Indigenous Portraits and Studies

Portraits depicting indigenous figures and cultural representations, showcasing traditional attire and artistic styles from different regions.

Standing Khoikhoi woman, draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon, Oct-1777 - Mar-1786, paper, brush, pen, h 660 mm × w 480 mm, h 280 mm × w 169 mm

Bi-éets-ee-cure, Very Sweet Man. oil on canvas. Date: 1832. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Standing Khoikhoi woman, draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon, Oct-1777 - Mar-1786, paper, brush, pen, h 660 mm × w 480 mm, h 280 mm × w 169 mm

Wáh-chees, a Brave. oil on canvas. Date: 1835 or 1836. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

No-o-mún-nee, Walks in the Rain, a Warrior. oil on canvas. Date: 1832. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Sewessissing, Chief of the Iowa Nation (Eowah Indians), North American. Illustration drawn by Charles Hamilton Smith. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Griffith, Harriet or Edward, from Edward Griffith's The Animal Kingdom by the Baron Cuvier, London, Whittaker, 1827.

Native of North America, after Cartias, Bibliotheque Nationale, 1780. Handcoloured steel engraving by Polydor Pauquet from the Pauquet Brothers' "Modes et Costumes Etrangers Anciens et Modernes" (Foreign Fashions and Costumes Ancient and Modern), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

Wah-ro-née-sah, The Surrounder, Chief of the Otoe Tribe. Date/Period: 1832. Painting. Oil on canvas Oil on canvas. Height: 736.60 mm (29 in); Width: 609.60 mm (24 in). Author: George Catlin.

George Catlin, Four Arowak Indians, 1854 1869 Four Arowak Indians

Khoikhoi or Gonaqua woman with a child at the breast, 1777 - 1786 drawing paper. deck paint. ink brush / pen Khoikhoi

Portrait of The White Cloud, Head Chief of the Iowas by George Catlin (1796-1872) an American painter, author and traveller. Dated 19th Century

Won-de-tów-a, The Wonder. oil on canvas. Date: 1835. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Good Hunter, a Warrior. oil on canvas. Date: 1831. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Three Walla Walla Indians. Dated: 1855/1869. Dimensions: overall: 47.2 x 61.8 cm (18 9/16 x 24 5/16 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

Standing Atlante (a Dacian captive), Giorgio Vasari, Italian, 1511-1574, Pen and brown ink, brush and brown wash on paper, Standing bearded and heavily-robed atlas or atlante, a support sculpted in the form of a man intended to take the place of a column or pilaster. His head terminates in Ionic scrolls., Italy, 1800-20, architecture, Drawing, Drawing

Che-tan-ce-ta (Yellow Hawk). Date: ca. 1887. Oil on paperboard. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

A WATER-CARRIER FROM ABD-EL-KURNAH. Egypt, engraving 1879

Wah-chee-háhs-ka, Man Who Puts All Out of Doors. oil on canvas. Date: 1835. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

History of Africa. 19th century. Basoko indigenous. Engraving. El Congo y la Creacion del Estado Independiente de este nombre. Historia de los Trabajos y Exploraciones Verificados (The Congo and the Founding of its Free State. A Story of Work and Exploration), by Henry M. Stanley. Edited in Barcelona, ca.1890. Spain.

Ziet, Hans Joachim von.

Aih-no-wa, The Fire, a Fox Medicine Man. oil on canvas. Date: 1835. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

No-Way-Ke-Sug-Ga, Otoe. Dated: 1842. Dimensions: sheet: 46.99 × 33.97 cm (18 1/2 × 13 3/8 in.). Medium: lithograph in black with watercolor additions on wove paper. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Charles Bird King.

