Ancient Funerary and Relief Art

Gravestones and monuments illustrating historical figures and scenes, with intricate carvings and inscriptions reflecting ancient artistry and symbolism.

Roman stucco of Dionysiac rites, 1st century BC. Artist: Unknown

Gravestone, 16th-17th centuries. Detail. Unknown provenance. Carmo Archaeological Museum. Lisbon, Portugal.

Gravestone, 16th-17th centuries. Detail. Unknown provenance. Carmo Archaeological Museum. Lisbon, Portugal.

MILIARIO ROMANO. Location: MEZQUITA-INTERIOR. CORDOBA. SPAIN.

Italy, Funerary monument from the necropolis of Ateste

Early Classical. Late Archaic. Satyr wielding a tree branch. Frieze block carved in relief, from the animal frieze that used to run around the top of the podium suporting Building G. Acropolis Xanthos. Lycia. Turkey. Made during the reigh of King Kuprlli (480-440BC). British Museum. London. England. United Kingdom.

Roman stucco of Dionysiac rites, 1st century BC. Artist: Unknown

Italy. Pisa. Camposanto. Roman sarcophagus. Fragment. Scene of hunting. Soldier. Detail. Imperial era.

Pompeii. House of the Vettii. Lararium. Two Lares, holding a rhyton, flank a genius with a libation bowl and incense box, his head covered for a sacrifice. The snake, associated with the prosperity, approaches an altar. The tympanum shows a patera, an ox skull and a sacrificial knife. Italy.

Roman statue pedestal. Dedicated to Marcus Fabius Paulinus. Provincial Forum. 1st century. Santa Tecla stone. Dedicated by his friend Lucius Minicius Pudens. National Archaeological Museum, Tarragona. Spain.

SARCOFAGO DE HELLIN, PRECEDENTE DE ALBACETE. DEPOSITO: ACADEMIA DE LA HISTORIA.

bas-relief on the Patronato De La Alhambra

Tombstone, limestone. Nablus (Palestine). Roman period, 2nd-3rd century AD. The Latin inscription is dedicated to the deified soul of the departed Augindai, horseman in the squadron of the Mauritanians (Roman colony). Rockefeller Archaeological Museum. Jerusalem. Israel.

Greece, Athens. The Choragic Monument of Lysicrates, 335-334 BC. Architectural detail. Corinthian order. It was erected by the choregos Lysicrates, patron of musical performances in the Theater of Dionysus, to commemorate the prize in the dithyramb.

Detail of a plate about the emancipation of the slave Kerdola in the year 272. Funeral feast. Third quarter of the 3rd century AD. From Ennea Hodoi (Amphipolis), Greece. National Archaeological Museum. Sofia. Bulgaria.

Altar stone consecrated to Lucius Valerius Reburrus, dead at 24 years ago, 4 months, 19 days. Frumentarius from Legio VIII Gemina, Tarraco. National Archaeological Museum, Tarragona. Spain.

ESTELA ROMANA. Location: BANCO EXTERIOR-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

The administratores of the horrea. Altar dedicated to Juppiter Silvanus Salutaris by some slaves and freedmen who dealt with the organizing and custody (vicili). Rome. 50-100 AD. Italy. National Roman Museum. Baths of Diocletian. Rome. Italy.

Gothic Plektrudis tomb slab, detail, St, Saint, Saint

Naked Adam, romanic cloister, Royal Monastery of San Juan de la Peña, Botaya, Huesca, Aragon, Spain.

Ludovisi Throne. ca. 470 - 460 BC. Relief of the right side. Woman burning incense. Archaic Greek art. Relief on marble. ITALY. LAZIO. Rome. National Roman Museum.

Sarcophagus with journey of the deceased through the afterlife. Marble. Early 2nd c. AD. Roman. National Roman Museum. Baths of Diocletian. Rome. Italy.

Roman sarcophagus with reliefs depicting the myth of Orpheus (above) and a Bacchic scene with satyrs and maenads (below), Monumental Cemetery of Pisa (UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1987), Tuscany, Italy, Roman civilization, 3rd century.

Ara. 2nd century AD. Inscription: Baba participated in the construction of the Temple of Tudela. Spain. National Archaeological Museum. Tarragona. Catalonia, Spain.

