19th Century Industrial Crafts

Engravings depicting various 19th-century skilled trades in England, including saw making, textile printing, and weaving, showcasing industrial craftsmanship.

Engraving depicting a copperplate printer. Dated 19th century

Saw making: cutting out the teeth of a steel saw, Sheffield, England. Engraving, London, 1844.

Hand-block printing rolls of calico, Lancashire, England. The assistant is keeping the pan of colour ready for block to be recharged. Engraving, London, 1880.

An engraving depicting a baker kneading dough in a trough. The through had a lid so that the mixture could be covered and left to rise. Dated 19th century

In a Spitalfields silk weaver's shop two contrasting apprentices, Tom Idle, asleep, and Francis Goodchild, engrossed in his work, sit at their looms overseen by their master. Engraving by Thomas Cook after William Hogarth, 1749.

Scotch carpet loom - Unpowered. The jacquard punched cards can be seen above the weavers head. London, August 1843

19th century typesetter and printers working with Stanhope cast iron printing press in print shop, pressroom

Filling sacks with cork stoppers, cork stopper workshop, France, Illustration by Henri Valentin from L'Illustration, Journal Universel, No 651, Volume XXVI, August 18, 1855.

A plate printer at work in the late 17th century. After a work by Jan Luyken.

A horse turning the wheel to crush apples in a cider-mill. Engraving by J. Whessell after J. Wathen.

Engraving depicting a copperplate printer. Dated 19th century

Heckling raw hemp in preparation for the spinning process. From Charles Tomlinson.

A loom, a device used to weave cloth and tapestry, 1860, France, Europe

Dr Dauglish's bread-making machine, London : every stage in the process is performed by machine (1 of 2) Date: 1860

Sectional view of a windmill used to grind corn. On the upper floor the miller is feeding grain into the hopper which takes it to the centre of the millstone where it is ground into flour. Dated 19th century

Photo collection Government information service. Flax operations. undated

Illustration showing dipping TALLOW candles. A frame of broaches containing wicks is attached to a NODDING DONKEY - a balance shaped beam suspended from the ceiling with a pan containing counterbalance weights at one end. The weights in the pan determined the size of the candles being dipped. 1866

A man is using a heavy weight on a pulley system to stamp out buttons. Wood engraving.

An engraving depicting English Cider press. 1835

Dyeing cotton, Lancashire, England. Preparing an alum cistern. Cloth would be passed through an alum solution before dyeing. Engraving, London, 1866.

Engraving depicting the grinding room in a Sheffield cutlery works. Dated 19th century

Cutting flint glass: the vessel to be cut was held against a rotating wheel. The hopper above the grinding wheel contained a mixture of sand and water which trickle on to the edge of the wheel. Gordon Foundry, Forge and Factory. London, 1890.

An engraving depicting biscuits going into the oven at Peek, Frean & Co.'s biscuit factory, Southwark Park, London. Dated 19th century

Manufacture of tubular bricks, Etienne Arnaud brick factory, Marseille, illustration from L'Illustration, Journal Universel, No 1078, Volume XLI, October 24, 1863.

Illustration depicting a 'Liberty' plate printing press, much used by jobbing printers. Dated 19th century

Engraving depicting a lever being applied to a grindstone. Fulcrum bolt is at C), power is supplied by the foot, and the resistance in the motion transmitted to the wheel via rod at A). Dated 19th Century

Reading the foreign journals for news of shipping Date: 1846

An engraving depicting a bakery using Dalglish's aerated bread making machinery. Dated 19th century

Women securing bristles in brushes using Woodbury's machine. Machines set up by windows for maximum natural light, and asre powered by belt and shafting from central source. Boy keeps each work station supplied with materials and takes away processed goods. Illustration Leipzig c1895.

An engraving depicting a type of cider mill used in Ireland for crushing apples for cider making. Dated 19th century

Prang's aids to object teaching - trades and occupations - plate 4 - blacksmith , Blacksmiths, Forge shops, Blacksmithing, Horseshoes. Louis Prang & Company Collection

Figures at a printing press; Typographia Harlemi Primum Inventa Cira Annum 1440. The invention of the printing print by Laurens Jansz. Coster in Haarlem, approx. 1440. Interior of a book printing, with a printing press and putting letters.

Stereotype foundry: workers making casts of complete typeset pages. Woodblock engraving from the Penny Magazine, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 1833.

