Botanical Illustrations from History

A collection of historic botanical illustrations featuring various plants and herbs, including detailed engravings and lithographs from the 18th and 19th centuries.

Eriodictyon crassifolium, issued between 1840 and 1864, published in Paris by Gide. The work focuses on scientific expeditions and botany

Suriana maritima, 1840 - 1864, published in Paris by Gide, focusing on scientific expeditions in botany

Lesser centory. Centaurium minus.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Dittany of creet. Dictamnus creticus.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Efedra or mahuang, Ephedra distachya (Ephedra vulgaris) and Ephedra altissima. Herbal medicine ephedrine used in Chinese medicine and ayurveda. Handcoloured lithograph by Raimondo Petraroja after an illustration by Giorgio Amato from Tenore and Pasquale's Atlante di Botanica Populaire, Atlas of Popular Botany, 1870, Naples, Italy.

A work titled 'Dragons' from 1739 by Elizabeth Blackwell, also known as 'Dracontium.' Published in London by J. Norse, the piece features engravings related to plants and herbs, measuring 24 x 36 cm

Histoire de plantes les plus remarquables du Brésil et du Paraguay, Paris, A. Belin, 1824, Brazil, description and travel, Paraguay, plants, This illustration showcases a botanical study featuring various species of the genus Proserpinaca. Each labeled section displays distinct morphological characteristics: - A depicts a flowering specimen with slender stems and a single blossom. - B illustrates a more robust flower with a spherical shape, surrounded by delicate filaments. - C presents a detailed view of a plant with elongated leaves and multiple intertwined tendrils, demonstrating the intricate structure and growth forms within this group. The arrangement emphasizes the diversity in flowering and growth habits, showcasing the beauty and complexity of these aquatic plants.

Illustrations, of, the, genus, Carex, London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867, Carex, identification, pictorial works, sedge, The illustration showcases a variety of aquatic plants, with tall, slender blades depicted prominently in the center. Surrounding these main plants are detailed studies of different seed forms and structures, illustrating the diversity of their reproductive features. The various shapes and sizes of the seeds, from elongated to rounded forms, are rendered with precision, showcasing the intricate details of each. This representation emphasizes the unique characteristics of these species, contributing to an understanding of their morphology and ecological significance. The overall composition highlights the beauty and complexity of plant life in their aquatic habitats.

Horse tongue or double tongue. Hippoglossum bislingua.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Phacellothrix cladochaeta (F. Muller) F. Mueller, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Eriodictyon crassifolium, issued between 1840 and 1864, published in Paris by Gide. The work focuses on scientific expeditions and botany

Mouse ear. Pilosella.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Biologia Centrali-Americana London, 1879-1915, archaeology, botany, Central America, description and travel, scientific expeditions, zoology, plant, The illustration showcases various botanical specimens, meticulously detailed and labeled for scientific reference. It features three distinct plants: Galium denudatum, Leucothoe racemosa, and Uropetalinum, each depicted with precise line work that highlights their unique structures. The plants are presented in different orientations, showcasing their branches, leaves, and flowering characteristics, providing a clear understanding of their morphological features. The accompanying labels indicate the scientific names and additional information relevant to each species, reflecting the study of plant taxonomy and the beauty of botanical art.

Illustrations of the genus Carex London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867. Carex Identification Pictorial works Sedge, The illustration features the plant species C. nigro-marginata, showcasing its distinctive elongated grass-like stems and intricate leaf structures. Surrounding the central depiction of the plant are detailed renderings of various reproductive parts, including seeds and floral elements, highlighting the botanical nuances of this species. The composition emphasizes the delicate features and structural complexity of the plant, providing a comprehensive representation of its anatomy and form.

Lesser quaking grass, Briza minor. Handcoloured botanical drawn and engraved by Pierre Bulliard from his own "Flora Parisiensis," 1776, Paris, P.F. Didot. Pierre Bulliard (1752-1793 was a famous French botanist who pioneered the three-colour-plate printing technique. His introduction to the flowers of Paris included 640 plants.

Pomgranates. Granata punica mala.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

East India tamarind, 1739, Blackwell, Elizabeth. Additional, Tamarindus indica orientalis., 1739., London. Publisher, Printed for J. Norse. Plants, Herbs, Engravings., 24 x 36 cm

Illustrations of the genus Carex, London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867, carex, identification, pictorial works, sedge, An illustration featuring various stages and parts of the plant species C. laxiflora. The central tall grass plant showcases elongated green stems with clusters of delicate flowering spikes at the top. Surrounding the main illustration are detailed depictions of different botanical components: leaf shapes, seed heads, and seed structures, each labeled to highlight their unique features and characteristics. This artwork captures the intricate details of the plants anatomy, providing an educational reference for botany enthusiasts and scholars alike.