Escultura griega de Priapo. Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya.

Relief details from the temple courtyard in the Roman city of Bath, England. 3rd century AD. Now in ruin, the courtyard walls were adorned with decorative reliefs like a Lion head cornice, and allusions and tributes to Minerva, the patron Goddess. This image shows some of what remains.

Fragment of an entablature of the sacrificial altar. Marble. 156 BC. Courtyard of the great altar of Pergamum. Pergamon Museum. Berlin. Germany.

Decorated Marble Base of Statue 20 A.D.

Carved tombs of the Kom El Shoqafa catacombs of Alexandria, Egypt.

Statue of Medusa's head, City History Museum, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Script carved in stone in Capitoline Museum, Rome, Italy.

Sculpture of woman in limestone from Palmyra-Syria 1st century Ad. HT 50.5 Cms Copyright: xHarixMahidhar/DinodiaxPhotox

Marble slabs, by Maestro Nicolo, Guglielmo, attributed Lagarino Stefano, 12th Century, marble. Italy: Veneto: Verona: San Zeno Maggiore basilica. Detail. Panel San Zeno Verona Our Lady throne Jesus the Infant/Child Jesus/Baby Jesus adoration Magi Nativity

Temple pediment display, Roman Baths, Bath, Somerset, England

Choir, Cantoria (with 19C copies of the panels), by Della Robbia Luca, 1431 - 1438, 15th Century, marble and plaster. Italy: Tuscany: Florence: Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore Museum. Whole artwork. Choir panels reliefs scenes statues wording

Germany, Cologne. Roman Germanic Museum (aka Romisch-Germanisches). Carved Roman stone with text.

Painted limestone funerary slab with a man controlling a rearing horse. Culture: Greek. Dimensions: Height: 15 1/2 × 10 1/2 × 2 7/8 in. (39.4 × 26.7 × 7.3 cm). Date: 2nd half of 3rd century B.C..During the Ptolemaic period a distinctive type of subterranean tomb for multiple burials proliferated in the cemeteries around the city of Alexandria. Underground chambers cut into the living rock radiated from a central courtyard open to the sky. Most chambers contained a number of loculi, long narrow niches cut into the walls, which served as burial slots. Some loculi were sealed with painted limestone slabs in the form of small shrines. Here, a lively depiction of a man trying to bridle a horse, while a boy stands behind him, commemorates a man from Thessaly in Northern Greece, who must have been one of the many foreigners who congregated in the wealthy, cosmopolitan Ptolemaic capital. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Double Capital ca. 1480-1500 French. Double Capital 471318

Piranesi Vase, Roman, 2nd century AD - fragments of a decorative vase and several other monuments incorporated into an Italian 18th-century composition.

Roman funerary relief depicting a freed slave and his wife. Portrayed as if looking through a window. At the bottom, their names and those of the creators of the tombstone. Marble. Late 1st century BC- early 1st century AD. Museum of Mediterranean and Near Eastern Antiquities. Stockholm. Sweden.

Lazio Roma Rome S. Paolo16. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Architecture, architectural sculpture fragments, tomb sculpture fragments, sculptural fragments, inscribed tomb markers, sculpture, fresco painting, mosaics Specific Location: Basilica Antiquities: Architectural sculpture fragments, tomb sculpture fragments, sculpture fragments General Notes: the "tomb markers" need to be sorted and catalogued German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

Italy, Milan, Castello Sforzesco, Middle Ages sculpture in museum (Editorial Usage Only)

RELIEVE DE MUSA TOCANDO LA LIRA - SIGLO II AC - HELENISTICO CON ELEMENTOS NEOATICOS. Location: ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM. ISTANBUL. TURQUIA.

Stela nagrobna z inskrypcją łacińską oraz przedstawieniem zmarłego Eliusza Getullusa składającego ofiarę. unknown, author

Relief portraying ship being towed, from Cabrieres-d'Aigues (France)

Relief depicting Mercury, Viergoetterstein (four-god stone), detail of the Walheim Jupiter Column replica, Benningen am Neckar, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany. Roman civilization, 2nd-3rd century AD.

