Historical Javanese Culture

Illustrations of traditional Javanese figures in elaborate attire, showcasing ethnic diversity and cultural heritage from historical contexts.

Habit of a Moorish priest in 1695., 1757 - 1772., London. Publisher, T. Jefferys. Costume, History, Moors, Clothing & dress, 1600-1699, Men, Clothing & dress, Morocco, 1600-1699, Engravings, Hand-colored

This 1840s illustration shows a Javanese man in court dress. The Javanese people are an ethnic group native to the Indonesian island of Java. With approximately 100 million people, they form the largest ethnic group in Indonesia. They are predominantly located in the central to eastern parts of the island.

Richard F Smith, Cigar Store Indian, c 1936 Cigar Store Indian

An indian snake charmer charming a cobra held by his wife. Gouache drawing.

Nyai; Roi de Barsilly.. 1800 - 1899. Prints. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division. Nobility , Clothing and dress, Kings, Senegal

Native of the island of Vatulele, Fiji, Melanesia. He wears a turban and loincloth and carries a bow and arrows. Naturel de lile Vatou-Lele (Archipel Viti). Handcoloured woodcut by AC and Doms from Auguste Wahlen's Moeurs, Usages et Costumes de tous les Peuples du Monde, (Manners, Customs and Costumes of all the People of the World) Librairie Historique-Artistique, Brussels, 1845.

Piteenee, a young woman of Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia). She wears a white gown, cowrie necklace, feather headdress, and has tattooed limbs. 18-year-old granddaughter of Taiohae chief Gattanewa and Captain David Porters girlfriend. Jeune fille de lIle Madisson. Handcoloured woodcut by A. Vangauberghe after Captain David Porter from Auguste Wahlen's Moeurs, Usages et Costumes de tous les Peuples du Monde, (Manners, Customs and Costumes of all the People of the World) Librairie Historique-Artistique, Brussels, 1845.

Habit of a Moorish priest in 1695., 1757 - 1772., London. Publisher, T. Jefferys. Costume, History, Moors, Clothing & dress, 1600-1699, Men, Clothing & dress, Morocco, 1600-1699, Engravings, Hand-colored

Hand-colored image painted on a thin sheet of mica from a manuscript entitled: 'Seventy-Two Specimens of Caste in India' (Madura, southern India: 1837). The full manuscript consists of 72 full-color hand-painted images of men and women of the various castes and religious and ethnic groups found in Madura, Tamil Nadu, at that time. The manuscript shows Indian dress and jewelry adornment in the Madura region as they appeared before the onset of Western influences on South Asian dress and style. Each illustrated portrait is captioned in English and in Tamil, and the title page of the work includes English, Tamil, and Telugu.

This 1840s illustration shows a Hindu man playing a pena, Pena, also known as Tingtelia, is a mono string instrument falling in the lute category, similar to some of the traditional Indian stringed musical instruments such as Ravanahatha, Ubo or the Kenda, found in various parts of the country.

Indian musician with an earthenware khol drum, wearing a coarse cotton kupra loincloth, jacket and turban. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by an unknown artist from "Asiatic Costumes," Ackermann, London, 1828.

Pusega, daughter of Coba (or Kobé), a chief of the Gqunukhwebe tribe.

Chief Tehong-tas-sab-bee, Black Dog, of the Osage nation with tobacco pipe, tomahawk with scalp-locks, shaved head with dyed-red deer hair crest, moccasins with scalps, and mackinaw blanket. Handcoloured lithograph from George Catlin's Manners, Customs and Condition of the North American Indians, London, 1841.

Shau-Hau-Napo-Tinia, an Ioway chief, holding a tomahawk. The Ioway (Iowa) are a Native American Siouan people who live either in Kansas and Nebraska or Oklahoma.

A priest with a protective cage () covering his head, holding a stick with smoke coming out of a pot attached at the top. Watercolour by an Indian artist.

The Fakir of the long hair

History of Africa. 19th century. Man from the Bateke tribe (upper course of the Alima River). Engraving. El Congo y la Creacion del Estado Independiente de este nombre. Historia de los Trabajos y Exploraciones Verificados (The Congo and the Founding of its Free State. A Story of Work and Exploration), by Henry M. Stanley. Edited in Barcelona, ca.1890. Spain.

Walter Hochstrasser, Cigar Store Indian, c 1936 Cigar Store Indian

Running Man Holding An Assegai in His Right Hand and Four Assegais in His Left. Xhosa warrior with an assegaaa in his raised right hand and four in his left hand, to the left.

