Crusades and Historical Figures

Depictions of pivotal moments in history such as Crusades and the burial of kings, highlighting the significance of religion in medieval conflicts.

Painting depicting the martyrdom of Saint Eulogius of Córdoba

The 1906 caption reads: PETER THE HERMIT PREACHING THE FIRST CRUSADE.The crusades were started by Peter the Hermit, a holy man who returned from Jerusalem and spoke at a great Church Council held at Clermont in France, 1095. He told of the sufferings of Christians in the Holy Land and urged the warriors to win back the Sepulchre of Christ from the Mahometans. "God wills it!" cried the Pope, and the whole multitude was seized with religious enthusiasm, and enrolled themselves under the banner of the cross. Peter the Hermit (c. 10501115), ascetic and monastic founder, considered one of the

The burial of King Ethelbert of Kent c A.D.552 -616 From the book The Church of England A History for the People published c.1910

Phoenician sailors trading goods and slaves in a Mediterranean port. From a print dating from the 1880's.

The Black Prince at the body of the Battle of Crí Cy on August 26, 1346, the starting point of the Hundred Years of War, King Johann von Böhmen, Johann von Luxembourg * August 10, 1296 in Luxembourg 26, 1346 in Crí Cy, also Johann von Bohemia, later called Johann the Blind, was king of Bohemia, Count of Luxembourg and Titulkönig by Poland, historically, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century template, around 1890, Record Date Not Stated

Catalunya. Recibimiento de Cristóbal Colón en Barcelona a su regreso de América. Grabado de 1860.

The Gaulish chief Brennus invades Rome in 390 BC after Battle of the Allia. Romans attempted to buy their salvation with gold From the book Harmsworth History of the World published 1908.

Painting depicting the martyrdom of Saint Eulogius of Córdoba

The early 1900s caption reads: "MARY OF HUNGARY RESCUED BY THE VENETIANS.-In one of the troublous ages of Hungary, its queen, Mary, was seized by some of her rebellious subjects and imprisoned. Her mother was slain before her eyes, and she herself was only finally rescued by the Venetians under their captain, John Barberigo, who stormed the castle in which she lay. Our artist has chosen the moment when the heroic knight, panting with his exertions, has just burst down the door of the cell, from which issues the captive queen, pale and wan, with dangling chains." .

'The president of the United States inducing the hostile tribes to shake hands', 1858. Artist: Unknown

History of Spain. Middle Ages. Crusade against the Moors. Engraving by Antonio Roca. Las Glorias Nacionales. Volume III, Madrid-Barcelona edition, 1853.

The Flagellants. Heretical sect that arose in Italy in the 13th century. Their ideas were that salvation could be achieved by individual merit, without any intervention by the Catholic Church. It was also sufficient to take part in penitent processions to be absolved of sins. Heresy of the Flagellants. The Latin inscription on the standard carried by the Bishop of Hippo reads: "They sacrifice to the demon and not to God". Engraving by Huyot and J. Petot from a miniature of "The City of God" by Saint Augustine, 15th century. "Vie Militaire et Religieuse au Moyen Age et à l'Epoque de la Renaissance". Paris, 1877.

This illustration from the early 1900s shows Peter the Hermit preaching the First Crusade. Peter the Hermit ( c.10501115),asceticand monastic founder, considered one of the most important preachers of the FirstCrusade. He was also, with Walter Sansavoir, one of the leaders of the so-called Peoples Crusade, which arrived in the East before the main armies of the First Crusade.

The 1906 caption reads: "Empress Cunegunde enduring ordeal by fire. Henry II had a wife as pure and truly religious as himself. Yet enemies accused her of crime and she had to undergo what was called the Ordeal by Fire. This was a test of innocence in which ploughshares were heated redhot and the accused walked across them barefoot; the superstitious idea that if she were innocent she would escape unharmed. We are assured that Cunegunde passed triumphantly through the test." The year was around 1000 AD

Farmers on the steps of St Peter's Basilica, Vatican. Rome. Italy, drawing by Alphonse de Neuville (1835-1885) Holy Week in Rome, 1863 by Ludovic Celler (1828-1909) Le Tour du Monde 1867

ORDENES MILITARES DE LA EDAD MEDIA. s. XII. De izquierda a derecha: caballeros de la ORDEN DEL TEMPLE, de ALCANTARA, de SANTIAGO y de CALATRAVA. Grabado del s. XIX.

The Parable of the Lost Sheep, New Testament, steel engraving 1853, digitally restored

Catalunya. Gala Placidia (388-450) y Ataúlfo (372-415), rey de los visigodos, en Barcelona en el año 410. Grabado de 1920. Author: Ferran Xumetra.