Apium prostratum Labillardiere var. prostratum, 1895, United Kingdom, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Icons of Japanese Algae, Tokyo, Kazamashobo 1907-1942, Japan, Algae, Botany, Pictorial Works, Woods Hole, This illustration features a detailed rendering of the marine plant *Sporodiscus sosaeparius*, showcasing a delicate, feathery branch with numerous thin, elongated leaves. Alongside the main specimen, a series of labeled diagrams display the plant's reproductive structures, including sporangia, which are depicted in varying sizes and shapes. Each section is meticulously drawn to highlight the intricate details of the plant's anatomy, providing a comprehensive study of its morphology. The combination of the main plant and its accompanying diagrams serves to enhance the understanding of its botanical characteristics.

Daucus of creet. Daucus creticus.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Climbing fern, Lygodium circinatum. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Stanghi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Studies of a pseudo-coral (Alcyonidium Gelatinosum) and two crabs (Stenorhynchus rostratus), anonymous, 1575 - 1599 drawing Netherlands paper. ink pen / brush coelenterata: coral. crustaceans: crab

The India berry tree, 1739, by Elizabeth Blackwell. Additional, Natsjatam. Published in London by J. Norse. Engraving measuring 24 x 36 cm, depicting plants and herbs

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum, Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906, Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media., This illustration showcases the Laelia harpophylla, a species of orchid. The central focus features the delicate flower structure with elongated petals and sleek leaves. Accompanying the main illustration are detailed sketches of various components, including the flower's shape and other botanical characteristics. The composition highlights the elegant simplicity and intricate details of this exotic plant, emphasizing its unique features. The overall presentation serves as a study of the plant's anatomy, useful for botanical reference and appreciation of its natural beauty.

Illustrations of the genus Carex London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867. Carex Identification Pictorial works Sedge, The illustration features a detailed study of a plant species, identified as C. resida. It showcases various aspects of the plant, including elongated grass-like leaves and distinctive flower spikes. The upper portion displays the overall shape and structure of the plant, while the lower section presents cross-sectional views, highlighting the reproductive components such as seeds and floral structures. Each part is meticulously rendered, capturing the intricacies of the botanical features for educational or classification purposes.

Icons of Japanese algae, Tokyo, Kazamashobo 1907-1942, Japan, algae, botany, pictorial works, Woods Hole, Dictyota linearis, The illustration showcases a detailed study of various marine algal specimens. At the top, intricate branching structures resembling the fronds of seaweed are illustrated, with a variety of shapes and textures represented. The central section features a close-up of a reproductive structure, highlighting its unique morphology. Below, more complex, intertwined textures illustrate different forms of algae, showcasing the diversity and intricacy of marine flora. Each specimen is labeled, providing a scientific reference to assist in identification and study.

Novæ Hollandiæ plantarum specimen Parisiis Ex typographia Dominæ Huzard 1804-1806 Australia Botany Pictorial works Sphaerolobium minus Sphaerolobium minus, A delicate botanical illustration depicting the genus Sphærolobium. The central composition showcases long, thin stems with clusters of small, circular seed pods. At the base, various detailed sketches highlight the plant's flowers and seeds, illustrating distinct features such as petal shapes and pod structures. This intricate representation captures the nuances of the plant's morphology, emphasizing its natural elegance and scientific importance. Each element is labeled, contributing to an informative understanding of the species.

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum. Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906, Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media, An illustration of the plant species Schomburgkia crispa, showcasing its distinctive form and structure. The detailed depiction includes the elongated leaves that curve gracefully, alongside the flowering stalk adorned with small, intricate blossoms. Accompanying the main illustration are smaller sketches that highlight specific features of the plant, such as its leaves and flowers. This botanical study emphasizes the natural elegance and complexity of Schomburgkia crispa, capturing its unique attributes for educational and identification purposes.

