Historical Female Actors' Portraits

Vintage portraits of actresses from the 19th century, captured in formal attire, each radiating elegance and reflecting the era's fashion.

Portrait of Georgette Stevens, actress at the theater of varieties in 1865. ULric Grob. Portrait of Georgette Stevens, Actress at the theater of varieties in 1865. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Adele Henriette Balthazar (actress) Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Portrait of Adele Henriette Balthazar (actress). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Georgette Stevens, actress at the theater of varieties in 1865. ULric Grob. Portrait of Georgette Stevens, Actress at the theater of varieties in 1865. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Eug�nie Martin, actress at the theater of varieties. ULric Grob (Active between 1860 and 1900). Portrait of Eug�nie Martin, actress at the theater of varieties. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Patti Carlotta, (1840-1889), (lyric singer, elder sister of Adelina Patti) Portrait of Carlotta Patti (1840-1889), Lyrical singer, Adeel Sister of Adelina Patti. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Spellier, Actress at the Thétre du Gymnasium in 1872. Portrait of Spellier, Actress at the Gym Theater in 1872. Business card (front). Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Carolina Eugenie de Ribeaucourt, actress of theater between 1863 and 1873. Portrait of Carolina Eugenie de Ribeaucourt, theater actress between 1863 and 1873. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Prarbal (Actress) Portrait of Prarbal, actress. Business card (front). Photograph of anonymous. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Lovato Marie-Ad�le, (1844-), (Actress) Portrait of Marie-Ad�le Lovato (born in 1844), actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Adeline Blanche Pierson, (1842-1919), (actress) Portrait of white Adeline Pierson (1842-1919), actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Bertin, White, (Actress) Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Portrait of Bertin, white, (actress). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait the open-sake of actress. André Dédéri (1819-1889). Portrait of Oppenheim, Actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Marie Samary, (wife of Mr Esquier, an eldest sister of Jeanne Samary), actress Portrait of Marie Samary, (wife of Mr Esquier, an eldest sister of Jeanne Samary), actress. Business card (front). Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Morando, Dancer at the Opera. Portrait of Morando, Dancer at the Opera. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Leontine Fromentin (L. Devaux), (1840-1887), (Actress) Portrait of Leontine Fromentin (L. Devaux), (1840-1887), actress. Photograph of Andr� Adolphe Eugene Disderi (1819-1889). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Before 1887-1887.

Portrait of Granzow or Granzoff, (dancer) Portrait of Granzow or Granzoff, Dancer. Business card (front). Photograph of Antoine Rouge, said Tony (active between 1867 and 1871). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Melita, Actress at the Th��tre du Palais Royal in 1875 and at the Th��tre du Vaudeville in 1874. Portrait of Melita, Actress at the Royal Palace Theater in 1875 and at the Th��tre du Vaudeville in 1874. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. Before 1872.

Portrait of Clementine Schmidt, (-1906), (actress) Numa Blanc (Labarthe White Prosper Numa, says). Portrait of Clementine Schmidt, (dead in 1906), actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Salinskof, (actress) Erwin Brothers. Portrait of Salinskof, actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Georges Marie, (actress) Portrait of Georges Marie, Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Goddard Anabella, (English actress) Portrait of Goddard Anabella (English actress). Business card (front). Photograph of Elliott & Fry. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Berthe Martiny, actress between 1868 and 1875. Portrait of Berthe Martiny, actress between 1868 and 1875. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Zerline Gabillon born Würzburg, actress -, Hermann Heid -, photographer

Portrait of Levielly or Livielly, (singer) Portrait of Levielly or Livielly, singer. 1860-1890. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Photograph of Numa Blanc (Active from 1854 to 1870).

Portrait of Gilbert Elvire or Caroline, (Actress) Portrait of Gilbert Elvire or Caroline, Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Miss Lafleur or Floral, (Actress) Portrait of Miss Lafleur or Floral, Actress. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Visit card. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Morel, Barrondière in 1871. Portrait of Morel, Barrondière in 1871. Photograph of Ernest Charles Appert (1830-1890). Draw on albuminum, 1871.

