Historical Treaties and Assemblies

Depictions of significant historical agreements and royal assemblies, featuring ornate attire, thrones, and gatherings of nobility in various artistic styles.

ALCUIN Anglo-Saxon scholar, consulted by the emperor Charlemagne Date: 735 - 804

Der Vertrag zu Verdun / The Treaty of Verdun, signed in August 843, was the first of the treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, who was the son of Charlemagne, historisch, C:CC5historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

Court of Charlemagne or Charles the Great (742-814). Carolingian Empire. Engraving of Germania, 1882. Color.

Amedeo VI of Savoy establishing the Order of the Collar, known as the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, 1362, drawing by Lodovigo Pogliaghi, from L'Illustrazione Italiana, Year XXIII, No 28, July 12, 1896.

Æthelberht (also Æthelberht, Aethelberht, Aethelberht, or Ethelbert) (c. 560 24 February 616) was King of Kent from about 558 or 560 . Detail from an antique map of Britain, by the Dutch cartographer Willem Blaeu in Atlas Novus (Amsterdam 1635)

Gregory IX (1170-1241). Pope of the Catholic Church (1227-1241). Gregory IX receiving the Decretals compiled by Saint Raymond of Penafort. Engraving by Huyot after a fresco by Raphael in the Stanze of Raphael. "Vie Militaire et Religieuse au Moyen Age et a l'Epoque de la Renaissance". Paris, 1877.

Historia de España. Juramento de Santa Gadea en Burgos. Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (1048-1099), el Cid, toma juramento al rey Alfonso VI de Castilla y León (1047-1109) en 1072. Siglo XI. Grabado de 1872.

The Saxon leader Harold was shipwrecked on the shores of Normandy and given hospitality by the norman leader William the Conqueror. Both were rivals for the throne of England. William made Harold swear and oath of loyalty to him as the heir to the throne of England on a holy book that was resting on an old chest covered by a piece of cloth. Having no recourse to any other action, Harold took an oath. William then whisked away the cloth, revealing small caskets, inside of which were relics of Norman saints. Harold realized he had been tricked - to make such an oath under the most binding circumstances possible. William then let Harold go . Soon after England's king Edward the Confessor died and Harold disregarded his oath and claimed the throne. Soon followed the Norman Conquest. Pictured in this 1912 illustration is Harold with his hand above the caskets, as William looks on from his throne.

Alfonso VI (1040-1109), the Brave. King of Leon, Castile and Galicia. Oath of Santa Gadea, 1072. Alfonso VI and El Cid. Engraving in History of Spain, 19th century. Colored.

The engagement of the Archduke Philipp with Johanna von Kastilien, The Betrothal of Archduke Philip with Joanna of Castile, historically, digitally restored reproduction of a template from the 19th century, Record Date Not Stated

ALCUIN Anglo-Saxon scholar, consulted by the emperor Charlemagne Date: 735 - 804

The marriage of Napoleon III and Eugenie de Montijo in 1853, print. France, 19th century.

THE MURDER OF THOMAS X BECKET.

The Pope sending the young Otto to Barbarossa to negotiate peace, by Iacopo Negretti known as Palma the Younger (1544-1628), fresco. Sala del Maggior Consiglio (Hall of the Great Council), Ducal Palace, Venice.

EDWARD THE CONFESSOR crowned at Winchester by Eadsige, Archbishop of Canterbury Date: Easter Day 1043

EDWARD THE CONFESSOR crowned at Winchester by Eadsige, Archbishop of Canterbury Date: Easter Day 1043

Magistrates Paying Homage to the Young Louis XIII 1605.

Alphonse VI taking the oath during his coronation in Santa Galdea. Madrid, Senate. Author: MARCOS HIRALDEZ ACOSTA (1830-1896). Location: SENADO-PINTURA. MADRID. SPAIN. ALFONSO VI DE CASTILLA Y LEON. RODRIGO DIAZ DE VIVAR (1043-1099) EL CID CAMPEADOR.

Parnell as Macbeth and Dr. Cronin as Banquo's ghost. Colour lithograph by Tom Merry, 1889.

The Doge of Venice (derived from Latin dux, 'leader'), often mistranslated Duke (the Italian word for duke is 'Duca') was the chief magistrate and leader of the Most Serene Republic of Venice for over a thousand years. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. Commonly the person selected as Doge was the shrewdest elder in the city. Contrary to popular belief the doge was not a duke in the modern sense, nor was a doge the equivalent of a hereditary duke. The doge was the senior-most elected official of Venice and Genoa; both cities were republics and elected doges. A doge was referred to variously by the titles 'My Lord the Doge' (Monsignor el Doxe), 'Most Serene Prince' (Serenissimo Principe), and 'His Serenity' (Sua Serenità).