Liqueling, Regent of the Marootzee Nation. Illustrations. 1822. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division. South Africa , Description and travel

San Francisco native, California. United States of America, drawing by Gustave Boulanger (1824-1888) Trip to California, 1859 by Louis Laurent Simonin (1830 - 1886) Le Tour du Monde 1862

George Catlin, Three Omagua Men, 1854 1869 Three Omagua Men

CONSOLATION MONGER. - Md DE CONSOLATION.. Artist: Paul Gavarni, French, 1804-1866

Spotted Tail's Wife. oil on canvas. Date: ca. 1887. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum. PORTRAIT FEMALE.

Káh-kée-tsee, Thighs, a Wichita Woman. oil on canvas. Date: 1834. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Moshesh, 1852, assisted by The Cape Colonial Government, to become a powerful chief, prevailing over the British Arms.

Standing Khoi woman. Draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon. Dating: Oct-1777 - Mar-1786. Measurements: h 660 mm × w 480 mm; h 280 mm × w 169 mm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Colonel Crockett(David). Artist: C. Stuart, American After: John Gadsby Chapman, American, 1808-1889

At-Te-Conse or the Young Rein Deer, a Chippeway Chief James Otto Lewis (American, 1799 - 1858). , issued January 1836. Lithograph with watercolor on paper, Sheet: 12 5/8 x 10 1/4 in. (32.1 x 26 cm). American Art issued January 1836

Danakil Braves, 1845., 1845., London. Publisher, Dickinson and Son

Tóh-to-wah-kón-da-pee, Blue Medicine, a Medicine Man of the Ting-ta-to-ah Band. oil on canvas. Date: 1835. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Wa-Em-Boesh-Kaa. A Chippeway Chief 1838, Indianer, Historische Indianerstämme aus Nordamerika, Charles Bird King 1785 - 1862, Historisch, digital restaurierte Reproduktion von einer Vorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Record date not stated

George Catlin, The White Cloud, Head Chief of the Iowas, 1844 1845 The White Cloud, Head Chief of the Iowas

IRA FREDERICK ALDRIDGE known as 'THE AFRICAN ROSCIUS' American actor plays the part of Shakespeare's Othello. Date: 1805 - 1867

Native of the Papua Islands. From: The Natural History of Man by James Cowles Prichard, circa 1842, by J Bull, Hippolyte Baillière. Gift of Miss E March, 1951.

Three Distinguished Warriors of the Sioux Tribe. Dated: 1861. Dimensions: overall: 46.5 x 61.1 cm (18 5/16 x 24 1/16 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

Wah-kón-ze-kaw, the Snake. Original caption: No. 217 - Naugh-haigh-hee-kaw, He who moistens the wood. From a descriptive catalogue of Catlin's Indian collection, containing portraits, landscapes, costumes, etc., of the North American Indians. London 1848.

Gray Hawk, North American Chief, from the Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers series (N189) issued by Wm. S. Kimball & Co. 1888 Issued by William S. Kimball & Company Trade cards from the "Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers" series (N189), issued in an unnumbered set of 50 cards in 1888 by Wm. S. Kimball & Co.. Gray Hawk, North American Chief, from the Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers series (N189) issued by Wm. S. Kimball & Co.. 1888. Commercial color lithograph. Issued by William S. Kimball & Company

Maori warrior of New Zealand. With hair comb or heru, black and red facial tattoos or ta moko, short cloak, woven skirt, armed with spear and patou-patou ax. Guerrier de la Nouvelle Zeelande. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by J. Laroque after a design by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur from his Encyclopedie des voyages, Encyclopedia of Voyages, Bordeaux, France, 1792.

Tattooed or scarified guards at the door to the Queen's Palace, Tandi, Angola. There are 500 guards, with three at the main door: two seated with clubs, and one standing with spear, bow and arrows. Handcoloured copperplate engraving after Jean-Baptiste Douville from Giulio Ferrario's Costumes Ancient and Modern of the Peoples of the World, Florence, 1834.