Philippe I 1052 to 1108 and Pope Urban II c.1035 to 1099 rally followers for the First Crusade in 1095 from Histoire de France by Colart published circa 1840

HENRY I. RECEIVING THE HOMAGE OF VASSAL CHIEFS.

Massacre of Jews at Berezowka Date: May 1881

FIRST CRUSADE Peter the Hermit travels through Europe on an ass, inciting men to join the crusade against the Turkish occupation of Jerusalem. Date: 1094

Saint Symphorian of Autun. Wood engraving by A.F. Pannemaker.

The Queen of Sheba, palace, throne, courtiers, pomp, hall, couch, peacock, biblical figure, incense, Old Testament, 10th century BC, history, historical illustration 1894

A Corpus Christi procession in the 18th century

Illustration depicting a Mandarin bureaucrat facing trial. Dated 19th Century

Henry III (1379-1406). Called Henry the Sufferer. King of Castile and Leon. The King imparting justice. Engraving in Spain Illustrated History, 19th century.

St. Baldom is given the consecration of the Sacred Geodesy, Bishop of Lyons, Saint Walomar or Baldomer / Der heilige Baldomer erhält vom heiligen Geodrich, Bischof von Lyon, die geistliche Weihe, Sankt Waldomar oder Baldomer, , historisch, C:CC5historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

'Scene of Recruitment under Mohammed-Ali', 1881. Artist: Wilhelm Gentz

Henry the Fowler, 1st king of the Ottonian dynasty observing to Matilda of Ringelheim in Herford Abbey. (your futur wife). 10th century.

Defoe in the pillory, Daniel Defoe, 1660 - 1731, an English writer in the early days of the Enlightenment, the author of Robinson Crusoe, historical engraving, 1883

Christ beaten and mocked before Caiaphas. Etching by J. Callot, 1630.

The early 1900s caption reads: "HUGH CAPET AND THE COUNT OF PERIGORD.Hugh Capet was a great lord of France who seized the kingdom from the degenerate descendants of Charlemagne and established his own family to reign there as long as France had kings. He was king from 987 to 996. He had little real power over the wild barons around him. Once seeking to remind the Count of Perigord of his dependence on the throne, Hugh asked him Who made you count Who made you king defiantly rejoined the haughty count.

Ecclesiastical Council, Illustration from John Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Vol. I from the earliest period to the reign of Edward the Fourth, Cassell, Petter and Galpin, 1857

The Arrest of Jesus Christ, Jesus is taken to the High Priest Anne. Illustration for The life of Our Lord Jesus Christ written by the four evangelists, 1853

Luther denouncing the Romish Ritual, Illustration from the Book, "John Cassels Illustrated History of England, Volume II", text by William Howitt, Cassell, Petter, and Galpin, London, 1858

Gustave Doré; The Slaughter of the Sons of Zedekiah by the King of Babylon (2 Kings Ch 25 v1-7); Black and White Engraving

The Syriac Maronite Church with their olive tree ceremony

event Wartburg Festival 18.10.1817 burning books German students engraving Ernst Hottenroth (1872-1908) Wartburg castle Eisenach,

Procession of the Goddess of Reason, 10 November 1793.Engraved by Meyer-Heine after Renaud.From ""Histoire de la Revolution Francaise"" by Louis Blanc.

religion christianity Jesus Christ scene Jesus entering Jerusalem wood engraving by Gustave Dor_ circa 1865,

Engraving of the Baptism Clovis I (446-511) first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler.

HINDOO DANCERS, OR CULHACKS, INDIA

FITZ-ARTHUR FORBIDDING THE BURIAL OF WILLIAM

Nebuchadnezzar murders the children of Zidekiah, 2nd Book of Kings, murder, kill, temple, steps, soldiers, dagger, weapons, Bible, Old Testament, historical illustration

The Syriac Maronite Church with their olive tree ceremony

A friar giving food to lame people and to a mother and her two children. Etching by B. Pinelli, 1809.

Daniel, Bible, chapter 13, verse 62, justification of Susanna, court, justice, trial, assembly, law of Moses, Susanna innocently spoken, acquittal, lie, indignation, excitement, anger, interior, religion, steel engraving Doré, Old Testament, historical illustration 1885

St. Benedict reproaches Totila with having deceived him, and predicts his death

Engraving depicting Pope Alexander III and the Doge of Venice. Dated 12th Century

The pious and learned Mr John Philpot praying at the place of his martyrdom in Smithfield, London. Engraving from c 1780 edition of The New Book of Ma

Vasco da Gama's introduction to the Zamorin, India, 1498, (1847). Artist: Robinson

Vintage antique illustration and line drawing or engraving of biblical story about king David playing music, dancing and celebrating God with people.From Biblische Geschichte des alten und neuen Testaments, Germany 1859.2 Samuel 6.. Vintage Drawing of Biblical Story of King David Dancing and Celebrating God With People

Teutobod, Theudobod was a Germanic king, his capture by the Roman legionaries, History of Ancient Rome, Roman Empire, Italy, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, Europe

Paris of Lake Tanganyika. A bazaar in Aden, vintage engraved illustration. Journal des Voyage, Travel Journal, (1880-81).