Portrait of Pauline (actress, dancer) Portrait of Pauline, Actress and Dancer. Business card (front). Otto & proud photography. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Louise Michaeli, sitting actress, Gösta Florman, 1855 - 1875 photograph. cabinet photograph This photo is part of an album. Stockholm cardboard. photographic support albumen print historical persons - BB - woman. portrait of actor, actress

Portrait of Celestine Galli-Married (Born Married, Wife Galli), (1840-1905), (lyrical singer) Portrait of Celestine Galli-Married (married born, wife Galli), (1840-1905), (lyrical singer). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Bernhardt, Jeanne, (1851-1901), (actress) Ferdinand Mulner (1817-1891). Portrait of Bernhardt, Jeanne, (1851-1901), (actress). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Delvalley, (born C�line Cher�), (actress) Portrait of delvalley, (born C�line Cher�), actress. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Mrs. Gregory Alphonse, (Born Esther Cadet), (1845- 1906), (Actress) Portrait of Madame Gregory Alphonse, born Esther Cadet (1845- 1906), Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Fr. Roux. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Valentine, Actress Portrait of Valentine, actress. Business card (front). Photography of Ulric Grob. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Mrs. Letourneur, (dancer) Portrait of Mrs. Letourneur, Dancer. 1860-1890. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Groom Irma, (Sister of Galli and Paola Married), (Actress) Portrait of Married Irma, Sister of Galli and Paola Married, Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of maudu (de), soprano singer at the opera in 1872. Antoine Rouge, said Tony (active between 1867 and 1871). Portrait of maudu (de), soprano singer at the opera in 1872. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Perrot Marthe (), (Actress) Portrait of Marthe Perrot, Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Eugene Disderi (1819-1889). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of the princess of Sagan, (wife of Charles Guillaume de Talleyrard-Périgord) Augustine Aimé Joseph The Younger. Portrait of the princess of Sagan, (wife of Charles Guillaume de Talleyrard-Périgord). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Miss Keinz, from the Actors and Actresses series (N145-8) issued by Duke Sons & Co. to promote Duke Cigarettes ca. 1891 Issued by W. Duke, Sons & Co. Trade cards from the set "Actors and Actresses" (N145-8), issued in the 1880s by W. Duke Sons & Co. to promote Duke Cigarettes. There are eight subsets of the N145 series. Various subsets sport different card designs and also promote different tobacco brands represented by W. Duke Sons & Company. This card is from the eighth subset, N145-8. Note that actors' names are spelled differently on cards throughout set and are not dependable for accuracy.. Miss Keinz, from the Actors and Actresses series (N145-8) issued by Duke Sons & Co. to promote Duke Cigarettes 648993

Portrait of rose tea, (18-1912), (dancer, actress) Portrait of rose tea (dead in 1912), dancer, actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Gaston & Mathieu. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of L�ontine Martin, actress at the theater of varieties. Portrait of L�ontine Martin, actress at the theater of varieties. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Theresa, (Emma Thérèse Dite Valadon, wife of Mr Guilloreau, 1837-1913), Comic singer. Portrait of Theresa (Emma Thérèse Dite Valadon, wife of Mr Guilloreau, 1837-1913), Comic singer. Business card (front). Photography of Carjat & Cie. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Juliette Maria Josephine Baratand (actress) Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Portrait of Juliette Maria Josephine Barattand (actress). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Marie-Anne Daudoird, (Marie Anne Giraud, Say, 1831-19), (Actress) Portrait of Marie-Anne Giraud, known as Marie-Anne Daudoird (1831-19), Actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1860).

Portrait of Juliette de Monge, actress at Cluny Theater between 1872 and 1878. Portrait of Juliette de Monge, actress at the Cluny Theater between 1872 and 1878. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890. Photograph of Andr� Adolphe DISDIER Eugene (Active of 1819-1889).

Portrait of Zina Dalty (Actress at the Comic Opera) Portrait of Zina Dalty, actress at the comic opera. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1874. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1860).

Portrait of a woman. Sergei Luvovich Levitsky, photographer (Russian, 1819 - 1898, active Paris, France) about 1864-1867 This photograph sits in an album that intermixes pages of cartes-de-visite with full-page photocollages. Victorian collagists took their photographic materials primarily from cartes-de-visite. Patented by André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri in 1854, the carte-de-visite was easily and inexpensively printed (84.XD.1157.2179). By the 1860s, _cartomania _ had taken hold. It became customary to exchange cartes-de-visite on social calls. These small studio portraits measure 3 ½ x 2 1/8 inches, about the size of a playing card. It is not known whether they removed the photographs from the thick cardstock on which they had been mounted or obtained unmounted prints from the photographer. People also collected cards of the royal family, actors, and politicians (see for example, the image of Princess Christina of the United Kingdom found in this album). A womans collection of cartes-d

Portrait of Alice Grivot, (actress) Portrait of Alice Grivot, Actress. Business card (front). Photography of DISDIER. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Rosine Bloch (1844-1891) (lyric singer) Ferdinand Mulner (1817-1891). Portrait of Rosine Bloch (1844-1891) (lyric singer). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Before 1891.

Portrait of Blanche Montaubry, cousin of the Tenor Montaubry, and Dancer at the Opera between 1861 and 1873. Portrait of Blanche Montaubry, cousin of the Tenor Montaubry, and dancer at the opera between 1861 and 1873. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890. Photograph of Andr� Adolphe DISDIER Eugene (Active of 1819-1889).