'Captain' Coba (or Kobé), a chief of the Gqunukhwebe tribe, wearing the grenadiers helmet given him by Robert Jacob Gordon. Draughtsman: Robert Jacob Gordon. Dating: 11-Dec-1777. Place: Great Fish River (South Africa). Measurements: h 660 mm × w 480 mm; h 376 mm × w 241 mm; h 350 mm × w 227 mm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Pastrana, Julia.

Asseola, Seminole leader of Florida. lithograph by George Catlin ca. 1838

Delhi: a snake charmer. Watercolour by an Indian painter.

Osage Chief with Two Warriors. Dated: 1861/1869. Dimensions: overall: 47.6 x 64 cm (18 3/4 x 25 3/16 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

Red Whip - Atsina. Edward S. Curtis; American, 1868-1952. Date: 1908. Dimensions: 40.1 x 26.2 cm (image/paper); 56 x 45.4 cm (mount). Photogravure, plate 174 from "The North American Indian, Volume 5" (1909). Origin: United States. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, USA. Author: Edward S. Curtis.

Shó-me-kós-see, The Wolf, a Chief. oil on canvas. Date: 1832. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Piro Boy. oil on canvas. Date: ca. 1890-1892. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Nee-hee-o-ee-woo-tis, the Wolf on the Hill, chief of the Cheyenne nation, and a woman, Tis-see-woo-na-tis, She who Bathes her Knees. Handcoloured lithograph from George Catlin's Manners, Customs and Condition of the North American Indians, London, 1841.

THE HEN WITH THE GOLDEN EGGS, BY GUSTAVE DOR. Dore, 1832 - 1883, French. Engraving for Fables by Jean de la Fontaine. 1870, Art, Artist, romanticism, colour, color engraving

Two Weeah Warriors and a Woman. Dated: 1861/1869. Dimensions: overall: 47.5 x 63.8 cm (18 11/16 x 25 1/8 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

George Catlin, Two Ottoe Chiefs and a Woman, 1861 1869 Two Ottoe Chiefs and a Woman

Sha-có-pay, The Six, Chief of the Plains Ojibwa. Date/Period: 1832. Painting. Oil on canvas Oil on canvas. Height: 736.60 mm (29 in); Width: 609.60 mm (24 in). Author: George Catlin.

Sih-Chidä and Mahchsi-Karehde. Dated: 1841. Dimensions: plate: 50.2 x 42 cm (19 3/4 x 16 9/16 in.) sheet: 63.1 x 45 cm (24 13/16 x 17 11/16 in.). Medium: steel-faced copper engraving and aquatint, hand-colored, probably by Bodmer. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Johann Hürlimann after Karl Bodmer.

Ottowa Chief, His Wife, and a Warrior, 1861/1869, oil on card mounted on paperboard, overall: 46.9 x 62.5 cm (18 7/16 x 24 5/8 in.), George Catlin (artist) American, 1796 - 1872

Two Ottoe Chiefs and a Woman. Dated: 1861/1869. Dimensions: overall: 45.4 x 60.9 cm (17 7/8 x 24 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

ZuCchelli, role of Pharaoh in Mosè in Egitto.// The loveseat log of the salons

String, a Renowned Warrior. oil on canvas. Date: 1831. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Young American Horse, North American Chief, from the Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers series (N189) issued by Wm. S. Kimball & Co. 1888 Issued by William S. Kimball & Company Trade cards from the "Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers" series (N189), issued in an unnumbered set of 50 cards in 1888 by Wm. S. Kimball & Co.. Young American Horse, North American Chief, from the Savage and Semi-Barbarous Chiefs and Rulers series (N189) issued by Wm. S. Kimball & Co.. 1888. Commercial color lithograph. Issued by William S. Kimball & Company

19th century Gypsies. From L'Univers Illustre, published Paris, 1859

Ojibbeway Indians in Paris. Dated: 1861/1869. Dimensions: overall: 46.4 x 63 cm (18 1/4 x 24 13/16 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