The clergy 1548 1572 Lithography: Salb M. (edition) & Jan Matejko

Lajos (Louis) I of Hungary, nephew of Kazimierz III, is crowned king of Poland at Krakow.

Lothair II, 835, 869, king of Lotharingia, kneeling down before Pope Adrian II

'The Black Prince being made a Knight of the Garter', 1925. Artist: Unknown

Emperor Louis the Pious, 778-840, has to repent kneeling in the church of Saint-Medard in Soissons, 822, historical illustration, about 1886

Jesus disputing with the doctors, 1686

H ESPAÑA-CHAH DE PERSIA RECIBE EMBAJADORES DE ESPAÑA -. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

Investiture of a Knight in the Order of St James, detail from the Altarpiece of St James, attributed to the Master of Lourinha (16th century).

Charles Lavigerie (1825-1892). French missionary and cardinal. Transportation of the relics of St Louis. Cardinal Lavigerie out of the chapel of Saint Louis. Engraving by Man. The Iberian Illustration, 1885. Colored.

Coronation of Charlemagne. Charlemagne (742-814) King of the Franks from 768 and Holy Roman Emperor from 800. France Royalty Nineteenth century Trade Card Chromolithograph

Engraving depicting Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers presenting his book to Edward IV of England. Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers (1440-1483) an English nobleman, courtier, bibliophile and writer. Edward IV of England (1442-1483) King of England. Dated 15th century

Saint Ambrose (c. 340-397). Archbishop of Milan and one of the four original doctors of the Church. St. Ambrose excommunicating the Roman Emperor Theodosius I (347-395) for the massacre of 7,000 persons at Thessalonica in 390, after the murder of the Roman governor by rioters. Colored engraving.

Godfrey of Bouillon was a chief leader of the First Crusade and became a central figure after the brutal conquest of Jerusalem on July 15, 1099. On July 22, 1099, he took over the reign as Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri, protector of the Holy Sepulchre, illustration, reproduction from a 19th-century model. Authentic, file restored for optimal use, exact date of submission unknown, historical

Historia de Catalunya. Compromiso del Conde de Barcelona Ramon Berenguer IV con Petronila de Aragón en 1137. Cromo editado en 1905.

Peace treaty between Richard I of England and Salaheddin, Third Crusade, Crusades were strategically, religiously and economically motivated wars sanctioned by the Latin Church between 1095-99 and the 13th century, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of an original 19th century master, exact original date unknown

Cultural state at the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th century, wedding ceremony, after a woodcut by Hans Burgmeier in the Weiss-Kunig, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of an original from the 19th century, exact original date not known

ARREST OF ARCHBISHOP GEOFFREY IN A MONASTERY AT DOVER

Cardinal Wolsey and the Duke of Buckingham. Engraving in The Universe Illustrated, 1863. Colored.

HAROLD'S OATH ON THE HOLY RELICS.

JOHN SIGNING MAGNA CARTA

Italy - Marche Region - Senigallia in the province of Ancona, Mastai Palace. Pope Pius IX opens First Vatican Council, 1869

The taking of the oath by Edward the Confessor, Winchester, 1042, (1902). Artist: Unknown

Nibelungenlied. Anonymous epic poem. 13th century. Scene depicting Kriemhild requiring the proof of the coffin. Engraving by A. Closs. Germania, 1882. Colored.

Peace agreement between Richard I of England and Salaheddin, third crusade, 1885, historical woodcut, Israel, Asia

Venice, the newly elected Doge walks in procession through the market place, ca 1380, Italy, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th c...

Scene from biblical history, Pope and bishops are central figures of the Catholic Church, authentic reproduction of a school mural, historical, around 1900

Italy, Venice, Scenes from life of Saint Ursula (from Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine) Pilgrims meet Pope in Rome, close-up

Jesus consoles his apostles and promises them the Holy Spirit. Colored Illustration for The life of Our Lord Jesus Christ written by the four evangelists, 1853

History. Middel Ages. Frankia or Kingdom of the Franks. Frankish king, queen, and princes. Engraving. (Later colouration). Iconographic Enclyclopaedia of science, Literature and Art. 19th century. Author: Johan George Heck.