King Solomon welcoming the Queen of Sheba. I Kings10:2. From Gustave Dore's illustrated "Bible" 1865-66. Wood engraving

Engraving after William Hogarth (1697 - 1764) from his series, "Hudibras", a poem by Samuel Bulter (16131680), satirising the Cromwellians and Presbyterian Church. Plate X: "Hudibras Encounters the Skimmington".

Rebuilding the temple, Ezra, chapter 3, labourer, craft, crane, tool, boulder, scaffolding, pull, push, Bible, Old Testament, historical illustration

The wedding at Cana in Galilee, John, chapter 2, verse 1, banquet, eating, drinking, feast, table, many guests, Jesus, mother Mary, disciple of Jesus, courtyard, Cana, Christian religion, Bible, New Testament, steel engraving Doré, historical illustration 1885

Arrival of Willibrord in Grond; Arrival of the bishops Wilfridus and Wilibrodus to Vroomen. Willibrord comes together with Wilfred from York () In Grond in West Friesland. A man knelt down for the two bishops.

Capture of ludwig the sacred, Louis IX, born 1214, commonly known as Saint Louis, was King of France, the ninth from the House of Capet, and is a canonized Catholic and Anglican saint, 1880, historical woodcut, England

Forced hair cut to women having sex with Catholic priests, 11th century

William III giving his royal assent to the Toleration Act, 24 May 1689. The Toleration Act 1688 aka the Act of Toleration allowed for freedom of worship to nonconformists. William III, 1650 -1702. Ki

The 1906 caption reads: Baptism of Clovis.Clovis, a chieftain of the heathen Franks, conquered the Roman land of Gaul and named it France. He married a Christian wife Clotilde, and was finally persuaded by her to adopt her faith and submit to baptism. We see the ceremony as it was performed in the ancient cathedral at Rheims by Bishop Remigius. The barbaric warriors of Clovis gather round in amazement; the shaggy chief himself kneels half unwillingly, while above him towers the Christian bishop, summoning him to a new life.

Templars being burnt at the stake. From the book Los Frailes y Sus Conventos published 1854

Frederick III. gives Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini, later Pope Pius II, the poetry wreath, paintings in the Cathedral Library in Siena, 1880, woodcut, Italy, Europe

St Bernard in Italy convincing the Italians to pledge allegiance to the second Crusade 1137. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090 ñ 1153);French abbot and the founder of the reforming Cistercian order.

tradition maypole may dance after illustration book of hours France 15th century historic historical,

The Mass in the Abbey Church of Marmontier, Illustration from John Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Vol. I from the earliest period to the reign of Edward the Fourth, Cassell, Petter and Galpin, 1857

Gaius Julius Caesar (100 BC - 44 BC). Roman politician, general and writer. In 60 BC he established a triumvirate with Pompey and Crassus. Conquered Gaul. Head of the empire an dictator in perpetuity (Dictator Perpetuus). Funeral of Julius Caesar. Engraving by A. Roca. "Historia Universal", by César Cantú. Volume II, 1854. Author: Antonio Roca Sallent (1813-1864). Spanish engraver.

Pocahontas saves Captain Smith's life, 1607 (c1880). Artist: Unknown

Jehu. King of Israel. Assassination of Jezebel commanded by Jehu. Book of Kings, IV. Chapter IX. Gustave Dore drawing. Maurand engraving.

The Parable of the Lost Son. The prodigal son wastes his money. Illustration for The life of Our Lord Jesus Christ written by the four evangelists, 1853

The Parable of the Prodigal Son, wastes all his money, New Testament, steel engraving 1853, digitally restored

Italia. Siglo XVI. Destrucción de las instalaciones de la inquisición en Roma a la muerte del Papa Pablo IV, año 1599. Grabado de 1864.