Standing boy with rod and sitting woman with barrel. Draughtsman: Pieter van Loon. Dating: 1840. Measurements: h 155 mm × w 198 mm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Túnk-aht-óh-ye, Thunderer, a Boy, and Wun-pán-to-mee, White Weasel, a Girl. oil on canvas. Date: 1834. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Father wrangel, Marzipan monument by Friedrich von Wrangel, Prussian officer title page of Die Bomb , László frecskay -, Caricaturist, Angerer , Göschl, realization

Costumes de Différents Pays, 'Marchand d'Esclaves de Gorée'. L. F. Labrousse (France, Bordeaux, active late 18th century)Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810). France, circa 1797. Prints; engravings. Hand-tinted engraving on paper

Mon-Chonsia. A Kansas Chief 1842, Indian, historical Indian tribes from North America, Charles Bird King 1785 - 1862, historically, digitally restored reproduction of a template from the 19th century, Record Date Not Stated

The firstborn King Chumbiri, Central Africa. Journey to unexplored Africa, the mysterious continent by Henry Morton Stanley. Old 19th century engraved illustration, El Mundo Ilustrado 1881

This guide is called Ro-No., vintage engraved illustration. Jules Verne Cesar Cascabel, 1890.

Tsee-moúnt, Great Wonder, Carrying Her Baby in Her Robe. Date: 1832. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

An ancient painting depicting women seated on their heels, singing to the sound of a double flute (tibiae). The artwork, created between 1832 and 1844, is attributed to Giuseppe Angelelli, Gaetano Rosellini, and Salvador Cherubini. It illustrates aspects of social life and customs related to music and dance in ancient Egypt and Nubia, featuring dancers, musicians, and instruments like flutes and tambourines. The lithograph consists of three images presented on one page

Comanche Brave, Fort Reno, Indian Territory Frederic Remington (1861-1909 American) Oil on canvas

Mah-kée-mee-teuv, Grizzly Bear, Chief of the Tribe. oil on canvas. Date: 1831. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

History of Africa. 19th century. The Congo. Indigenous with double burden. Engraving by Pedro Mullor. El Congo y la Creacion del Estado Independiente de este nombre. Historia de los Trabajos y Exploraciones Verificados (The Congo and the Founding of its Free State. A Story of Work and Exploration), by Henry M. Stanley. Edited in Barcelona, ca.1890. Spain.

" A Man of Nootka Sound ". From Watercolours illustrating Captain Cook's last voyage ca. 1773-1784 by John Webber. Webber was appointed topographical artist and sailed with Cook on the third voyage

Turkey/France: 'Bashi-Bazouk'. Oil on canvas painting by Jean-Leon Gerome (1825-1904), c. 1868-1869. A bashi-bazouk or bashibazouk was an irregular soldier of the Ottoman army. They were noted for their lack of discipline. Jean-Leon Gerome (11 May 1824 - 10 January 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style now known as Academicism. The range of his oeuvre included historical painting, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits and other subjects, bringing the Academic painting tradition to an artistic climax.

Natives of the island of Tanna, Vanuatu, and of the island of Beautemps-Beaupre, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. Handcoloured copperplate engraved by Sasso from Giulio Ferrario's Ancient and Modern Costumes of all the Peoples of the World, Florence, Italy, 1844.

Old Menomonie Chief with Two Young Beaux. Dated: 1861/1869. Dimensions: overall: 47.2 x 62.1 cm (18 9/16 x 24 7/16 in.). Medium: oil on card mounted on paperboard. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: George Catlin.

Indian Shell-cutter: He is holding the shell with his feet and cutting through it with blade mounted on handle. Mother-of-Pearl or Nacre from shells was used for inlays, knife handles, buttons, and various other small decorative items. Hand-coloured engraving published Rudolph Ackermann, London, 1822.

