Life in Space Operations

Features astronauts and robotic systems working inside the International Space Station, showcasing high-tech equipment, space suits, and collaborative efforts in a microgravity environment.

Day In The Life of Artemis Employees

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In the Space Station Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, payload technicians dressed in clean room attire, known as bunny suits, secure the hatch on the International Space Station's Node 3, named Tranquility.Hatch closure follows the completion of preparations for the node's transport to the pad and is a significant milestone in launch processing activities. The primary payload for the STS-130 mission, Tranquility is a pressurized module that will provide room for many of the space station's life support systems. Attached to one end of Tranquility is a cupola, a unique work area with six windows on its sides and one on top. The cupola resembles a circular bay window and will provide a vastly improved view of the station's exterior. The multi-directional view will allow the crew to monitor spacewalks and docking operations, as well as provide a spectacular view of Earth and other celestial objects. The module was built in Turin, Ital

Day In The Life of Artemis Employees

USA, Washington, Seattle. International Space Stations Destiny Research Laboratory, The Museum of Flight. (Large format sizes available)

iss064e020133 (Jan. 5, 2021) --- NASA astronaut Michael Hopkins is pictured after closing the hatch to the Northrop Grumman Cygnus space freighter. Robotics controllers would command the Canadarm2 robotic arm to release Cygnus the following day after 93 days attached to the International Space Station's Unity module.

View of stowed Extravehicular Mobility Units (EMUs),in the Airlock (A/L). Photo was taken during Expedition 34.

ISS031-E-084591 (15 May 2012) --- European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 31 flight engineer, is pictured during cargo operations in ESAs "Edoardo Amaldi" Automated Transfer Vehicle-3 (ATV-3) currently docked with the International Space Station.

ISS030-E-148260 (14 March 2012) --- Controlled by teams on the ground, Robonaut 2 humanoid robot holds an instrument to measure air velocity during another system check out in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

View of the Muscle Atrophy Research and Exercise System (MARES),in the Columbus Module (COL1F3). MARES will carry out research on musculoskeletal,bio-mechanical,and neuromuscular human physiology. Photo was taken during Expedition 34.

ISS031-E-140676 (22 June 2012) --- Two bowling-ball-sized free-flying satellites called Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, Reorient, Experimental Satellites Zero Robotics (SPHERES ZR) are pictured during a test session in the Kibo laboratory of the International Space Station.

ISS014-E-14882 (21 Feb. 2007) --- Astronaut Michael E. Lopez-Alegria (right), Expedition 14 commander and NASA space station science officer; and cosmonaut Mikhail Tyurin, flight engineer representing Russia's Federal Space Agency, work with a Russian Orlan spacesuit in the Pirs Docking Compartment of the International Space Station.

iss057e115414 (12/9/20180 --- A photo of the Team Rocket: Staying Healthy in Space investigation onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Team Rocket: Staying Healthy in Space determines the hardness and ultimate shear strength of dental resin when it is cured in microgravity. Results from this investigation contribute to future treatment of dental emergencies in space by informing the choice of product to effectively fill a dental cavity. Greater insight into the properties and performance of dental materials from this investigation may also lead to improvements to these materials and their use on Earth.

ISS030-E-116908 (13 Feb. 2012) --- Wearing an Electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode cap, European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 30 flight engineer, performs a NeuroSpat science session in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station. NeuroSpat investigates the ways in which crew members three-dimensional visual & space perception is affected by long-duration stays in weightlessness.

STS071-105-021 (27 June-7 July 1995) --- Astronaut Charles J. Precourt, STS-71 pilot, floats from the space shuttle Atlantis into Russia's Mir Space Station Kristall Module during the historic eleven-day flight involving a total of ten astronauts and cosmonauts.

ISS040-E-086597 (1 Aug. 2014) --- Two unoccupied Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits, photographed by an Expedition 40 crew member, appear to hold stowage containers in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Astrobee ROAM Operations Session 2. iss066e134729 (Feb. 2, 2022) - A view of an Astrobee ROAM Operations Session 2 in the JEM during Expedition 66. ROAM demonstrates processes for a robotic craft to rendezvous with debris in space. Space debris includes satellites that could be repaired or taken out of orbit, but many of these objects are tumbling, making rendezvous and docking challenging. ROAM uses the space stations Astrobee robots to observe and understand how targets tumble and uses this information to plan ways to safely reach them.