Vintage antique illustration and line drawing or engraving of biblical Israelites spoking against Moses, God send poisonous snakes as punishment.From Biblische Geschichte des alten und neuen Testaments, Germany 1859.Numbers 21.. Vintage Drawing of Biblical Story of Israelites Spoken Against Moses, God Send Poisonous Snakes as Punishment

The murder of Hypatia, neo-Platonic mathematician and philosopher, 415 (mid 19th century). Artist: Unknown

Injured Pope Lucius II, Pope from 9 March 1144 to his death in 1145

The emir's head is shown in the seraglio, Fourth Crusade, Crusades were strategically, religiously and economically motivated wars sanctioned by the Latin Church between 1095-99 and the 13th century, Historical, digital reproduction of an original 19th century artwork

Two men are brutally executed for smoking by having their limbs amputated. Murad IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, had banned the use of tobacco, alcohol and coffee. Murad IV, 1612 - 1640. After

Samuel kills Agag, Illustration from the Dore Bible 1866. In 1866, the French artist and illustrator Gustave Dore (18321883), published a series of 241 wood engravings for a new deluxe edition of the 1843 French translation of the Vulgate Bible, popularly known as the Bible de Tours. This new edition was known as La Grande Bible de Tours and its illustrations were immensely successful. Agag king of Amalek was defeated by King Saul. However, Saul failed to execute Agag and allowed the people to keep some of the spoil, and this resulted in Samuel's pronouncement of God's rejection of Saul as king. Agag was then executed by Samuel

The Persian general Mardonius sends delegates to negotiate with the Athenians, hoping to separate them from their Greek allies. But of course they refuse. Date: circa 480 BCE

Engraving depicting the first Rector of Prague University with students of various nationalities attending the university. The Prague skyline is in the background.

Christ carrying the Cross. The Way to Calvary. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Jesus Christ by Veuillot 1890

New Testament. Christ feeding the multitude (Matthew 14:17,18). Engraving by Gustave Dore, 1866.

The Meiningen Antony from the Corpse of Caesar, based on a scene in 1880 by Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Rome, Italy, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact original date unknown, Europe

The ordeal by fire of Saint Peter Damian, c.1007 - 1072 or 1073, was a reforming Benedictine monk and cardinal

Mystery plays, form of representation of religious beliefs practised since antiquity, in medieval Europe, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original

Georgia, " SHOUT, Sisters", 1880, 19th century engraving, USA, America

Woodcut by Urs Graf the Elder depicting Christ presented to the crowd with the words 'Behold the man', showing figures, gestures, and architectural details, created around or after 1506.

St. Paul rescued form the multitude. Paul said, I am man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city... Acts 21:39. Engraving by Gustave Dore. 19th century.

Moroccan customs and traditions carnival in Safi, Morocco, North Africa. Old XIX century engraved illustration from La Ilustracion Española y Americana 1894

Boadicea-1st century British queen of Iceni, standing in her chariot with her weeping, dishonoured daughters, haranguing her troops. Finally overwhelmed by Romans, Boudicca is said to have taken poison. Copperplate engraving 1824

Christ carrying the Cross. The Way to Calvary. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Jesus Christ by Veuillot 1881

Lazio Roma Rome Episcopal Complex (S. Giovanni in Laterano, Baptistery, Cathedral, Cloister)17. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Exterior views of 5th c. baptistery, restored in the 17th c. Interior views of baptismal urn (16th c.), carved walls, ceiling and wall painting; of mosaics and bronze doors in Cappella del Battista; of altar and mosaics in Cappella di S. Venanzio; of mosaic and statue in Cappella di S. Giovanni Evangelista. Architecture, architectural sculpture, sculpture, sculptural fragments, fresco painting, painting, coffering, tiling, stucco. Views 756-886 are of the cathedral. Medieval: Architecture, architectural sculpture, sculptural fragments, architectural fragments, tombstones, mosaics, sculpture, fresco painting, sculptural relief. Object Notes: Hutzel includes guidebook in German on the site. prints matched to negs General Notes: Views 756 thru 886 are of the Baptistery. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s u

An engraving depicting Elizabeth I of England on one of her processions as 6 of her gentlemen carry her in her litter. Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) the last monarch of the House of Tudor. Dated 19th Century

Otto Ehlers, an explorer of africa, presenting black Mandar people to German Emperor Wilhelm, historical illustration, wood engraving, about 1888

Hezel of Hildesheim (1025-1079). Bishop of Hildesheim. Hezilo inciting his supporters to the fight. Engraved by A. Cross in Germania, 1882.

Rector of Prague University and Scholars from different Nations circa 15th century From Science and Literature in The Middle Ages by Paul Lacroix published London 1878

The Confession, (1885).Artist: Bernard Picart

Re-building of the Temple in Jerusalem, Illustration from the Dore Bible 1866. In 1866, the French artist and illustrator Gustave Doré (18321883), published a series of 241 wood engravings for a new deluxe edition of the 1843 French translation of the Vulgate Bible, popularly known as the Bible de Tours. This new edition was known as La Grande Bible de Tours and its illustrations were immensely successful. The accession of Cyrus the Great of the Persian Empire in 559 BCE made the re-establishment of the city of Jerusalem and the rebuilding of the Temple possible.

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