RAIMUNDO LULIO O RAMON LLULL EN EL CONCILIO DE VIENA DE 1311- SUPRESION DE LOS TEMPLARIOS. Location: IGLESIA DE SAN FRANCISCO. Palma. MALLORCA. SPAIN.

The Crusades of Gustave Dore. The baptism of infidels. Ceremony. Engraving, 19th century. Color.

Henry V weds Catherine de Valois

Thomas Becket (cl 118-1170) Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 forbidding the Earl of Leicester passing judgement on him, 1164. Colour-printed wood engraving by James Doyle (1822-1892)

Otto I, called the Red-Haired, was Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death, with the papal legates, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original

The Baptism of Clovis I (466-511), King of the Franks on Christmas Day 508, after a painting by Désiré François Laugée. Engraving from Lives of the Saints by Sabin Baring-Gould published in 1897.

Christ Before Caiaphas 1436-1445 Fra Angelico (1395-1455/Italian) Fresco Museo Di San Marco, Florence

France, Paris, The Coronation of Napoleon, 1807, detail

1st World War, Blessing of Bulgarian volunteers (original pictorial text from 1915, original colouring), Illustration, Reproduction from a 19th century original. Authentic, file restored for optimal use, exact date of original unknown, Historical, In a church a group of armed people prays while candlelight illuminates the scene

Funeral of Walther von der Vogelweide in the minster in Wuerzburg, Bavaria, Germany, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of an original from the 19th century, exact date unknown, Europe

Saint Francis receiving the Stigmata, by Italian painter Giotto (1266-1337), 1295-1300. Detail predella. Pope Innocent III and St. Francis of Assisi. Late Gothic. Louvre Museum. Paris. France.

Ghirlandaio / St.Francis bef.the Sultan

The Disputation in Pleissenburg in Leipzig, 1519, was a decisive dispute between Martin Luther, Karlstadt and Johann Eck, which promoted the Reformation by questioning the authority of the Pope and the Councils and making Luther call the Bible as a last resort, school picture, authentic reproduction of a school mural, around 1911, exact date unknown, historical

canonization of Saint Stephen and Saint Vincent, sixteenth century, painting on wood, Pere Gasco, Sant Esteve den Bas, Garrotxa, Girona art museum, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

France, Paris, The Coronation of Empress Josephine by Napoleon I at Notre Dame

The Coronation of Napoleon(1769-1821) by Jacques-Louis David (1484-1825) in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, 2 December 1804, Paris. 1805-1807. Oil on canvas. Louvre Museum. Paris, France.

Historia. San Ambrosio de Milán (340-397) excomulgando al emperador Teodosio I el Grande (347-395) a causa de la masacre de Tesalónica. Grabado de 1871.

Historia de Catalunya. Muerte y sepelio del rey Jaime I el conquistador en el monasterio de Poblet el 27 de julio de 1276. Cromo editado en 1905.

LE SUEUR, Eustache (1617-1655). The Mass of St. Martin de Tours. 1654. Officiated by the abbot of Marmoutier, after of Rours. Baroque art. Oil on canvas. FRANCE. ëLE-DE-FRANCE. Paris. Louvre Museum.

The Union of Utrecht. The delegates of the Dutch provinces offer Willem van Oranje the Tractaat of the Union of Utrecht, 1579. In the hall of a palace, an old man with beard orange offers a sword on a pillow, another carries the document on a pillow. On the right the soldiers because of the prince with banner and halibbled. Links representatives of the provinces with banners with the provincial weapons.

Marriage of Napoleon and Marie Louise

Martin Luther, 1483-1546). German reformer.Luther at the Diet of Worms. Colored engraving.

The Baptism of the Murom people by Yaroslav of Murom on 1097 by Russian master / State Museum of History and Art, Murom/ Mid of the 19th cen./ Russia/ Oil on canvas/ Russian Painting of 19th cen./ 84x106/ History

King Siegmund of the Netherlands is shown here knighting his son, Prince Siegfried, the famed hero of German mythology.

The Marriage of the Virgin, 1485-1490, fresco detail from Stories of the Virgin, by Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449-1494). Tornabuoni Chapel or Main Chapel, Church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence. Italy, 15th century.

Funeral of St Louis of Toulouse, 1455-1461, by Benedetto Bonfigli (1420-1496), fresco, Priors Chapel, Priors Palace, Perugia, Umbria. Detail. Italy, 15th century.

Galileo Demonstrates First Telescope to the Doge of Venice Sabatelli

Otto III, 980 - 1002, Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his early death

Galilei Galileo (1564-1642) Italian astronomer and mathematician. Artist's reconstruction of Galileo recanting. Wood engraving 1880.