ISS015-E-08322 (6 May 2007) --- Astronaut Sunita L. Williams, Expedition 15 flight engineer, dons squat harness pads in preparation to exercise using the Interim Resistive Exercise Device (IRED) equipment in the Unity node of the International Space Station.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - A worker in the Orbiter Processing Facility begins attaching the Remote Manipulator System (RMS), or Shuttle arm, into place in Atlantis payload bay. The RMS includes the electromechanical arm that maneuvers a payload from the payload bay of the orbiter to its deployment position and then releases it. It can also grapple a free-flying payload, maneuver it to the payload bay of the orbiter and berth it in the orbiter. The RMS arm is 50 feet 3 inches long and 15 inches in diameter. It weighs 905 pounds, and the total system weighs 994 pounds. The RMS has six joints that correspond roughly to the joints of the human arm, with shoulder yaw and pitch joints; an elbow pitch joint; and wrist pitch, yaw and roll joints. The end effector is the unit at the end of the wrist that actually grabs, or grapples, the payload. Atlantis is the designated orbiter to fly on mission STS-121. The mission has a launch window of July 12 - July 31, 2005.

A900329 U12N MINERAL QUARRY FRONT-END EXPERIMENT LOCKWOOD (Project Engineer) MAY 10 90 EG&G/NTS PHOTO LAB Publication Date: 5/10/1990 EDGERTON, GERMESHAUSEN & GRIER; EG&G; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT & INSTRUMENTS; EXPERIMENT SETUP; EXPERIMENTS; FRONT-END EXPERIMENT; INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT; INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT; MINERAL QUARRY; N-TUNNEL; NEVADA; NEVADA TEST SITE; NTS; NUCLEAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY; TEST SITES; TUNNELS; UGT; UNDERGROUND TESTING; WEAPONS EFFECTS; WIRE & CABLES historical images. 1972 - 2012. Department of Energy. National Nuclear Security Administration. Photographs Related to Nuclear Weapons Testing at the Nevada Test Site.

. iss068e075603 (3/17/2023) - A view of the ICE Cubes #9.2 - Maleth 2 Biocube aboard the Internatinal Space Station (ISS). ICE Cubes #9.2 - Maleth 2 by the SpaceOMIX team identifies important biomarkers found in the human skin microbiome (such as miRNA, and other mRNA transcripts) that can potentially be targeted for therapy or general well-being to enhance space travel to deeper missions to the Moon and to Mars.

Expedition 67 Flight Engineer and NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins wears personal protective equipment (PPE) as a precaution before entering the SpaceX Dragon resupply ship a couple of hours after it docked to the Harmony module's forward port on the International Space Station. The PPE prevents a crew member from inadvertently coming in contact with dust and other atmospheric particles that may have dislodged inside the vehicle during its launch and ascent into Earth orbit.

iss059e035608 (4/25/2019) --- Photo documentation of the Thermal Amine scrubber system installation in Destiny module onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The Thermal Amine System tests a method to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from air aboard the ISS, using actively heated and cooled amine beds.

ISS023-E-024622 (17 April 2010) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Naoko Yamazaki, STS-131 mission specialist, poses for a photo in the Cupola of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station.

ISS029-E-007213 (21 Sept. 2011) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, Expedition 29 flight engineer, installs a new T61p laptop to replace the previous A31p as OCA Router in the Joint Station LAN/Local Area Network (JSL LAN). The laptop is located in the hatch area of the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

ISS040-E-013811 (17 June 2014) --- This is the Orlan spacesuit of Russian cosmonaut Alexander Skvortsov, Expedition 40 flight engineer. Skvortsov and fellow cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev readied their Russian Orlan suits early on June 17 in preparation for a scheduled spacewalk on June 19.

iss059e001538 (March 22, 2019) --- NASA astronauts Nick Hague (suit with no stripes) and Anne McClain (suit with red stripes) work to retrieve batteries and adapter plates from an external pallet during a spacewalk to upgrade the International Space Station's power storage capacity.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In space shuttle Discovery's payload bay, STS-120 crew members get a close look at the equipment and payloads. Seen here is Mission Specialist Paolo Nespoli, who represents the European Space Agency. He stands on a platform next to the Italian-built U.S. Node 2, named Harmony. The TCDT provides astronauts and ground crews an opportunity to participate in various simulated countdown activities, including equipment familiarization and emergency training. The STS-120 mission will deliver the U.S. Node 2 module, named Harmony, aboard space shuttle Discovery to the International Space Station. Launch of Discovery on mission STS-120 is targeted for Oct. 23 at 11:38 a.m. EDT on a 14-day mission.

iss035e007095 (3/22/2013) --- A close-up view of an alloy cartridge to be installed in the Gradient Heating Furnace (GHF) of the Kobairo rack for the Alloy Semiconductor experiment. Image was taken in the Kibo Japanese Experiment Pressurized Module (JPM) aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The Alloy Semiconductor investigation aims to develop a clear understanding of how semiconductor materials grow and crystallize in microgravity. The materials studied are also known to be useful as devices which convert heat into electricity (thermoelectrics).