Funerary stele, 1st century AD, Varea, Museum of Romanization, Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain, Europe.

Europe, Italy, Lazio, Rome, Ara Pacis altar, indoor museum, relief with banqueting vestals

LAPIDA DE MARMOL ROMANA. Location: ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM. Malaga. SPAIN.

grave marker, Monographic Museum of Pollentia, Alcudia, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.

Campania Caserta Capua Museo Campano, Italy, 20th century, photo, photography, Europe

Corner Capital with the Dream of the Magi ca. 1135-50 French. Corner Capital with the Dream of the Magi. French. ca. 1135-50. Marble. Made in Languedoc, France. Sculpture-Architectural

Corbel with Two Animal Masks from the Monastery Church of Notre-Dame-de-la-Grande-Sauve Made 1150-1200 . Limestone .

Script carved in stone in Capitoline Museum, Rome, Italy.

Altar dedicated to the numen Augusti. Located in the Theater Orchestra. 1st century AD. Tarragona. National Archaeological Museum. Tarragona. Catalonia, Spain.

Corinthian capital decorated with acanthus leaves. From Roman theater of Tarragona. 1st Century BC-1st century AD. Spain.National Archaeological Museum. Tarragona. Catalonia, Spain.

Roman funerary altar. Two camilli wal carrying a parasol and basket of fruit. 40-50 CE. Rome. Claudian era. National Roman Museum. Rome. Italy,.

Rock Sculpture, Roman Theater, 3rd Century CE, Myra Ancient City, Demre, Antalya, Turkey

Religious statue on wall, Torcello Museum, Museo Di Torcello, on the island of Torcello, Venice, Italy

FALO DE TOBA PROCEDENTE DE POMPEYA - SIGLO I. Location: NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY. NEAPEL. ITALIA.

Medusa, 1st century, National Archaeological Museum, Villa Cassis Faraone, UNESCO World Heritage Site, important city in the Roman Empire, Friuli, Italy, Aquileia, Friuli, Italy, Europe

Basement with female head, basement ornament building component sandstone stone, sculpted Rectangular basement with woman's head with collar in the middle.

Funerary altar, calcerows. Caesarea. Roman period, late 1st-2nd century BC. On the front of the altar is the image of an eagle perched within aniche. The eagle is crowned with a wreath by NIke, the goddes of victory. Deceased: Julius Magnus, Centurion. Rockefeller Archaeological Museum. Jerusalem. Israel.

Montserrat monastery, Catalonia, Spain. Reliefs

Oval, tub-shaped sarcophagus with male figure and lion with prey, Roman civilization, 3rd century a.d.

Roman Museum. Cologne. Germany.

der Mann von Sant Domenec the man of Sant Domenec, 15th century, convent of San Domenec in Gerona, Girona art museum, Girona, Catalonia, Spain Copyright: xZoonar.com/Tolox 22282766

Funerary Ara dedicated to child Numerius Poblinius Hilarus, dead 2 years ago, 3 months and 9 days. Early 2nd century. National Archaeological Museum, Tarragona. Spain.

Italy, Satria, funerary monument

ancient sculpture detailed fragment of ancient sculpture of Japanese goddess on the temple yard Copyright: xZoonar.com/YuryxZapx 9619786

Double Capital 13th-14th century French. Double Capital. French. 13th-14th century. Limestone or sandstone. Made in Bonnefont, France. Sculpture-Architectural

$An instructor. \nA sepulchral slab of the freeman P. Sulpicius Menophilus who carried out the profession, as an instructor near or within the big oil warehouses (doctor de portu oleario), situated perhaps near the Forum Boarium. Rome. Origin undknowm. National Roman Museum. Baths of Diocletian. Rome. Italy.$

Germany, Cologne. Roman Germanic Museum (aka Romisch-Germanisches). Carved Roman stone display.

Roman relief. Mask of a deity wearing a crown in archaizing style and a tripod in the background. Roma. 1st c. AD. National Roman Museum. Palace Massimo. Rome. Italy.

