Historical Scientists Illustrations

Engravings of notable historical scientists, showcasing their contributions to geology, chemistry, and physics from the 18th and 19th centuries.

VOLTA, Alessandro, Count (As 1745-Como, 1827) Italian physicist. Nineteenth-century engraving.

Justus Liebig, from 1845 Justus Freiherr von Liebig, 12 May 1803 - 18 April 1873, German chemist and university professor in Giessen and Munich, developed a manufacturing process for beef extracts / Justus Liebig, ab 1845 Justus Freiherr von Liebig, 12. Mai 1803 - 18. April 1873, deutscher Chemiker und Universitätsprofessor in Gießen und München, entwickelte ein Herstellungsverfahren für Rindfleisch-Extrakte, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert,.

John Stevens Henslow, English botanist, geologist and clergyman, 1861. Artist: Anon

Leonhard Euler, Leonhardus Eulerus, 15. April 1707, 18. September 1783, ein Schweizer Mathematiker, Physiker, Astronom, Geograph, Logiker und Ingenieu...

Justus Liebig, from 1845 Justus Freiherr von Liebig, 12 May 1803, 18 April 1873, German chemist and university professor in Giessen and Munich, developed a production process for beef extracts, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

VOLTA, Alessandro, Count (As 1745-Como, 1827) Italian physicist. Nineteenth-century engraving.

Claude Louis Berthollet (1748-1822) was a Savoyard-French chemist who became vice president of the French Senate in 1804, was the first to demonstrate the bleaching action of chlorine gas and develop a solution of sodium hypochlorite as a modern bleaching agent. France. Europe. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Portraits et histoire des hommes utile by Societe Montyon et Franklin 1837

William Daniel Conybeare (1787-1857) British geologist. The first to describe the ichthyosaurus. From 'Life of Sir Roderick I. Murchison' by Archibald Geikie (London, 1875). Engraving.

Roderick Impey Murchison 1792-1871) Scottish-born British geologist. Defined Silurian system, 1835, Permian system, c1845, and in co-operation with Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873), the Devonian system. Fellow of the Royal Society, 1826. Director-general of the Geological Survey, 1855. President of the Royal Geographical Society, 1843. From 'Life of Sir Roderick I. Murchison' by Archibald Geikie (London, 1875). Engraving.

Richard Pearson, 1765 - 1836. English physician and author of many medical treatises.

Jean-Baptiste Boussingault (1802-1887), French scientist and agricultural chemist. Engraving, 1873.

Dr. Magendie, who died in Paris October 11, 1855. Francois Magendie was a French physiologist. Engraving

WATT, James (Greenok 1736-Heathfield, 1819). Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer. Nineteenth-century engraving.

WILLIAM SPENCE entomologist, vice-president of the Royal Society/ Date: 1783 - 1860

RICHARD PHILLIPS chemist, fellow of the Royal Society Date: 1778 - 1851

Illustration showing James Murray (physician) (1788-1871), Irish physician and creator of the medication known as milk of magnesia

George Simon Ohm (1787-1854), German physicist, c1906. The Standard International unit of electrical resistance (the ohm) is named for him. From A travers l'Electricite (About Electricity), Georges Dary, (Paris, c1906). Engraving.

Portrait of Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564) a Flemish/Netherlandish anatomist, physician, and author of books on human anatomy. Dated 16th Century

William Daniel Congeare 1787-1857, British geologist. The first to describe the Ichthyosaurus. From the life of Sir Roderick I. Murchison by Archibald Geikie London, 1875. Copper engraving., Historically, digitally restored reproduction of a template from the 19th century, Record date not stated

Portrait of Miguel Colmeiro y Penido (Santiago de Compostela 1816 - Madrid 1901) Spanish botanist, member of the Royal Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, Spain. Old XIX century engraved illustration from La Ilustracion Española y Americana 1890

Eli Whitney (1765-1825) American inventor and manufacturer, born at Westborough, Massachusetts. Credited with the invention of the cotton gin (1793) to separate cotton fibre from seeds and seedpods, dramatically increasing the amount of cotton that could be processed in a day and so revolutionising the American cotton growing industry. Equally important was his introduction of interchangeable parts, an innovation which led to the growth of mass production in the nineteenth century and the production of cheap goods. From 'The Century Magazine' (New York, 1887).

WATT, James (Greenok 1736-Heathfield, 1819). Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer. Nineteenth-century engraving.