A850473 U12N MISTY RAIN SCATTER STATION JOHN ALLEN (Project Engineer) MAR 27 85 EG&G/NTS PHOTO LAB Publication Date: 3/27/1985 EDGERTON, GERMESHAUSEN & GRIER; EG&G; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT & INSTRUMENTS; EQUIPMENT (SNL); INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT; INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT; MISTY RAIN; MISTY RAIN TEST; N-TUNNEL; NEVADA; NEVADA TEST SITE; NTS; NUCLEAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY; NUCLEAR TESTING; NUCLEAR TESTS; PIPES; SCATTER ALCOVE; SCATTER STATION; TEST SITES; TUNNELS; UGT; UNDERGROUND; UNDERGROUND TESTING; MISTY RAIN-SCATTER STATION historical images. 1972 - 2012. Department of Energy. National Nuclear Security Administration. Photographs Related to Nuclear Weapons Testing at the Nevada Test Site.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, STS-112 Pilot Pamela Melroy looks at equipment for the mission as part of the Crew Equipment Interface Test. Mission Specialist Sandra Magnus is behind her. Mission STS-112 will be ferrying the S1 truss to the International Space Station on its scheduled Aug. 22 flight. The S1 truss is the first starboard (right-side) truss segment, whose main job is providing structural support for the orbiting research facility's radiator panels that cool the Space Station's complex power system. The S1 truss segment also will house communications systems, external experiment positions and other subsystems. The S1 truss will be attached to the S0 truss

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Strapped into their seats inside the orbiter Atlantis for a simulated countdown exercise are (left to right) STS-106 Mission Specialists Boris V. Morukov, Yuri I. Malenchenko and Daniel C. Burbank. The simulation is part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. The TCDT also provides the crew with emergency egress training and opportunities to inspect their mission payload in the orbiters payload bay. STS-106 is scheduled to launch Sept. 8, 2000, at 8:31 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B. On the 11-day mission, the seven-member crew will perform support tasks on orbit, transfer supplies and prepare the living quarters in the newly arrived Zvezda Service Module. The first long-duration crew, dubbed “Expedition One,” is due to arrive at the Station in late fall

STS098-322-0001 (7-20 February 2001) --- Three STS-98 astronauts move a rack into position aboard the newly attached Destiny laboratory. From the left to right are astronauts Robert L. Curbeam, mission specialist; Mark L. Polansky, pilot; and Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission commander.

iss060e085166 (9/30/2019) --- View during the insertion of the Nano Step Cartridge with Nano Step Specimen Cell and Nano Step Circuit Box into the Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF) aboard the International Space Station (ISS). This begins the 35-day crystal growth experiment run. The investigation seeks to improve on the quality and success rate of crystals grown in microgravity

KSC payloads processing employees work to reservice the Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module in the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbias payload bay for the STS-94 mission in Orbiter Processing Facility 1. That mission is now scheduled to lift off in early July. This was the first time that this type of payload was reserviced without removing it from the payload bay. This new procedure pioneers processing efforts for quick relaunch turnaround times for future payloads. The Spacelab module was scheduled to fly again with the full complement of STS-83 experiments after that mission was cut short due to a faulty fuel cell. During the scheduled 16-day STS-94 mission, the experiments will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments

iss052e019022 (7/17/2017) --- NASA Astronaut Peggy Whitson working with the Minus Eighty Laboratory Freezer for ISS 1 (MELFI-1) in the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM).