Christ Bearing the Cross - page from the bible by the Reverend John Brown of Haddington (1722-1787), a Scottish minister well know for his theological works. The illustrations in the bible are engravings some of which were hand colored in each copy of the bible.

Christopher Columbus in the Barcelona court of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain in 1493 after returning from his first voyage to the New World. After an artwork of the 1890's.

VARALLO, ITALY - June 2020: the Sacro Monte at Varallo comprises 45 chapels inserted into the large monumental complexes Nazareth, Bethlehem, Pilates house, Calvary, Sepulchre and Parellas house populated by more than 800 life size painted statues, t

France's King Louis XIV is shown here introducing to the court his grandson, Philippe de France, who had the title the Duke of Anjou and was now king of Spain. The Duke's grandmother was Maria Theresa of Austria. The title Duke of Anjou was usually granted to French nobility of the houses of Bourbon and Valois. When the king of Spain died childless in 1700, his will named the Duke of Anjou as his successor. Not all agreed and the wars of Spanish Succession followed. This illustration dates to 1916.

Christ in front of Pilate - Mihaly Munkacsy, 1881

Joseph interprets Pharaoh's dream. The Bible. Book of Genesis. Engraving by Gustave Dore, 1866.

John Balliol surrenders his crown to King Edward of England in a humiliating ceremony at Kincardine Castle, Scotland

L-R: Bishop Maximianus, Justinian, Priest, Phocas (610) and Justinian II (711). Date: 4th to 7th century

David with Goliath before Saul , Fine Art

Guillaume Fillastre. Bishop of Tournai and Chancellor of Toison d'Or Order, with secretary, treasurer and royal arms. Illustration from 'History of Toison d'Or', Netherlands. Circa 1470. Gothic art. Miniature Painting. FRANCE. ëLE-DE-FRANCE. Paris. National Library.

Louis XI at the Chapter Assembly of the St. Michael Order ca. 1469-72 Jean Fouquet (ca.1420-1480 French) Illuminated manuscript Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, France

Scenes from the Life of St Charles of Erection of the Crosses in Milan, by Crespi Giovan Battista known as Cerano, 1602 - 1603, 17th Century, tempera on canvas. Italy: Lombardy: Milan: Santa Maria Nascente Dome Cathedral. Detail. Red mantle/cloak pastoral priest server/clergyman censer raising crosses book candle

Imperial Hall, mural of Heinrich II and wife Kunigunde being crowned by Pope Benedict VIII, Imperial Palace, Kaiserpfalz, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany, Europe

Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich with monks by Anonymous painter, Oil on canvas, circa 1660, Russia, Istra, State Museum of History, 234x180

The coronation of Tsar Nicholas II, May 1896, lithograph. Russia, 19th century.

Urban II at the Council of Clermont announcing the First Crusade in 1095, miniature taken from Traite des Arcades d'outre mer by Mamerot, 15th century French manuscript. Crusades, 11th century.

Becket is confronted by the Earl of Leicester and refuses to seal the "Constitutions of Claredon" drawn up by Henry II to secure total obedience to the crown once more Date: 1164

Frederick II (26 December 1194) (13 December 1250) was an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and King of Sicily. Coronation in the Cathedral of Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, Europe

Pope Pius X crowned in St Peters, August 1903. PIO X.

Illustration to a story, The Wise Lay Brother -- standing with the king, with guards and courtiers in the background. Date: circa 1900

fine arts, Gr™newald, Matthias, birth name Mathis Gothart-Nithart, (circa 1480 - 1528), painting, ""establishment of the Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome"", 1517 - 1519, oil on panel, 179 cm x 91 cm, municipal museums, Freiburg, religion, christianity, Europe, Germany, religious, renaissance, 16th century, snow, miracle, pope Liberius, + 366, pope from 352 - 366, Gruenewald, Grunewald, Gothart, Nithart,

'Luther at the Diet of Worms', 1521, (1890). Creator: Unknown.

Reccared I (559Ð601). Visigothic King of Hispania, Septimania and Galicia (586Ð601). Reccared I renounced Arianism for Catholicism in January 587. The Third Council of Toledo (May 589) served to ratify the abjuration of Arianism of both the monarch and the dignitaries of the kingdom. Conversion of Reccared to Catholicism, by Antonio Mu-oz Degrain, 1888. Detail. Senate Palace. Madrid, Spain.

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