Mars Craters and Geological Features

High-resolution images of Mars showcasing craters, landslides, and geological formations in grayscale, highlighting the planet's rugged topography.

Trough Floor

This perspective view shows the caldera of the Okmok volcano in Alaska's Aleutian Islands acquired by NASA's Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) in 2001.

Final Eros Images: Last, Closest Image of Eros

This MOC image shows gullies on the wall of a martian south mid-latitude impact crater. The channels in each gully head beneath an eroding overhang of layered rock

Linné Crater

Layers in Melas Chasma

This MOC image shows a dust devil traveling across a plain west-southwest of Schiaparelli Crater, in far eastern Sinus Meridiani. The dust devil is casting a shadow toward the northeast, just south (below) of an egg-shaped crater

This VIS image is located on the South Polar cap. The linear features are the steep side of a polar trough. At troughs the extensive layering of the ice is exposed. The layers represent deposition of ice and dust during changing seasons over millions of years. Orbit Number 75343 Latitude -84.2072 Longitude 107.62 Instrument VIS Captured 2018-12-09 00 07

This MOC image shows gullies all of which head at the same level on a south mid-latitude crater wall

The force of moving water from a flood carved these teardrop-shaped islands within Granicus Valles. THEMIS.

Tenuis Cavus is a region within the north polar cap where the underlying surface is visible. Ice comprises the top part of this image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Slope Processes

Detail sandstone cutting at Forest Lakes Road, 26 December 1949, by Leslie Adkin.

Promethei Terra

Fretted Terrain Craters

Evidence for Recent Liquid Water on Mars: Channeled Aprons in a Small Crater within Newton Crater

Arsia Mons Seen By Mars Global Surveyor

This updated global map of Saturn's moon Tethys was created using images taken by NASA's Cassini spacecraft.

Io - Volcano Loki and Loki Patera

Cavi Angusti is located near the south polar cap and consists of large irregular steep-sided depressions termed cavi. Layering is visible within the large cavi at the top of the image. Orbit Number 76085 Latitude -81.7438 Longitude 286.943 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-02-08 02 43

Martian Gullies

Clouds Near Icaria Planum

This VIS image shows part of the south polar cap. The cap is comprised of layers of ice and dust deposited over millions of years. This image was collected at the end of summer. Orbit Number 76193 Latitude -86.7591 Longitude 96.2982 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-02-17 00 08

Craters and Winds

THEMIS Images as Art #32

A patch of relatively smooth ground on the nucleus surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko appears in this image taken by the navigation camera on the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft in October 2014.

Complex Floor Deposits Within Western Ganges Chasma, Valles Marineris - High Resolution Image

Sedimentary Rock Remnants

Sirenum Fossae Troughs

Memnonia Sulci Yardangs

Lonely Crater

Here's Looking at You

Small Gullied Crater

This MOC image shows an impact crater on the martian northern plains. This crater is roughly the size of the famous Meteor Crater in Arizona on the North American continent

A Gullied Crater Wall

This view of the volcanic plains of Neptune's moon Triton was produced using topographic maps derived from images acquired by NASA's Voyager spacecraft during its August 1989 flyby, 20 years ago this week.

Hellas Planitia

Ejecta in Tycho Crater

Fresh Crater in Arabia Terra with Light-Toned Ejecta

Sedimentary Rocks in Ganges

Tall Mountain, Tohil Mons, on Io

This image was obtained by NASA's Dawn spacecraft on June, 16 2018 from an altitude of about 24 miles (39 kilometers). NASA announced the conclusion of Dawn's mission operations was Oct. 31, 2018, when the spacecraft depleted its hydrazine. The center of this feature is located at about 16.1 degrees north latitude and 242.8 degrees east longitude.

NASA's Magellan spacecraft observed remnant landslide deposits apparently resulting from the collapse of volcanic structures. This radar image is centered in the southwestern Navka Region of Venus.

A Dust Devil Making a Streak and Climbing a Crater Wall

The Athabasca region contains some of the youngest lava flows on Mars. This looks like a circular island surrounded by a 'sea' of smooth-looking lava flows. This image was observed by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

This image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, shows channels to the southeast of Hale crater on southern Mars. Channels associated with impact craters were once thought to be quite rare.

Airbag Tracks on Mars

Crater with Streak

THEMIS Images as Art #17

NASA's Magellan full-resolution image shows Maxwell Montes, centered at 65 degrees north latitude and 6 degrees east longitude. Maxwell is the highest mountain on Venus, rising almost 11 kilometers (6.8 miles) above mean planetary radius.