L'Arroche fétide.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Deeringia amaranthoides (Lamarck) Merrill prints, copper engravings, line engravings

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum. Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906. Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media, The illustration presents various views of the Bulbophyllum Lepidophyllum, showcasing its unique morphology. The central, elongated structure depicts the plant's flowering portion, adorned with several small, round flowers positioned atop a slender, leafless stem. Surrounding this, detailed illustrations of leaf structures are presented, highlighting their lanceolate shape and veined texture. The roots are also depicted, emphasizing their growth pattern and connection to the ground. Additional smaller drawings at the bottom provide close-ups of floral details, including the arrangement of reproductive parts, contributing to a comprehensive study of this orchid species.

Pterocaulon sphacelatum (Labillardiere) Bentham & Hooker ex F. Mueller, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Parsnep. Pastinaca.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Desmoschoenus spiralis (A. Richard) Hooker f., 1895, United Kingdom, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Botryodendron Taïtense.. Du Petit-Thouars, Abel Aubert (1793-1864). Prints, Illustrations. 1840 - 1864. General Research Division. Scientific expeditions, Botany

Female satyrium. Satyrium foemina.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Biologia Centrali-Americana London, 1879-1915 archaeology botany Central America description and travel scientific expeditions zoology plant, A botanical illustration of Dalea insignis, showcasing the plant's distinct features. The central stem is adorned with elongated, feathery leaves and cone-like clusters of purple flowers that highlight its unique morphology. Surrounding the main plant are detailed renderings of individual flower components and seed pods, providing insight into the reproductive structures and lifecycle of the species. Each part is meticulously labeled, enhancing the educational value of the illustration, which emphasizes the intricate beauty and complexity of this leguminous plant.

Illustration shows ferns. Filicinae. - Laubfarne, 1 print : color photomechanical ; sheet 36 x 26 cm., 1904. Ernst Haeckel 1834 ñ 1919 German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, stem cell, and Protista.

Roella Ciliata, Jan Wandelaar, 1738 print At the top right marked: tab: xxxv. Warm paper etching / letterpress printing plants and herbs. flowers

Atylosa reticulata (Aiton) Bentham, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Nicolai Josephi Jacquin Miscellanea austriaca ad botanicam, chemiam, et historiam naturalem spectantia, cum figuris partim coloratis. Vol. I-II. Vindobonae, ex officina Krausiana, 1778-1781., The illustration features a detailed depiction of a marine algae species, showcasing a network of delicate, dark, branching structures intertwined with broader, leaf-like forms. Scattered throughout are small, circular yellow or golden bodies that may represent reproductive structures or spores. The intricate lines and contrasts highlight the textures and complexities of the algae, drawing attention to its unique morphological features. The title at the bottom identifies the species as 'lycopodium dilibian,' suggesting its classification within the broader category of lycopods. This artwork embodies a blend of scientific observation and artistic representation, capturing the beauty of marine botany.

Zoologia adriatica, Bassano, G. Remondini e fl., 1792, Italy, marine invertebrates, Venice Gulf of, Venice Lagoon of, Illustration depicting the intricate root system of a plant, showcasing numerous slender, branching roots extending from a central point. The roots are detailed with fine lines, emphasizing their delicate and complex structure. This representation highlights the variety of root lengths and directions, reflecting the plant's adaptation to its environment. Labels indicate specific parts of the structure, providing further insight into botanical studies and root functions in nutrient absorption and anchorage.

MAGNIFIED VIEW OF THE FRESHWATER POLYPE

An engraving depicting PLANTAIN: Greater Plantain, Ratstail, Waybread (Platago major); Astringent and painkiller. From Robert John Thornton's 'A New Family Herbal', London, 1810. An engraving by Thomas Bewick

Equine anatomical Illustration from 'Anatomia del cavallo, infermità, et suoi rimedii'. Anatomy of a horse); (1618). by Carlo Ruini, (1530-1598)

The true acorus. Acorus verus.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

Illustration from 'Micrographia' 1665; by Robert Hooke, 1635-1703. Hooke's observations through various lenses, inspiring a wide public interest in the new science of microscopy.

Calademia Specimens, 17 October 1926, by Henry Matthews.

Illustrations of the genus Carex London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867. carex identification pictorial works sedge, The illustration features a detailed botanical study of the plant species C. tristicha. It showcases several distinct forms of the plant's foliage, including elongated, narrow leaves arranged in a fan-like pattern at the top. Below, the image presents various stages or sections of the plant, including elongated seed pods and a circular seed structure, emphasizing the plant's anatomical diversity. Each element is meticulously rendered, capturing the intricate details of the plant's morphology for educational or identification purposes.