Antoine Alexandre Brutus Bussy (1794-1882) French chemist, physician and pharmacist, born at Marseilles. In 1828, independently of Wohler, Bussy isolated the element beryllium. Engraving from 'Les Merveilles de la Science' by Louis Figuier (Paris, c1870)

Justus Freiherr von Liebig, 1803 - 1873, German chemist who made significant contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, is considered the founder of organic chemistry, Germany/Justus Freiherr von Liebig, German chemist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, considered the founder of organic chemistry, Germany, historically, digitally restored reproduction of an original original from the 19th century, exact original date unknown, subsequently colored

Justus von Liebig (1803-1873). German chemist. Worked on the organization of organic chemistry. Engraving by A. Neumann. "Nuestro Siglo", 1883.

Lacepede, vintage engraved illustration. History of France a 1885.

Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne 1806-1875. The father of modern neurology.

Michel Eugene Chevreul, 31 August 1786, 9 April 1889, was a French chemist, fundamental researcher in the field of fat synthesis, founder of fat chemistry and of the modern theory of colours, Historical, digital reproduction of an original 19th-century master copy

JEAN BAPTISTE DUMAS - 1800/1884 - FRENCH CHEMIST. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

Franz Josef Gall (1758 - 1828); neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Drawing 1851

Robert Brown (1773-1858) Scottish botanist, born at Montrose, Scotland. Botanist on the Flinders expedition to Australia (1801-1805). Librarian to Sir Joseph Banks and on Banks's death he inherited his library and herbarium which was transferred to the British Museum where Brown became first Keeper of the Botany Department. Engraving c1880.

Petin, French balloon engineer and designer of fantastical airships. Woodblock engraving from Louis Figuier's "Les Merveilles de la Science: Aerostats" (Marvels of Science: Air Balloons), Furne, Jouvet et Cie, Paris, 1868.

Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier (1754-1785), French physicist and chemist. Engraving, 1873.

Velpeau, Aldres Armand Louis Marie. (1795-1867), French anatomist and surgeon, inventor of the Velpeau bandage. Engraving, 1867.

Albrecht Daniel Thaer (1752-1828) was a renowned German agronomist and an avid supporter of the humus theory for plant nutrition, polymath and founder of Agricultural Science. Europe. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Portraits et histoire des hommes utile by Societe Montyon et Franklin 1837

Justus, Baron von Liebig (1803-73), German Chemist, Made Significant Contributions to the Analysis of Organic Compounds, the Organization of Laboratory-based Chemistry Education, and the Application of Chemistry to Biology and Agriculture, head and Should

Ludwig Ha_usser (1818Ð1867). Was a German historian. Engraving. "Universal History", 1885.

Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 15 April 1772, 19 June 1844, a French zoologist, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Canon Schmid, author of Easter Eggs, vintage engraving. Canon Schmid, author of Easter Eggs, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1876. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10679769

Jedrzej Sniadecki (1768 - 1836) Polish chemist, biologist, physician and philosopher. Brother of Jan Baptist S.

Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse (1787-1867), German gunsmith, inventor of the needle gun. Engraving, 1873.

Justus von Liebig (1803-1873). German chemist. Worked on the organization of organic chemistry. Engraving by A. Neumann. "Nuestro Siglo", 1883. Colored.

John Dalton, English chemist, 1881. Artist: Unknown

Karl Karmarsch, October 17, 1803 - March 24, 1879, a German technologist and for many years the first director of the Polytechnic School, later to become the Technische Hochschule Hannover / Karl Karmarsch, 17. Oktober 1803 - 24. März 1879, ein deutscher Technologe und langjähriger erster Direktor der Polytechnischen Schule, der späteren Technischen Hochschule Hannover, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert.

Historical drawing from the 19th Century, portrait of Franz Joseph Gall, 1758 - 1828, a German physician and anatomist

Antoine Alexandre Brutus Bussy (1794-1882), French chemist. Engraving, 1873.

The late Mr. Charles Green, the Aeronaut, 1870. Engraving from a photograph by Mayall. 'This ingenious person, who...contributed so largely to the enlightenment as well as the amusement of the public by air-navigation, merits notice beyond that of a mere obituary...In 1821...he made his first ascent in a balloon inflated with coal gas, which he substituted for hydrogen...Between then and 1850, Green made 142 ascents from London...In 1835 Green ascended from Vauxhall Gardens, and remained up during the night...This ascent proved so attractive that, in the following year, Green constructed..