King Mithridates of Commagene and Herakles shaking hands, Arsameia Ruins, Adiyaman, Turkey

Płyta nagrobna. warsztat rzymski

Lazio Roma Rome S. Paolo87. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Architecture, architectural sculpture fragments, tomb sculpture fragments, sculptural fragments, inscribed tomb markers, sculpture, fresco painting, mosaics Specific Location: Basilica Antiquities: Architectural sculpture fragments, tomb sculpture fragments, sculpture fragments General Notes: the "tomb markers" need to be sorted and catalogued German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

Abruzzo, L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Museo Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Italy, 20th century, photo, photography, Europe

Marble sarcophagus, Delphi, Greece

Roman urn of Tiberius Claudius Chryseuros, Iulia Theonoes and Claudia Dorcas. Decorated with god Ammon, wolf with the twins, eagles. Rome. 1st-2nd century. Rome. National Roman Museum. Baths of Diocletian. Rome. Italy.

Sarcophagus relief. Rape of Proserpina or Persephone. Wife of Hades/Pluto.

Greek theater masks on the stone in Myra, Turkey

ARTE ROMANICO. ESPAÑA. Capitel del s. XIV donde se representa a UN MONJE PREDICANDO A LA NOBLEZA DESDE UN PULPITO. Claustro de la IGLESIA PARROQUIAL DE SANTA MARIA LA REAL DE NIEVA, antiguo monasterio de los dominicos donado en 1393 por Enrique III. NIEVA. Provincia de Segovia. Castilla-León.

City of Palermo, the Cathedral Maria Santissima Assunta, sarcophagus in the crypt, tomb of Frederico d Antiochia, 1305, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sicily, Italy, Europe

Lycian Sarcophagus. 5th century BC. Paros marble. Royal Necropolis of Sidon. Chamber IV. Archaeological Museum. Istanbul. Turkey.

Roman sarcophagus of Publio Elio Sabino

Molise Isernia Isernia S. Maria Assunta4. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Remains of Romanesque architecture and architectural sculpture incorporated in a modern restoration Antiquities: Fragments of architectural and other sculpture Object Notes: Much of the sculpture illustrated was subsequently transferred to the Museo Comunale. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

Stele of Nikandros. 2nd century BC. Marble. Peloponnese. National Archaeological Museum. Madrid. Spain.

Early Christian sarcophagus with relief found in the cemetery under St Maximin's Church, Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Roman civilization, 4th century AD.

A medival carved stone casket at Jerpoint Abbey

estela arenisca, siglo VII, Santa Maria de Arrigorriaga, Arkeologi Museoa, museo aqueologico, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Pais Vasco, Spain.

Roman era. Sarcophagus with marine centaurs and nereids and clipeus. From Pozzuoli, Italy. 3rd century AD. National Archaeological Museum, Naples. Italy.

Magic Sphere. Depiction of the God Helios, a lion, a dragon and magical symbols. It was found buried near the Theater of Dionysos, which hosted duels and other similar contest when the sphere was created. It has been suggested that the sphere was used in magic rituals to achieve victory in these contests. 2nd-3rd century AD. Acropolis Museum. Athens. Greece.

Sarcophagus of the Muses, Monumental Cemetery of Pisa (UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1987), Tuscany, Italy, Roman civilization, 3rd century.

Italy,Rome,Santa Maria in Cosmedin Church,Bocca della Verita,Mouth of Truth

ARTE ROMANO. TURQUIA. Detalle de un arquitrabe decorado con relieves de MASCARAS TEATRALES DE LA TRAGEDIA. Museo al aire libre. Ciudad de Afrodisia de Caria. Península Anatólica.

Fragment of Grave monument of Elpines and Eunikos. Greek, Attic, 4th BCE. Marble. The Met, NY, USA.

Aedicule monument with portrait of a young man, 2nd century, National Archaeological Museum, Villa Cassis Faraone, UNESCO World Heritage Site, important city in the Roman Empire, Friuli, Italy, Aquileia, Friuli, Italy, Europe

Sarcophagus decorated with putti, Manastirine necropolis, Salona, Solin, Croatia. Paleo-Christian civilization.

Mosaic, Euphrasius Basilica, UNESCO World Heritage, Porec, Istria, Croatia, Europe

Niche with painted decorative element, wall of the scriptorium, Abbey of St Mary Nascent, Morimondo, Lombardy, Italy, 12th century.

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