Costume of a nomadic Islamic chief and wife, Senegambia, 18th century. A Moorish chief and his wife. After Rene Claude Geoffroy de Villeneuves LAfrique, Paris, 1814. Handcoloured stipple copperplate engraving from Frederic Shoberls The World in Miniature: Africa, A description of the manners and customs Moors of the Sahara and of the Negro Nations, R. Ackermann, England, 1821.

Man in white dhoti, holding spear. 1780 - 1858. Drawings. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Art & Architecture Collection. Occupations , India

Walter Hochstrasser, Cigar Store Indian, c 1936 Cigar Store Indian

A religious beggar. Watercolour drawing by an Indian artist.

An engraving depicting Native American man, California. Dated 19th century

Natives of the three tribes of Galla, southern Abyssinia - Bertu (Barentu Oromo), Boren (Borana Oromo) and Lobo. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Antonio Sasso from Giulio Ferrario's Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World, Florence, Italy, 1843.

A pair of Indian tumblers performing. Gouache drawing.

King of Tahiti, Exotic Costumes from Antiquity to 1800

Girl from the Himalayan mountains, in veil, bodice, and skirt, playing with a parrot. Handcoloured woodcut from Auguste Wahlen's "Moeurs, Usages et Costumes de tous les Peuples du Monde," Librairie Historique-Artistique, Brussels, 1845. Wahlen was the pseudonym of Jean-Francois-Nicolas Loumyer (1801-1875), a writer and archivist with the Heraldic Department of Belgium.

Soorya Surya.. Belnos, S. C., Mrs.. Prints, Illustrations. 1851. General Research Division. Gods, Hindu, Brahmans, Hinduism , Rituals, Prayer , Hinduism, India , Religious life and customs, Implements, utensils, etc., Surya (Hindu deity), Ganges River (India and Bangladesh)

Indigenous tattoed woman from Taiohae, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands. French Polynesia. Engraving by C. Laplante after Miot. Author: A. Rixens & C. Laplante after Miot.

A Bainqui, big chief, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Africa. Heart of Africa Three years travels and adventures in the unexplored regions of Central Africa by Georg August Schweinfurth, 1868-1871

E Boyd, Crucifix, from Vicinity of Taos, 1935 1942 Crucifix, from Vicinity of Taos

Fulani shepherd, vintage engraving. Fulani shepherd, vintage engraving. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10673326

Watercolour on English Paper titled 'Religious Couples' from Thanjavur, Southern India. Dated 1830

Walter Hochstrasser, Cigar Store Indian, c 1937 Cigar Store Indian

Tuko-See-Mathla, a Seminole chief, holding a rifle. The Seminole tribe originated in Florida but now reside in Oklahoma.

A Bohemian Gypsy vendor of soft fruits. She sells her wares in little wicker baskets. These small baskets are attached to the larger basket on her back. Date: circa 1908

This 1840s illustration shows a rajah from Dao. Dao refers to a people in West New Guinea in Indonesia. Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of more than seventeen thousand islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Western New Guinea, also known as Papua, is the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea. Since the island is alternatively named as Papua, the region is also called West Papua. Lying to the west of the independent state of Papua New Guinea, it is the one of the few Indonesian territories to be situated in Oceania. .

A man holding a spear with two puppets () hanging from one end, calls out to someone. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

A Chief of Aneiteum, frontispiece. Illustrations, Prints. 1863. General Research Division. Melanesians, Ni-Vanuatu

Malaysian men's costumes on Ambon Island by Victor J. Adam from Voyage de la Corvette l'Astrolabe by Jules S. C. Dumont D'Urville, 1826-1829, Indonesia 19th century. Engraving.

Mevati, a Kshatriya group who lived in the region south-west of Delhi and were warriors more usually termed Meos. Tashrih al-aqvam, an account of origins and occupations of some of the sects, castes, and tribes of India, 1825.

Traditional traditional costume, clothing, a distinguished gentleman from Ethiopia with armour, bow and arrow, around 1700, copperplate engraving by Caspar Luyken from 1703, digitally restored reproduction from an 18th century model

Gezo, King of Dahomey, 1851. Issued in London by Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. The image depicts elements related to Africa, including hats, clothing and dress, slave traders, and umbrellas. Gezo was the King of Dahomey and passed away in 1858

Man and woman of Nuku Hiva (St. Christian), Marquesas Islands, Polynesia, 1818. Chief and woman in elaborate feather headdress, cloak and robes with basket and stick. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Mary Anne Vennings A Geographical Present being Descriptions of the Principal Countries of the World, Darton, Harvey and Darton, London, 1818. Venning wrote educational books on geography, conchology and mineralogy in the early 19th century.