Calderas on Ganymede

AS08-13-2225 (21-27 Dec. 1968) --- This photograph was taken from the Apollo 8 spacecraft with long-focal length lens, looking south at the large crater Goclenius, which is in foreground. Hold picture with Goclenius at bottom center. The three clustered craters are Magelhaens, Magelhaens A, and Colombo A. The crater at upper right is Gutenberg D. The crater Goclenius is located at 10 degrees south latitude, 45 degrees east longitude, and it is approximately 40 statute miles in diameter.

The High Resolution Imaging Experiment (HiRISE) camera aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) was able to capture this image of NASA's Perseverance rover on the surface of Mars. The image was taken on Feb. 19, 2021. It is a close-up version of a larger image showing several parts of the Mars 2020 mission landing system that got the rover safely on the ground. These close-ups of Mars 2020 hardware were processed to make them easier to see. A key objective for Perseverance's mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet's geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith (broken rock and dust). Subsequent NASA missions, in cooperation with ESA (European Space Agency), would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and return them to Earth for in-depth analysis. The

Close up detail focusing on a smooth region on the 'base' of the 'body' section of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The image was taken by ESA's Rosetta's OSIRIS on August 6, 2014.

This mosaic of images of the region around NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity shows the relative locations of several craters, including Endeavour, in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars.

This MOC image shows some a modest-sized meteor impact crater in the Elysium Planitia region of Mars. The dark spot inside the crater is, most likely, a patch of windblown sand and silt

Volcanically Active Regions on Io

Rock Interior Exposed Near 'Endurance'

Mars Says hi!

Argyre Bull's-Eye

Pedestal Crater

Field of Fans

South Polar Erosion

This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey shows the sand sheet with dune forms located on the floor of Rabe Crater.

This MOC image shows dark sand dunes in Arkhangelsky Crater. The steepest slopes on these dunes, their slip faces, point toward the northeast (upper right), indicating formative winds from the southwest

Bouldery Impact

Arkhangelsky Crater

Flow Front and Crater

Aram Chaos Complexity

Rover Tracks at Crater's Edge

This anaglyph from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows erosional features formed by seasonal frost near the south pole of Mars. 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.

Pit Chain on Olympus

This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows a layered, light-toned mesa among other layered materials exposed in a mound that covers much of the floor of Spallanzani Crater

Icy Europa and similar scales on Earth

Dune Fields of Terra Cimmeria

Geologic Landforms on Io (Area 3)

Layers within the Valles Marineris: Clues to the Ancient Crust of Mars

The central portion of this image is dominated by a sharp-rimmed crater that is roughly 5 kilometers in diameter. On its slopes, gullies show young (geologically recent) headward erosion, which is the lengthening of the gully in the upslope direction.

THEMIS Images as Art #57

Pair of Craters

Northern Plains Crater

Sappinia is an amoeba (a single-celled living organism), found in the environment. There are two known species of Sappinia: Sappinia diploidea and Sappinia pedata. This amoeba causes amoebic encephalitis, which is an infection of the brain. Worldwide, only one case of amoebic encephalitis due to Sappinia infection has been reported

The Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity used its laser to examine side-by-side points in a target patch of soil, leaving the marks apparent in this before-and-after comparison.

This image from NASA's Magellan spacecraft reveals Sacajawea Patera, a large, elongate caldera located in Western Ishtar Terra on the smooth plateau of Lakshmi Planum.

Most mountains on the Earth are formed as plates collide and the crust buckles. Not so for the Moon, where mountains are formed as a result of impacts as seen by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.

The broader scene for this image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter is the fluidized ejecta from Bakhuysen Crater to the southwest. A 'dragonfly' impact crater i seen with a gouged-out trench extending to the south.

Crater in Syrtis Major

Albedo Boundary

This image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows erosional features formed by seasonal frost near the south pole of Mars. During the winter, high latitudes on Mars build up deposits of carbon dioxide frost that can be several feet thick.

Mesa of the 'Face on Mars' Seen by Mars Global Surveyor

Western Tithonium Chasma/Ius Chasma, Valles Marineris - High Resolution Image

Layers of ice are easily seen in this image of the margin of the South Polar cap

Io - South Pole

Northern Plains Crater

Meridiani Planum

Marte Vallis Channel

This image of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was obtained on October 30, 2014 by the OSIRIS scientific imaging system on the Rosetta spacecraft. The right half is obscured by darkness.

Meteor Crater - Arizona - 4150 feet across and 570 feet deep. Date: circa 1940s

This anaglyph, from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, shows complexly eroded volcanic terrain in northern Patagonia, near El Cain, Argentina. 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.

This stereo anaglyph shows NASA's Mars rover Curiosity where it landed on Mars within Gale Crater, at a site now called Bradbury Landing. You need 3-D glasses to view this image.

This anaglyph from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows part of Gordi Dorsum in the Medusae Fossae region of Mars, shows part of an area on Mars where narrow rock ridges, some as tall as a 16-story building.

of 3