James Cook, 7 November 1728, 14 hemeroplanes triptolemus (1779), was a British navigator, cartographer and explorer, Historical, digital reproduction of a 19th century original

William Smith 1769-1839, English geologist and founder of stratigraphic geology. He gained his knowledge of geological layers during his work as a channel vermet. From Life of Sir Roderick I. Murchison by Archibald Geikie London, 1875. Gravure, historical, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century template, Record Date Not Stated

Peter Dollond (1720-1820) English optician, eldest son of John Dollond. Optical instrument designer and maker who worked with his father and nephew in London. Credited with invention of the triple achromatic lens. Dollond telescopes were used by Captain James Cook (1769) for observing the Transit of Venus, and by Lord Nelson. Engraving after the paintig hy J Hoppner, published 1820.

Samuel Latham Mitchill (1764-1831), American scientist, physician and politician. In 1795 he described the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide (Laughing Gas), five years earlier than Humphry Davy. Engraving, 1896.

Edward Jenner, (1749-1823), invented of the smallpox vaccine by using the less virulent virus of cowpox to stimulate immunity to the related, but more dangerous smallpox virus. Lithograph by Leon Noel de Frey.

Dominique Francois Jean Arago (1786-1853), French astronomer, physicist and politician, c1820. Artist: Delpech

Roderick Impey Murchison 1792-1871 was a British geologist born in Scotland. In 1835 he defined the Silur system, approx. 1845 the Perm system and in cooperation with Adam Sedgwick 1785-1873. Member of the Royal Society 1826. Director of the Geological Survey 1855. President of the Royal Geographical Society 1843. From the life of Sir Roderick I Murchison by Archibald Geikie London, 1875. Copper engraving.

George Biddell Airy (1801-1892) English astronomer and geophysicist. Astronomer Royal (1835-1881). Woodcut published 1858

Ernst Ludwig Heim, 22 July 1747, 15 September 1834, a German physician, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Eben Norton Horsfod (1818-1893) American chemist and disciple of Liebig. Called 'The father of American food technology'. Discovered Baking Powder. From James Sheridan Muspratt 'Chemistry' (London, c1860). Engraving. Scientist

Eilhard Mitscherlich (1794-1863), German chemist and crystallographer who, in 1819, noted the phenomenon of Isomorphism. From James Sheridan Muspratt Chemistry (London, c1860). Engraving.

Montbel, vintage engraved illustration. History of France a 1885.

Mateu Orfila i Rotger (Maó, 1787-Paris, 1853). Doctor and chemist.

Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, 12 April 1748, 17 September 1836, a French botanist, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Michael Faraday (1791-1867)

Nevil Maskelyne (1732-1711) Brtish astronomer. Fifthe Astronomer Royal 1765-1811.

Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, April 12, 1748 - September 17, 1836, a French botanist / Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, 12. April 1748 - 17. September 1836, ein französischer Botaniker, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert,.

Antoine Laurent Lavousier (1743-1794). French chemist. Engraving, 1917. World History. Later colouration.

William Reid Clanny FRSE (1776 10 January 1850) was an Irish physician and inventor of a safety lamp.

Friedrich Wohler(1800-1882), German chemist, first to obtain metallic aluminium (1827) and beryllium (1828). Date: 1800-1882

Nikolai Nikolaevich Zimin. Lithograph (1812 - 1880) Russian organic chemist.

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (1743-1794) Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology. France. Europe. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Portraits et histoire des hommes utile by Societe Montyon et Franklin 1837

Jean-Baptiste Armand Louis Leonce elie de Beaumont, September 1798 - 21 September 1874, was a French geologist / Jean-Baptiste Armand Louis Leonce elie de Beaumont, genannt elie de Beaumont, 25. September 1798 - 21. September 1874, war ein französischer Geologe, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert,.

Jons Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848) Swedish chemist.

Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, 1st Baronet (1792-1871) was a Scottish geologist who first described and investigated the Silurian system. Illustration from an english magazine printed in 1864

Edmond Frémy (1814-1894) was a French chemist. He is perhaps best known today for Frémy's salt, a strong oxidizing agent which he discovered in 1845. Fremy's salt is a long-lived free radical that finds use as a standard in electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Old 19th century engraved illustration from La Nature 1893

Eilhard Mitscherlich (1794-1863), German chemist and crystallographer who, in 1819, noted the phenomenon of Isomorphism. From James Sheridan Muspratt 'Chemistry' (London, c1860). Engraving.