Costumes of the people of Africa, 18th century. Gonaqua man with bow and arrow, woman in beaded apron and skirts 3, and Xhosa or Zulu man in collar and loincloth with assegai, woman in beaded apron, sheepskin cloak holding a baby 4. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Friedrich Johann Bertuch's Bilderbuch fur Kinder (Picture Book for Children), Weimar, 1792.

Walter Hochstrasser, Cigar Store Turk, c 1936 Cigar Store Turk

Hidatsa warrior wearing ceremonial costume for the Dog Dance.

This 1840s illustration shows a noble from Burma, present-day Myanmar. Myanmar (formerly Burma) is a Southeast Asian nation of more than 100 ethnic groups, bordering India, Bangladesh, China, Laos and Thailand.

Son of Lounga Manndi, Central Africa. Journey across Africa, from Zanzibar to Benguela by Verney Lovett Cameron

Other incarnations of the Hindu god Vishnu. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Andrea Bernieri from Giulio Ferrario's Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World, Florence, Italy, 1844.

A palanquin bearer and wife. Gouache drawing.

Joío I of Kongo, alias Nzinga a Nkuwu or Nkuwu Nzinga, was ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo between 1470-1506. He was baptized as Joío in 3 May 1491 by Portuguese missionaries. Initially, only the king and his nobles were to be converted, but the queen demanded to be baptised. Kongo's royal family took the names of their Portuguese counterparts, thus Joío, Eleanor (or Leanor in some instances) and Afonso. A thousand subjects were detailed to help the Portuguese carpenters build a church, meanwhile the Portuguese soldiers accompanied the king in a campaign to defend the province of Nsundi from BaTeke raiders. The European firearms were decisive in the victory and many captives were taken. Most of the Portuguese later departed with slaves and ivory while leaving behind priests and craftsmen. After this cultural honeymoon, the king's profession of the Catholic faith proved short lived. His life ended in 1506. He was succeeded by his son via the Queen, Afonso I.

Zulu or Xhosa man of Natal, eastern South Africa. Dancing, wearing a feather headdress, long fringed cape, beaded chestplate and apron, holding a single-string gourd bow, uhadi or ugubhu. Sauvage de la Terre de Natal. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by J. Laroque after a design by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur from his Encyclopedie des voyages, Encyclopedia of Voyages, Bordeaux, France, 1792.

Harry King, Cigar Store Indian, c 1941 Cigar Store Indian

Noco Shimatt-Tash-Tanaki, Grizzly Bear, Seminole Chief. In: 'United States and Mexican Boundary Survey. Report of William H. Emory ' Washington. 1857

A street entertainer performing a puppet show. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

Indian tailor and wife. Gouache drawing.

An arrangement of different castes including snake charmer, brick-layer, basket-maker, potter and wives. Gouache drawing.

Mutesa I Mukaabya, Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda, from 1856 until 1884. He was the thirtieth (30th) Kabaka of Buganda

African warrior, c1928. Creator: Unknown.

Frank Gutting, Indian, c 1938 Indian

DA-SC-86-06429. Country: Unknown

Clothing, of modern history, inhabitants of the island of Ceylon, of lks, e tamule, tamyle, then e drummer, e juggler ee actor female role and e local district leader with seer wife, digitally restored reproduction of an original from the 19th century, fashion in India.

Man from the Oromo tribe, Gallas, an ethnic group living in Ethiopia and northern Kenya, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

A Potter in Balabar Cast, from Indian Trades and Castes ca. 1840 Anonymous, Indian, 19th century Indian. A Potter in Balabar Cast, from Indian Trades and Castes 386447

A Hindu ascetic or holy man: standing, playing a tambourine. Watercolour, ca. 1880 ().

The warpaint of the Native Americans. Souix or Pawnee men in full body paint with feather headdresses. Chromolithograph from Eugene Rimmel's Le Livre des Parfums, Paris, 1870.