Muwekma Ohlone tribe dancing at Mission San Jose, Fremont, California. Dancers in red, black and white body paint with feathers in their hair. Native American dancers of the west coast. Copied from an illustration by artist Georg Langsdorff in Captain Adam Johann von Krusenstern's Voyage autour du Monde, 1810. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Carl Bertuch's Bilderbuch fur Kinder (Picture Book for Children), Weimar, 1812. A 12-volume encyclopedia for children illustrated with almost 1,200 engraved plates on natural history, science, costume, mythology, etc., published from 1790-1830.

Costumes de Différents Pays, 'Guerrier du Royaume de Benin'. L. F. Labrousse (France, Bordeaux, active late 18th century)Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810). France, circa 1797. Prints; engravings. Hand-tinted engraving on paper

Islands of Africa. History of Bourbon Island. Palanquin trip to Bourbon Island, 18th century. Drawing by Danvin. Engraving. Panorama Universal. History of the Islands Madagascar, Bourbon and Mauritius, 1850.

Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum. RED CLOUD.

Tcha-káuk-o-ko-máugh, Great Chief, a Boy. oil on canvas. Date: 1831. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Chinook boy, illustration

John Gabriel Stedman (1744 - 7 March 1797) was a distinguished British-Dutch soldier and noted author. He was born in 1744 in Dendermonde, which then was in the Austrian Netherlands, to Robert Stedman, a Scot and an officer in the Dutch Republic's Scots Brigade, and his wife of presumed Dutch noble lineage, Antoinetta Christina van Ceulen. He lived most of his childhood in 'the Dutch Republic with his parents but spent time with his uncle in Scotland. His years in Surinam, on the northern coast of South America, were characterized by encounters with African slaves and colonial planters, as well as the exotic local flora and fauna. He recorded his experiences in The Narrative of a Five Years Expedition against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam (1796) which, with its firsthand depictions of slavery and other aspects of colonization, became an important tool in the early abolitionist cause.

George Francis Lyon (1795-1832) was a rare combination of Arctic and African explorer. By all accounts a fun loving extrovert, he also managed to be a competent British Naval Officer, Commander, explorer, artist and socialite. While not having a particularly distinguished career, he is remembered for the entertaining journals he kept and for the watercolour paintings he completed in the Sahara and the Arctic. In 1818 he was sent with Joseph Ritchie by Sir John Barrow to find the course of the Niger River and the location of Timbuktu. The expedition was underfunded, lacked support and because of the ideas of John Barrow departed from Tripoli and thus had to cross the Sahara as a preliminary part of their journey. A year later, due to much officialdom they had only got as far as Murzuq where they both fell ill. Ritchie never recovered and died there, but Lyon survived and travelled further around the region. Exactly a year to the day he left, he arrived back in Tripoli, the expedition be

A hunter holding a spear. Gouache painting on mica by an Indian artist.

Woman carrying bottle by Leon Bakst, Pencil, watercolour, gold on paper, 1912, 1866-1924, Private Collection, 48, 2x44

Aymara Boy. oil on canvas. Date: ca. 1890-1892. Museum: Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Jose Tapiro y Baro (1836-1913). Spanish painter. Parache, the dancer. Watercolour, 1895-1900. Prado Museum. Madrid. Spain.

MALASPINA , ALEJANDRO. MARINO ITALIANO . 1754 - 1809. EXPEDICION CIENTIFICA 1789 - 1794. " RETRATO DE UN INDIO DE LA PATAGONIA ". OLEO SACADO DE UN DIBUJO DE JOSE DEL POZO. MUSEO NAVAL . MADRID.

MERCADO DE ESCLAVOS EN EL CONGO 1810 - GRABADO SIGLO XIX.

King Zaogani engraving from Description of Africa 1653-65 for East India Company

Flagellation of a Female Samboe Slave. Dated: 1793. Medium: engraving. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: William Blake after John Gabriel Stedman.

A man from the Sandwich Islands dancing; encountered by Captain Cook during his third voyage (1777-1780) Engraving by C. Grignion after J. Webber, 1780/1785.

Kamtschadale. From: The Natural History of Man by James Cowles Prichard prints, lithographs, works on paper

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