Sand timothy, Phleum arenarium. Handcoloured botanical drawn and engraved by Pierre Bulliard from his own "Flora Parisiensis," 1776, Paris, P.F. Didot. Pierre Bulliard (1752-1793 was a famous French botanist who pioneered the three-colour-plate printing technique. His introduction to the flowers of Paris included 640 plants.

Triglochin procera R. Brown, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Helminthocladia calvadosii 1, Scinaia interrupta 2, Dumontia calvadosii, Dumontia interrupHandcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Corsi, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.. ta. Dumonzia del Calvados, Dumonzia interrotta.

Macropiper excelsum (G. Forster) Miquel, 1895, United Kingdom, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

botany flowers orchid (Anguloa suberba) from the border region of Ecuador and Peru drawing by Alexander von Humboldt circa 1802,

Purple toothwort, Lathraea clandestina. Handcoloured botanical drawn and engraved by Pierre Bulliard from his own "Flora Parisiensis," 1776, Paris, P. F. Didot. Pierre Bulliard (1752-1793) was a famous French botanist who pioneered the three-colour-plate printing technique. His introduction to the flowers of Paris included 640 plants.

Flora Graeca, sive, Plantarum rariorum historia, quas in provinciis aut insulis Graeciae, Londini, Typis Richardi Taylor et socii, in Vico Shoe-Lane, MDCCCVI-MDCCCXL 1806-1840. Greece, identification, Mediterranean region, pictorial works, plants, A botanical illustration of Amaryllis citrina, showcasing the plant's distinct features. On the left, a detailed depiction of the flower's stamen, highlighting the elongated, slender structure topped with pollen-laden anthers. Adjacent to it, a meticulously rendered side view of the flower, characterized by vibrant yellow petals that gracefully curve outward. Below, the bulbous root system is illustrated, emphasizing the plant's life cycle. The clean layout is complemented by a subtle background text, providing an elegant contrast to the scientific focus on this unique species.

Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. London, Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. Botany, Great Britain, Periodicals, Plants, An intricate botanical illustration depicting the fern species Polypodium annabelle, showcasing its distinctive leaf structure. The illustration highlights the delicate, lacy patterns of the fronds, revealing the detailed venation. Various leaf shapes are presented, including a rounded, lobed form and elongated segments, emphasizing the texture and complexity of the plant. Each element is rendered with precision, contributing to a scientific presentation that captures the elegance of this particular species. The title and reference to the artist or previous work are included, indicating the scholarly context of the illustration.

excision of the wrist, medical equipment, surgical instrument, history of medicine

Remora, Ichthyology - Fish

Pneumatopteris pennigera (G. Forster) Holttum, 1895, United Kingdom, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Pentacrinus caput Medusae, belonging to the starfish family, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original

Tree Identification - Herbarium Specimen. Photographs Relating to National Forests, Resource Management Practices, Personnel, and Cultural and Economic History

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum. Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906, Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media, This illustration features the Cattleya elongata, a species of orchid known for its elegant, striking flowers. The image showcases the plant in detail, including its long, slender stems and delicately shaped blossoms adorned with curving petals. Accompanying the main depiction are smaller drawings highlighting specific anatomical features of the plant, such as a close-up of the flower's structure and its distinct lip. The leaves, broad and green, provide a lush contrast to the delicate blooms, enhancing the overall intricacy of this botanical study.

Botanical Print by Walter Hood Fitch 1817 - 1892, W.H. Fitch was an botanical illustrator and artist, born in Glasgow, Scotland, UK, colour lithograph. From the Liszt Masterpieces of Botanical Illustration Collection.

Traite de paleontologie vegetale, ou, La flore du monde primitif dans ses rapports avec les formations geologiques et la flore du monde actuel, Paris, J.B. Baillière et fils, 1869-1874. Paleobotany, color collections, The composition showcases a diverse array of botanical illustrations focused on the leaves, seeds, and flowers of various dicotyledonous plant species. Detailed depictions of different leaf shapes and sizes are arranged systematically, highlighting their unique venation patterns and contours. Accompanying the leaves are illustrations of seeds and floral structures, emphasizing the reproductive aspects of these plants. Each element is labeled with precision, contributing to an educational resource that illustrates the complexity and variety found within the dicotyledon group in the plant kingdom. The layout and styling reflect the meticulous nature of botanical studies, showcasing both scientific inquiry and artistic representation.