ANCIENT ASSYRIA Weaponry and armour of Warriors, the King in his court regalia and ready for battle and the costume of his body guard. Date: B.C

Pina - drummer boy in a Buddhist temple, Kandy, Ceylon, 1898. Portrait of a child with a set of double drums secured round his waist. 'Pina, Trommeljunge in Buddha-Tempel'. From "Rund um die Erde" Round the Earth, written and illustrated by C. W. Allers. Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart, 1898

An Indian snake charmer. Gouache painting by an Indian painter.

Warrior from Amhàra, 1851, by Prisse d'Avennes. Published in London by James Madden. The image features a warrior from Amhàra, showcasing elements of Egyptian social life and customs, including spears and shields. Created as a color lithograph

Eugene Croe, Cigar Store Indian, c 1937 Cigar Store Indian

Gungashtuk Gangashtaka.. Belnos, S. C., Mrs.. Prints, Illustrations. 1851. General Research Division. Gods, Hindu, Brahmans, Hinduism , Rituals, Prayer , Hinduism, India , Religious life and customs, Mudras (Hinduism), Ganges River (India and Bangladesh)

A Muslim priest holding prayer beads. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

A Hindu ascetic or holy man: standing, wearing a saffron robe and with a metal rack () placed around his neck. Gouache painting, ca. 1880 ().

Three wealthy Indians sit smoking hookas and a cigar. Coloured stipple engraving by J. Chapman, c. 1809.

An Indian man, maybe selling milk or water, carrying two pots suspended on a pole, on his shoulder. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

An engraving depicting Native American woman, California. Dated 19th century

Sibau Mobang, Chief of the Cannibals, Borneo, circa 1880

A high-ranking Hindu man eating a shrimp, India, authentic, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, exact date of depiction unknown, historical, men in the interior, one drinks tea in a relaxed atmosphere

Soothsayer and his wife standing in a landscape, draughtsman: anonymous, Tanjur, 1790 - 1810, paper, brush, h 323 mm × w 227 mm

Christian priests of Abyssinia. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Antonio Sasso from Giulio Ferrario's Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World, Florence, Italy, 1843.

CAMPESINAS DE PARAGUAY - GRABADO SIGLO XIX. Author: Bertrand.

Peruvians - a family. A book of national types and costumes from the early 19th century. Date: 1818

Indian of the nation of Mandans, plains Indians who lived in semi-permanent villages along the Missouri River in North Dakota. In the 1830's the Mandans were decimated by small pox.

Two men preparing dye for fabric. Watercolour by an Indian painter.

History of Africa. 19th century. The Congo. Portrait of an Iboko native. Engraving. El Congo y la Creacion del Estado Independiente de este nombre. Historia de los Trabajos y Exploraciones Verificados (The Congo and the Founding of its Free State. A Story of Work and Exploration), by Henry M. Stanley. Edited in Barcelona, ca.1890. Spain.

A woman holding a samll hookah (smoking pipe). Gouache painting by an Indian painter.

A Hindu ascetic, or holy man: with two rods piercing his upper arms, and holding a trident in each hand. Coloured stipple engraving, 1828.

America. Mexico. Mexican girl, with "Tolteque-style" robe. 1880. Engraving. Later colouration. 19th century.

Robinson Crusoe and Friday. Date: First published: 1719

A man carrying a pike with daggers. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

In 1592 Kandy became the capital city of the last remaining independent kingdom in Sri Lanka after the coastal regions had been conquered by the Portuguese. Kandy stayed independent until the early 19th century. In the Second Kandyan War, the British met no resistance and reached the city on February 10, 1815. On March 2, 1815, a treaty known as the Kandyan Convention was signed between the British and the Radalas (Kandyan aristocrats). With this treaty, Kandy recognized the King of England as its King and became a British protectorate.

A torch-bearer and wife. Gouache drawing.

Eleven African Tribe Members, Africa

A man carrying a ceremonial object stands next to a tableau of rocks, a camel, decorated headgear and other animals set on an ornate base. Gouache painting by an Indian artist.

Karel a Malay priest at prayer and his wife Nazea. Vintage Lithograph of South Africa, by George French Angas, 1840s

The Muharram Festival, Persia. Artist: Unknown

Three images on one plate depicting elements of pranayama practice 1. Pooruck Pranaiyam (Puraka pranayama) - the inhalation technique; 2. Kumbuck (Kumbhaka) - the retention of breath; 3. Raichuck (Recaka) - the exhalation technique. The date of creation is 1851, with the place being London. The themes include Hinduism, rituals, prayer, and religious life and customs in India, specifically related to Brahman practices

Henry Tomaszewski, Cigar Store Indian, 1938 Cigar Store Indian

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