Engraving depicting a cylinder printing press, powered by a steam engine via a belt drive. Dated 19th century

Stereotype Foundry

Industry and Idleness The fellow prentices at their looms From the original design by Hogarth from The Works of Hogarth published London 1833

Paper-making by hand at Hollingworth's Turkey Mill, Maidstone. Workers making sheets of rag paper and drying them. Woodblock engraving from the Penny Magazine, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 1833.

Figures at a printing press; Typographia Harlemi Primum Inventa Cira Annum 1440. The invention of the printing print by Laurens Jansz. Coster in Haarlem, approx. 1440. Interior of a book printing, with a printing press and putting letters.

George Stephenson disassembles and repairs his steam engine in Newcastle

Glass blower's assistant bringing more glass from furnace to form foot of a vessel. Paris, France (ca 1870)

Drawing showing Pumping machinery for raising water to reservoir to operate fountains in ornamental garden in background. The man-powered pumps have a weight-drive mechanism at D. From Georg Andreas Bockler Theatrum Machinarum Novum, Nuremberg 1673

Searching for coal by boring, Pas de Calais Coalfield, France. Changing the rods on a boring machine powered by a steam engine. From 'Underground Life; or, Mines and Miners' by Louis Simonin (London, 1869). Wood engraving.

Making a Persian rug - Scotland. August 1843.

Illustration showing builders sawing and preparing stone, on a building site. England 1836

Drawing, The Interior of a Textile Factory; Unknown; France; pen and black ink, brush and gray wash on laid paper; 17.9 x 27.8 cm (7 1/16 x 10 15/16 in.); 1946-9-1

Machine for making continuous roll of paper. Engraving c1845'

Tobacco manufacturing of paris, engraving by a.jahandier

Weaving mill at a residential house in the middle of the 18th century in England, historic drawing by William Hogarth, 1697 - 1764, a sociocritical English painter and graphic artist

Cylinder-printing a repeating pattern onto a roll of calico cloth. From The History of Progress in Great Britain, published 1866.

Mirrors: a tinted mirror-factory (above), and a work table for silvering glass (below). Engraving by Benard after Lucotte.

Illustration depicting the Stanhope Press: Improved form of common printing press devised by Charles, third Earl Stanhope (1753-1816) which was adopted almost universally. Dated 19th century

A German weaver at his loom Date: 1699

Illustration showing shoemaker's workshop, Stafford From the Rev. Isaac Taylor Scenes of British Wealth, London 1823

Engraving depicting making of rag paper: Maidstone.

Beam engine designed by George Stephenson, started at the Stephenson works in 1823 Date: 1823

Glass blower trimming a vessel with scissors. Paris, (ca 1870)

An engraving depicting a crofter's hut near Saltcoats, North-West Territories. A Canadian box stove used for both cooking and heating. Dated 19th century

Brushmaker in apron trimming a broomhead in a workshop. Brooms, brushes, mops and other items hang from the walls.. Woodblock engraving from The Book of English Trades, or Library of Useful Arts, F.C.& J. Rivington, London, 1821.

Shoemakers: interior view and various tools used in the making of shoe-horns. Etching with engraving.

Slaves working at a cotton gin, Georgia, USA in the 19th century. A cotton gin is a machine that separates cotton fibers from their seeds. From America Revisited: From The Bay of New York to The Gul

Saw gin for cleaning cotton being operated by barefoot black labourer. Southern States of USA. Eagle gin, improved form of Whitney gin. Wood engraving, 1865.

An engraving depicting the production of flake cocoa by grinding roasted cocoa beans. Cocoa was a cheaper product than chocolate as it was produced from beans which had not been as thoroughly husked. Dated 19th century

Workers shredding flax, 19th century. From Le Savant du Foyer ou Notions Scientifiques Sur Les Objets Usuels de la Vie, published 1864

Perpetual motion: A grinding mill M, driven by a water wheel H, which is itself driven y waer from upper cistern F. In addition to driving the mill, the whater wheel also drives the water up again to the cistern by rotating the Archimedean screw Q, and the pumps B and C. Engraving from 'Theatrum Machinarum Novum' by George Andreas Bockler (Nuremberg, 1673).

Wool sorters, c1880. Artist: Unknown

Tannery In France, 1750.

Manufacturing electric light bulbs, c1883 (1896). Artist: Unknown

Weinherstellung, Arbeiter an einer Traubenraspel, um 1880, digital verbesserte Reproduktion einer Vorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Historisch, genaues Datum unbekannt

Bruising flax stalks in preparation for retting (soaking), one of the processes in the production of linen. Engraving, London, 1851.