Le Stoechas.. Regnault, Nicolas-François, 1746-1810. Prints, Scientific illustrations, Botanical illustrations. 1774. General Research Division. Plants, Botany

Styphelia nesophila (de Candolle) Sleumer, 1895, United Kingdom, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Hybanthus monopetalus (Roemer & Schultes) Domin, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Elements of Botany London, Printed for the Author by J. Whiting, 1812. Botany Flowers Stems Leaves Bulbs Roots, A series of intricate illustrations showcasing various root structures and formations. The first section features multiple fine, fibrous roots branching out in different directions, demonstrating the complexity of root systems. Following that, a depiction of a more robust root network reveals thicker, interconnecting roots that appear to support a plant's stability. Another illustration highlights a root with a unique, bulbous growth, possibly indicating a storage function. Additionally, theres a depiction of a coiled root system, showcasing its adaptability. The last illustration captures a detailed view of root nodes, suggesting points of water and nutrient absorption. Each structure is meticulously labeled, offering insights into the diversity and functionality of root anatomy in plants.

Illustrations of the genus Carex, London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867, carex, identification, pictorial works, sedge, The illustration features the plant known as C. lenticularis, prominently displayed with tall, slender stems and clusters of elongated flowers at the top. Below the main illustration, various detailed depictions of the plant's parts are arranged in a numerical sequence, including seeds, leaves, and seed structures. Each labeled section offers a closer look at the distinct features of the plant, emphasizing its botanical characteristics and morphology for educational purposes. The overall composition highlights the intricate details of the plant's anatomy, making it a valuable resource for botanists and nature enthusiasts alike.

Historic illustration, tablet 19, title Pennatulida, Sea Pens, name Pennatula, Stylatula elegans, Virgulariidae family, coral stem, Ernst Haeckel, Kunstformen der Natur, "Artforms of Nature"

Cynometra ramiflora Linnaeus, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum. Monachii et Lipsiae Munich & Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg, 1840-1906, Brazil, Germany, engraving, botany, 1840, uncolored, botanists, pictorial works, graphic media, The illustration features the Zygopetalum orchids, specifically detailing two species: L. maxillare and H. Sellowii. The main plant is depicted with elongated leaves and flowering stems, showcasing delicately structured blossoms. Surrounding the central depiction are smaller illustrations providing close-up views of various stages of the orchid's lifecycle, including buds and opened flowers, as well as anatomical details like the flower's lip and column. This botanical study emphasizes the intricate shapes and forms characteristic of the Zygopetalum genus, highlighting the beauty and complexity of these orchids.

Nova genera et species plantarum, Antverpiae, Ex officina Christophori Plantini, 1576, botany, classification, pictorial works, plants, scientific expeditions, South America, A botanical illustration showcasing the plant species Chapallia peruviana. The main illustration features the plant with its distinctive leaves and flowering structure. Below, detailed sketches depict various parts of the plant, including its leaf shapes and floral components, providing a comprehensive view of its morphology. The overall presentation highlights the intricate features and beauty of this botanical specimen, emphasizing the various forms of the leaves and flowers that characterize the species.

Hybanthus monopetalus (Roemer & Schultes) Domin prints, copper engravings, line engravings

Flora Parisiensis Paris, P.F. Didot, 1776-1783, plants, Paris, France, mare's tail, Hippuris vulgaris, The New York Botanical Garden, pictorial works, Hippuris vulgaris, A detailed botanical illustration showcasing a plant known as Hippoctenium vulgare. The image features a slender stem with multiple needle-like leaves arranged in a spiral pattern along the length of the stem. Positioned beside the main plant, there are two labeled vertical sections, denoted as B and C, which likely indicate the structure of the stem. A small seed or fruit, marked as D, is also illustrated at the bottom, providing insight into the reproductive aspect of the plant. Each element is carefully rendered to highlight the unique characteristics of this species.

Water caltrop or water chestnut, Trapa natans. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Corsi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin junior, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

An engraving depicting a specimen of Iris Florentina - one of the sources of orris root powder used in perfumes and medicines. Dated 19th century

Spongiologische Beiträge, Leipzig, C. F. Winter'sche, 1892, sponges, A delicate coral specimen, identified as Foliolina Lendenfeldi, displays intricate branching and textured patterns that showcase its unique morphology. The specimen is mounted against a dark background, emphasizing the fine details and structural complexity of its anatomical features. The composition highlights the organic shapes and forms characteristic of marine life, inviting exploration into the wonders of oceanic biodiversity.