Jons Jacob Berzelius, vintage engraved illustration. From the Universe and Humanity, 1910.

ARTHUR HILL HASSALL Naturalist, chemist, physicist Date: 1817 - 1894

Friedrich Wohler (1800-1882) German organic chemist. Isolated aluminium (1827), synthesised urea (1828), discovered beryllium (1828), and obtained acetylene from calcium carbide. Engraving from 'Les Merveilles de la Science' by Louis Figuier (Paris, c1870).

Gustave Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887), German physicist. Together with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811-1899) he pioneered spectrum analysis, and formulated two laws governing electric networks. From 'The Science Record'. (New York, 1873). Engraving.

Samuel Latham Mitchill (1764-1831), American scientist, physician and politician. In 1795 he described the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide (laughing gas), five years earlier than Humphry Davy. Copperplate engraving, 1896, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, record date not stated

Carl Remigius Fresenius, 28 December 1818, 11 June 1897, was a German analytical chemist, Privy Court Councillor and founder and director of the chemical laboratory in Wiesbaden, SGS Institut Fresenius, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Historical steel engraving from the 19th Century, portrait, John Abernethy, English surgeon and anatomist, 19th Century

Historical illustration from the 19th century, portrait of Johann Franz Encke, 1791 - 1865, a German astronomer, Encke's Comet

Ebenezer Evans (1799-1863), American physician, mineralogist and geologist. Engraving, 1896.

TIBERIUS CAVALLO Italian scientist in England, noted for his work on electricity and magnetism, and for his superb instruments. Fellow of the Royal Society. Date: 1749 - 1809

William Bowman (1816-1892) English Ophthalmic surgeon. Engraving 1884.

CUVIER, Georges (1769-1832). French naturalist. Engraving by A. Closs. Colored.

Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1726) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author, recognised as one of the greatest mathematicians, physicists, and most influential scientists of all time. He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica established classical mechanics. UK. Europe. Old 19th century engraved illustration from Portraits et histoire des hommes utile by Societe Montyon et Franklin 1837

Portrait of Baron Georges Cuvier, French naturalist and zoologist, 1769-1832. Handcoloured steel engraving by Robert Bell from William Rhinds The Miscellany of Natural History: Feline Species, edited by Sir Thomas Dick Lauder, Fraser & Co., Edinburgh, Scotland, 1834.

Henry Bessemer (1813-1893) English engineer, inventor and industrialist. Among his inventions were the Bessemer steel process and the Bessemer converter. Engraving from Great Industries of Great Britain (London, c1880)

DR A I COFFIN : medical : Pioneer of medical botany who introduced Thomson's ideas to Europe : in 1845 he founded the Association of Herbal Medicine, authored books. Date: mid-19th century

Illustration showing Charles Green (1785-1870), England's most famous balloonist of the 19th century

Charles Lyell, Scottish-born British geologist, 19th century. Artist: Unknown

Charles Lyell (1797-1875) Scottish-born British geologist whose 'Principals of Geology' 1830-33 was highly influential. Engraving after portrait by Richmond.

John Leslie (1766-1832), Scottish natural philosopher and physicist, lecturing, 19th century. Artist: Unknown

An engraving depicting James David Forbes (1809-1868) a Scottish physicist and glaciologist who worked extensively on the conduction of heat and seismology. Dated 19th century

Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle, also Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle, 4 February 1778, 9 September 1841, a Swiss botanist and natural scientist, Historical, digital reproduction of a 19th century original

Sir William Herschel, German-born British astronomer.Artist: E Scriven

Weber, Wilhelm Eduard (Wittenberg, 1804, Gottingen, 1891). German physicist. Nineteenth-century engraving.

Thomas Graham (1805-1869), Scottish chemist who laid the foundations of physical chemistry. From James Sheridan Muspratt Chemistry (London, ca. 1860) . Engraving. British, Historic, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, Record date not stated

Denison Olmsted (1791-1859), American physicist and astronomer, known for his observations of hail, meteors and the aurora borealis. Engraving, 1896.

Benjamin Silliman, M.D., L.L.D., professor of chemistry, geology and mineralogy in Yale College.. 1880. Prints. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection

of 2