intricately drawn with delicate leaves and small yellow flowers. Below the main subjects, there are various scientific sketches labeled with numbers, depicting different types of plant structures, possibly including leaf arrangements or parts of the mosquito. The overall composition suggests a focus on entomology and botany, showcasing the relationship between the insect and its plant environment, with annotations providing additional context to the species depicted.

Spotted cycnoches orchid, Cycnoches maculatum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by S. Nevitt after a botanical illustration by Mills from Benjamin Maund and the Rev. John Stevens Henslow's The Botanist, London, 1836.

Species Graminum, Petropoli, Impensis Academiae Imperialis Scientiarum, 1828-1836, Gramineae, pictorial works, grasses, The illustration showcases a botanical study featuring a tall, slender grass with elongated seed heads. On the left side, a detailed rendering of the grass plant highlights its vertical stems and fine leaves. Accompanying the main plant are five labeled round seed forms, depicted in varying sizes and textures, indicating different stages or types of seeds. The illustration is methodically organized, providing a clear visual reference for the plant's structure and reproductive components, and includes a small engraved emblem adjacent to the seeds.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Ace Casa Pida, Rhopalostylis Baueri, The illustration features a detailed depiction of the *Arenas rugida*, showcasing its distinct elongated flower clusters and broad, arching leaves. Prominently displayed is the intricate inflorescence, characterized by tightly packed floral structures that transition gracefully into fronds. Below the main illustration, several smaller illustrations highlight different stages of the plant, including seeds and other anatomical features, each labeled for clarity. This botanical study emphasizes the complexity and beauty of the *Arenas rugida*, reflecting the meticulous attention to detail typical of botanical illustrations from this era.

Flora Londinensis, or Plates and descriptions of such plants as grow wild in the environs of London London, Printed for and sold by the author and B. White, 1777. 18th century, botanical illustration, botany, England, engravings, herbals, London, plants, stems, leaves, flowers, An artistic illustration showcasing the various stages and parts of a plant species, specifically the flowering plant *Ragged-robin* (Lychnis flos-cuculi). The composition features a series of botanical specimens arranged in a neat, orderly fashion, highlighting the delicate details of the plant's leaves, stems, and flowers. Each element is meticulously labeled, demonstrating the intricate anatomy of the plant. The careful rendering of the natural forms reflects a study in both botany and art, emphasizing the beauty and complexity of this particular species.

Barley, Hordeum vulgare. Handcoloured copperplate botanical engraving from Johannes Zorn's "Afbeelding der Artseny-Gewassen," Jan Christiaan Sepp, Amsterdam, 1796. Zorn first published his illustrated medical botany in Nurnberg in 1780 with 500 plates, and a Dutch edition followed in 1796 published by J.C. Sepp with an additional 100 plates. Zorn (1739-1799) was a German pharmacist and botanist who collected medical plants from all over Europe for his "Icones plantarum medicinalium" for apothecaries and doctors.

Scarlet renanthera, Renanthera coccinea. Illustration drawn by William Jackson Hooker, engraved by Swan. Handcolored copperplate engraving from William Curtis's "The Botanical Magazine," Samuel Curtis, 1830. Hooker (1785-1865) was an English botanist, writer and artist. He was Regius Professor of Botany at Glasgow University, and editor of Curtis' "Botanical Magazine" from 1827 to 1865. In 1841, he was appointed director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, and was succeeded by his son Joseph Da

Herbier de la France, Paris, Chez l'auteur, Didot, Debure, Belin, 1780-93, France, Fungi, Medicinal Plants, Pictorial Works, Plants, Poisonous Plants, The illustration features a series of detailed botanical renderings of various species of fungi. Each specimen is depicted with distinctive shapes and features, showcasing their unique structures. The central focus is on Helvella, highlighted in various forms, with intricate detailing of the gills and caps. Surrounding the main figure are additional representations, each labeled with numbers and botanic notations, providing a scientific context. Below the illustrations, there is a descriptive caption that presents Latin names and possibly habitat or classification information, emphasizing the importance of these species in mycology and biodiversity.

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum. Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906. Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media., An intricately detailed botanical illustration showcasing two species of orchids: Cattleya Walkeriana and Laelia Regnellii. The composition features multiple elements: at the top, there are detailed depictions of various orchid structures, including labellum and column parts. Below, the Cattleya Walkeriana is illustrated with large, delicate flowers, exhibiting a rich structure with multiple petals and a distinct lip. The roots and leaves are depicted, emphasizing their form and arrangement. This illustration emphasizes the complexity and beauty of these orchid species, highlighting the natural elegance found in botanical studies.

1. Opuntia imbricata, 2. Opuntia prolifera, 3,4. Opuntia alcahes, 5,6. Opuntia vestita, aus The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations, N.L. Britton and J.N. Rose, 1919-1923, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 20. Jahrhundert, genaues Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

Lebetanthus myrsinites (Lamarck) Dusen prints, copper engravings, line engravings

1. Cephalocereus arrabidae, 2. Cephalocereus nobilis, 3. Cephalocereus barbadensis, Kaktus, Kakteen, aus The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations, N.L. Britton and J.N. Rose, 1919-1923, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 20. Jahrhundert, genaues Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

A fungus (Agaricus species): fungus with fruiting-bodies growing on wood. Coloured etching by G. D. Ehret, c.1744, after himself.

The Mirror of literature, amusement, and instruction, Saturday, April 20, 1839 Fac-simile of a photogenic drawing. Photographs, Magazine covers. 1839-04-20. General Research Division

Medusa's head, Euphorbia caput-medusae. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by George Cooke from Conrad Loddiges' Botanical Cabinet, Hackney, 1828.

Thyme honey-myrtle or thyme-leaved melaleuca, Melaleuca thymifolia. Handcoloured copperplate engraving after an illustration by Richard Duppa from his The Classes and Orders of the Linnaean System of Botany, Longman, Hurst, London, 1816.

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