Portrait of Leblanc Leonid, (1842-1894), (Actress) Portrait of Leonid Leblanc (1842-1894), Actress. Visit card. Between 1860 and 1890. Photography by Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Marie Rose, (actress) Portrait of Rose Marie, actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Hippolyte Vauvray. Draw on aluminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Rouquet, (actress) Portrait of rouquet, actress. Business card (front). Photograph of André Dédéri (1819-1889). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Gueymard Pauline, (1834-), (Actress, Lyrical Singer) Portrait of Gueymard Pauline (1834-), actress, lyric singer. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Georges, (actress) Portrait of Georges, Actress. Business card (front). Photography of DISDIER. Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Miss Craigen, from the Actors and Actresses series (N45, Type 1) for Virginia Brights Cigarettes ca. 1888 Issued by Allen & Ginter American Trade cards from the "Actors and Actresses" series (N45, Type 1), issued ca. 1888 by Allen & Ginter to promote Virginia Brights, Dixie, Our Little Beauties and Opera Puffs Cigarettes.. Miss Craigen, from the Actors and Actresses series (N45, Type 1) for Virginia Brights Cigarettes 411624

Portrait of Gueymard Pauline, (1834-), (Actress, Lyrical Singer) Portrait of Gueymard Pauline (1834-), actress, lyric singer. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Josephine Panseron (-1890), theater actress between 1868 and 1888. Portrait of Josephine Panseron (died in 1890), actress of theater between 1868 and 1888. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Clarisse Midroy, said Clarisse Miroy, actress of theater between 1840 and 1861. Portrait of Clarisse Midroy, said Clarisse MIROY, theater actress between 1840 and 1861. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890. Photograph of the Erwin brothers.

Portrait of Schneider, (actress) Ernest Ladrey (born in 1880). Portrait of Schneider, Actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of El. Frouard (actress at the theater of varieties) Portrait of El. Frouard, actress at the theater of varieties. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1876-1876.

Portrait of Julia (actress at Ch�telet Theater and dramatic madness) Portrait of Julia, actress at the Th��tre du Ch�telet and dramatic madness. 1860-1890. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Fanny Genat (1831-1902), (dancer, mime, actress) Portrait of Fanny Genat (1831-1902), Dancer, Mime, Actress. Photography of DISDIER. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands. Portrait of wilhelmina in an oval. In the undermaster her title.

Portrait of Madame Williams (Julie Félique Féron, said). actress Portrait of Madame Williams (Julie Félique Féron, said). actress . Photographer of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Rose Mayer, actress at the theater of varieties and the theater of the dramatic madness. Portrait of Rose Mayer, actress at the theater of varieties and the theater of the dramatic madness. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Guillemot, Opera Dancer Portrait of Guillemot, Dancer at the Opera. Business card (front) .Tire on albuminum paper. Between 1860-1890. Photograph of Numa Blanc.

Portrait of Linda, (Gabrielle Th�se Cushion, Say), (Actress) Portrait of Gabrielle Th�se Cushion, called Linda, Actress. 1860-1890. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Adélaïde Zélia Ponsin, (Wife of H. Provost), (1843-1885), (Actress) Portrait of Adelaide Zélia Ponsin, wife of H. Provost (1843-1885), actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of Leonore, (Actress) Portrait of Leonore, Actress. 1860-1890. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. Photograph of Disderi & Cie.

Portrait of G�raldine, (Cl�mentine Boudin, Say), (Actress) Portrait of G�raldine (Clementine Boudin, Say), Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Ernest Ladrey. Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Adeline Enneguier called Markowitz, Actress at the Gym Theater in 1868. Antoine Ren� Trinquart (active between 1859 and 1875). Portrait of Adeline Enneguier Dite Markowitz, Actress at the Gym Theater in 1868. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Eleanora Walter Wilson / Tipton, Gettysburg, Pa.. Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs , pp/liljpaper, pp/liljwoch. Wilson, Eleanora Walter, 1832-1918, Women, 1870-1890.

Portrait of Abingdon, Louise, Charlotte, (Abingdon - Legaigneur), (actress) Alphonse Li�bert. Portrait of Louise Charlotte Abingdon-Legagneur, actress. Business card (front). Draw on aluminum paper. 1870-1890.

Mme. Gadski in 'Lohengrin'

Mme. Carvette nee Bouvet. Leon Crémière & Cie.