An engraving depicting Batatus Edulis (sweet potatoes). Dated 19th century

Biologia Centrali-Americana London, 1879-1915 archaeology, botany, central America, description and travel, scientific expeditions, zoology, plant, This detailed botanical illustration features multiple views of the Sedum cuprescens plant. The artwork includes several branching stems adorned with slender, succulent leaves, showcasing the plant's unique structure. Each labeled section presents different aspects of the plantranging from flowering parts to root formationsproviding an informative look at its anatomy. The intricate linework highlights the texture and form of the leaves and flowers, emphasizing the delicate nature of this species.

Calademia Specimens, 17 October 1928, by Henry Matthews.

Print made by a leaf making contact with sensitised photographic paper. Dated 19th Century

Print at the top right labeled: p. 458.

Pimpernell. Anagallis terrestris mas.. Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1700-1758. Prints, Botanical illustrations. 1739. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plants, Herbs

LIBRO CYPERACEAS-LAMINA 75. Author: CELESTINO MUTIS (1732-1808). Location: JARDIN BOTANICO-DIBUJOS. MADRID. SPAIN.

n. Robert "Variae ac...", 1660: engraving

Mitrasacme stellata R. Brown, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

A broomrape plant (Orobanche caerulea) with an associated insect and its anatomical segments. Coloured etching, c. 1831.

Traite de paleontologie vegetale, ou, La flore du monde primitif dans ses rapports avec les formations geologiques et la flore du monde actuel, Paris, J.B. Baillière et fils, 1869-1874. Paleobotany, Color Collections, A collection of botanical illustrations depicting various species of dicotyledons. The artwork features detailed illustrations of leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruit, showcasing the diversity of forms and structures within the group. Each specimen is meticulously labeled with corresponding numbers, identifying different parts of the plants. The layout highlights intricate vein patterns in the leaves and the unique characteristics of each species, providing a comprehensive visual reference for study and identification in the field of botany.

Eel vibrio, Vibrio anguillula, microscopic worms. Illustration drawn and engraved by George Shaw. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from George Shaw and Frederick Nodder's "The Naturalist's Miscellany," London, 1800.

Chylocladia kaliformis (in fruit). Photographs, Photograms. 1850-12. Spencer Collection. Plants in art, Algae , Great Britain, Photography

Plankton, Surirella striatula, Surirella striata. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Corsi, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Lichens: coral lichen, Cladia retipora 1, cup lichen, Cladonia perfoliata 2, Cladonia cervicornis ssp. verticillata 3, Cladonia squamosa 4, Cladonia fimbriata 5, Cladoniaceae species 6, tree lungwort, Lobaria pulmonaria 7, Physcia stellaris 8, Melanohalea olivacea 9, greenshield lichen, Flavoparmelia caperata 10, and Anaptychia crinalis 11. Chromolithograph by Adolf Glitsch from an illustration by Ernst Haeckel from Art Forms in Nature, Kunstformen der Natur, Liepzig, Germany, 1904.

An amputated nerve and artery, lettered for key. Coloured stipple etching after J. Bell, c. 1810 ().

Haematopota italica, Haematopota grandis, Mersey Island Clegg fly, and juncus rush, Juncus coenosus. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by John Curtis for his own "British Entomology, being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland," London, 1834. Curtis (17911862) was an entomologist, illustrator, engraver and publisher. "British Entomology" was published from 1824 to 1839, and comprised 770 illustrations of insects and the plants upon which they are found.

Pterocaulon sphacelatum (Labillardiere) Bentham & Hooker ex F. Mueller, by Sydney Parkinson. Gift of the British Museum, 1895.

Helianthea osculans (Buff-tailed Star-Frontlet). Medium: hand-colored lithograph. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: W. Hart.

An engraving depicting Respiration of plants: Oxygen released by plant displacing water under a bell-jar 1874

Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. London, Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942, Botany, Great Britain, Periodicals, Plants, This illustration showcases various botanical structures associated with the genera Rhipidosiphon and Callipsyma. It features detailed depictions labeled with numbers for identification. Various forms include simple and branched filaments, segmented structures, and intricate leaf-like formations, highlighting the diversity of these algae. Each section is meticulously rendered, emphasizing the unique characteristics of these organisms, which are important for understanding their classification and morphological traits in the study of botany.

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