19th century illustration; depicting, a builder checking the angle of a wall with a plumb line. English; 1887

Aids to object teaching. Blacksmith , Blacksmiths, Forge shops, Blacksmithing, Horseshoes. Louis Prang & Company Collection

Bath stays or The lady's steel shapes - "The interior of a blacksmith's smithy. On the anvil is a portion of a pair of stays, at which two smiths strike with hammers, one (left) holding the stays by pincers..." June 4, 1777.

A turner's workshop, a man working the crank of a large lathe, tools ranged around the walls. Engraving by R. Bénard after Lucotte.

Entrance to New Hartley Mine, Coal Mine, Northumberland, 1869, England, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of an original 19th century artwork, exact original date unknown

An engraving depicting a man soldering copper, nickel, and zinc alloy to form an item which would eventually electroplated with silver. Hard solder is being used and Delbruck's of heating it by feeding gases under steam pressure through a pipe to be burnt at the nozzle. Dated 19th century

Engraving depicting the washing of lead ores in Durham. Dated 19th century

Women making pneumatic tyres for bicycles. From Le Journal de la Jeunesse, Paris, 1896.

Carpenters and their tools in the 16th century. From The History of Progress in Great Britain, published 1866.

Jeweller working at his bench with leather covers in a workshop. His tools include files, drills, hammer, pliers, wire drawer and crucible. Woodblock engraving from The Book of English Trades, or Library of Useful Arts, F.C.& J. Rivington, London, 1821.

Engraving depicting the productions of Bohemian garnet. At the bottom miners are sieving for garnets, while the man on the top left is splitting the stones. The couple on the top right polish them. Dated 19th century

South Durham Salt Works, England: pumping engine for lifting brine from borehole. Engraving 1884

Engraving depicting the making camembert cheese. The young milkmaid is seen putting the cheeses in the drying room. Dated 19th Century

An engraving depicting an engineer using a file on an engine part held in a vice. Engineers made and maintained the steam engines and machinery used in manufacturing and transport. Dated 19th century

Scenes in a rifle factory in Suhl, Germany. Polisher, sharpener, drilling out the smooth barrels, barrel pulling, locks / Szenen in einer Gewehrfabrik in Suhl, Deutschland. Polierer, Schäfter, Ausbohren der glatten Läufe, Laufziehen, Schlösser, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert.

Joseph-Marie Jacquard's programmable loom with punch card control, Jacquard loom, 1880 / Der programmierbare Webstuhl von Joseph-Marie Jacquard mit Lochkartensteuerung, Jacquard-Webmaschine, 1880, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhunder.

The Printers in their Workroom, fom series of Artists in theirStudios. Artist: Abraham Bosse, French, 1602-1676

Cutting flint glass: the vessel to be cut was held against a rotating wheel. The hopper above the grinding wheel contained a mixture of sand and water which trickle on to the edge of the wheel. Gordon Foundry, Forge and Factory. London, 1890.

Lithograph print of Pork packing in a packing house in Cincinnati : 'killing', 'cutting', 'rendering' and 'salting'.

Instrument room at the Electric Telegraph Office; Lothbury; London. 1860.

Woman using a box mangle. In this machine, damp clothes were smoothed by rollers, which ran back and forth on clothes, spread on polished flat surface. Pressure was applied to the rollers by means of a large rectangular box filled with stones. London, 1869

An engraving depicting a farrier working as his son reads a book by his feet. Dated 19th century

Weaving workshop in Lyon. - Drawing Jahandier, after Victor Grilat, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1875.

Figures at a printing press, Jan van de Velde, after Pieter Jansz Saenredam, 1628 print The invention of book printing by Laurens Jansz. Coster in Haarlem, ca. 1440. Interior of a book printing company, with a printing press and putting letters. Haarlem paper etching printing press. printing, printing office Haarlem

Engraving depicting a builder using a plumb line to keep a walk vertical. Because of gravity the line will always rest pointing to the centre of the earth. Dated 19th Century

Coal cutting machine on rails, powered by compressed air produced by a steam engine at the pithead. From 'The Practical Dictionary of Mechanics' by Edward H Knight (New York and London, c1880). Engraving.

A forge, 1751-1777. Artist: Denis Diderot

Labor Inspectorate Photo Collection. 13x18 Warning danger circular saws maker. undated

Gold and silver refiners. Engraving 1747

Power loom for weaving cotton. Model illustrated is that invented by Roberts (c1815-20). Belting connecting to drive shaft is shown at centre back of picture. Female operative. Wood engraving c1840.

Engraving depicting a printer's workshop. Dated 18th century

A Welsh miner washing off the grime after his day's work. Date: circa 1870

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