Portrait of Perrin, (actress) Portrait of Perrin, Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of a woman. Robert Slingsby, photographer (British, active Lincoln, England 1860s - 1890s) about 1869 This photograph sits in an album that intermixes pages of cartes-de-visite with full-page photocollages. Victorian collagists took their photographic materials primarily from cartes-de-visite. Patented by André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri in 1854, the carte-de-visite was easily and inexpensively printed (84.XD.1157.2179). By the 1860s, _cartomania _ had taken hold. It became customary to exchange cartes-de-visite on social calls. These small studio portraits measure 3 ½ x 2 1/8 inches, about the size of a playing card. It is not known whether they removed the photographs from the thick cardstock on which they had been mounted or obtained unmounted prints from the photographer. People also collected cards of the royal family, actors, and politicians (see for example, the image of Princess Christina of the United Kingdom found in this album). A womans collection of cartes-de-visite v

Portrait of Guerra, (actress) Portrait of Guerra, actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Hanfstaengl, Erwin. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Bell Angela, (Marry Bell Sister), (Actress) Portrait of Angele Bell (Mary Bell Sister), Actress. Business card (front). Photograph of Andr� Adolphe Eugene Dissier (1819-1889). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of desired (actress) Portrait of desired, actress. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Markowitcz, dancer. Gaston, Mathieu & Cie. Portrait of Markowitz, dancer. Business card (front). Draw on aluminum paper. 1860-1890.

Miss H. Terry, from the Actors and Actresses series (N171) for Old Judge Cigarettes 1886-90 Issued by Goodwin & Company The "Actors and Actresses" series of trade cards (N171) was issued by Goodwin & Company from ca. 1886-90 to promote Old Judge, Gypsy Queen, and Temple Bar Cigarettes.. Miss H. Terry, from the Actors and Actresses series (N171) for Old Judge Cigarettes 405035

Portrait of Alice Grivot, (actress) Portrait of Alice Grivot, Actress. Business card (front). Photography of DISDIER. Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Nini, actress. Numa Blanc (Labarthe White Prosper Numa, says). Portrait of Nini, Actress. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Rosine Bernard, known as Sarah Bernhardt (1844-1923), Actress Reutlinger, Charles. "Portrait of Rosine Bernard, known as Sarah Bernhardt (1844-1923), actress". Draw on albuminum paper. in 1872-1872.

Portrait of Dupuis (actress at the theater of varieties) Portrait of Dupuis (actress at the theater of varieties). Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Benard, L�onie, (actress) Portrait of Benard, L�onie, (actress). Business card (front). Photograph of Andr� Adolphe Eugene Dissier (1819-1889). Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Dortet, (Fernande, Camille), (Actress) Portrait of Dortet, (Fernande, Camille), (Actress). Business card (front). Photograph of Erwin Brothers. Draw on albuminum paper. 1870-1890.

Portrait of Ganetti (Actress at the Lyrique Theater and the Comic Opera) Portrait of Ganetti, actress at the lyrical theater and the comic opera. Photograph of Charles Reutlinger. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Dew Eva, (Actress) Portrait of Eva Rosée, Actress. Business card (front). Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

Portrait of white massin, lyrical singer at the comic opera. ULric Grob (Active between 1860 and 1900). Portrait of white massin, lyrical singer at the comic opera. Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Gräfin Pourtalès, Joseph Albert , photographer

Portrait of Sidonie Galopin (Actress at the Cluny Theater) Portrait of Sidonie Galopin (Actress at the Cluny Theater). Photograph of Franck (Fran�ois GOBINET DE VILLECHOLE, says). Business card (front). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Portrait of Lagneau, (actress) Portrait of Lagneau, actress. Visit card. Between 1860 and 1890. Photography by Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880).

Portrait of Dupries (actress with puffs) Portrait of dupres (actress with puffs). Business card (front). Photograph of Charles Reutlinger (1816-1880). Draw on albuminum paper. 1860-1890.

Clara Morris

Mrs. Fox. Samuel Lock & George Carpe Whitfield, photographer (British) about 1864-1869 This photograph sits in an album that intermixes pages of cartes-de-visite with full-page photocollages. Victorian collagists took their photographic materials primarily from cartes-de-visite. Patented by André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri in 1854, the carte-de-visite was easily and inexpensively printed (84.XD.1157.2179). By the 1860s, _cartomania _ had taken hold. It became customary to exchange cartes-de-visite on social calls. These small studio portraits measure 3 ½ x 2 1/8 inches, about the size of a playing card. It is not known whether they removed the photographs from the thick cardstock on which they had been mounted or obtained unmounted prints from the photographer. People also collected cards of the royal family, actors, and politicians (see for example, the image of Princess Christina of the United Kingdom found in this album). A womans collection of cartes-de-visite visually displayed her so

Portrait of Patti Adelina, (Adela-Juana-Maria, Say), (1843-1919), (lyrical singer) Portrait of Adelina Patti (1843-1919), lyric singer. Business card (front). Photograph of L. CREMIÈRE & CIE. Draw on albuminum paper, 1860-1890.

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