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The integrated cargo carrier - lite is being transferred to space shuttle Atlantis' payload bay from the payload changeout room on Launch Pad 39A. The changeout room is the enclosed, environmentally controlled portion of the rotating service structure that supports cargo delivery to the pad and subsequent vertical installation into the orbiter payload bay. The carrier holds three elements: a nitrogen tank assembly that is part of the external active thermal control system on the International Space Station, the European technology Exposure Facility composed of nine science instruments and an autonomous temperature measurement unit, and the SOLAR payload designed for sun observation. Also to be transferred is the Columbus Laboratory module. The lab module, built by the European Space Agency, also known as ESA, is approximately 23 feet long and 15 feet wide, allowing it to hold 10 large racks of experiments. Columbus is ESA's largest single contributio

Day In The Life of Artemis Employees

ISS028-E-030086 (22 Aug. 2011) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa and NASA astronaut Mike Fossum (out of frame), both Expedition 28 flight engineers, make preparations to power-up Robonaut 2 the first dexterous humanoid robot in space in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

SL3-109-1345 (August 1973) --- View of scientist-astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, taking TV footage of Arabella and Anita, the two Skylab 3 common cross spiders aranous diadematus, aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. During the 59-day Skylab 3 mission the two spiders Arabella and Anita, were housed in an enclosure onto which a motion picture and still camera were attached to record the spiders' attempts to build a web in the weightless environment. Note the automatic data acquisition camera (DAC) about 3.5 feet to Garriott's right (about waist level).

SL3-109-1345 (August 1973) --- View of scientist-astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, taking TV footage of Arabella and Anita, the two Skylab 3 common cross spiders aranous diadematus, aboard the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. During the 59-day Skylab 3 mission the two spiders Arabella and Anita, were housed in an enclosure onto which a motion picture and still camera were attached to record the spiders' attempts to build a web in the weightless environment. Note the automatic data acquisition camera (DAC) about 3.5 feet to Garriott's right (about waist level).

United States Microgravity Payload-4 (USMP-4) experiments are prepared to be flown on Space Shuttle mission STS-87 in the Space Station Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). Here, a technician is monitoring the Confined Helium Experiment, or CHeX, that will use microgravity to study one of the basic influences on the behavior and properties of materials by using liquid helium confined between silicon disks. CHeX and several other experiments are scheduled for launch aboard STS-87 on Nov. 19 from KSC

ISS021-E-006292 (14 Oct. 2009) --- NASA astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 21 flight engineer, using a watering syringe, supplies water to the Cell Biology Experiment Facility (CBEF) SPACE SEED experiment in the Kibo laboratory on the International Space Station.

jsc2019e039434 - At the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 60 crewmember Drew Morgan of NASA flashes a thumbs up July 16 as he boards the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft for a final fit check as part of pre-launch preparations. Morgan, Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos and Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/GCTC.

S117-E-07232 (13 June 2007) --- Astronauts Patrick Forrester and Steven Swanson (out of frame), both STS-117 mission specialists, participate in the mission's second planned session of extravehicular activity (EVA), as construction resumes on the International Space Station. Among other tasks, Forrester, seen here perched on the mobile foot restraint connected to the Canadian-built remote manipulator system (RMS), and Swanson removed all of the launch locks holding the 10-foot-wide solar alpha rotary joint in place and began the solar array retraction.

STS095-E-5160 (1 Nov. 1998) --- Astronaut Curtis L. Brown Jr., STS-95 commander, floats through airlock hatchway during Flight Day three activity. The photo was taken with an electronic still camera (ESC) at 01:39:20 GMT, Nov. 1.

ISS035-E-017699 (10 April 2013) --- This is one of several photos documenting the Multi-user Droplet Combustion Apparatus (MDCA) Fuel Reservoir replacement. Here, Expedition 35 Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy removes and replaces one of the Fuel Reservoirs with the MDCA Chamber Insert Assembly (CIA) pulled partially out of the Combustion Chamber. The MDCA Fuel Reservoirs contain the liquid fuel used during droplet combustion experiments. This reservoir change-out was in support of the FLame EXtinguishment (FLEX)-2 experiment, scheduled to be executed by ground controllers.

ISS031-E-035440 (15 May 2012) --- A fisheye lens attached to an electronic still camera was used to capture this image of Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, Expedition 31 commander, in the Progress 47 resupply vehicle docked to the International Space Stations Pirs Docking Compartment.

ISS030-E-142875 (14 March 2012) --- Controlled by teams on the ground, Robonaut 2 humanoid robot holds an instrument to measure air velocity during another system check out in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

ISS034-E-037331 (31 Jan. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Tom Marshburn, Expedition 34 flight engineer, services the Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- United Space Alliance (USA) technicians continue processing of Space Shuttle Discovery. Discovery is undergoing its Orbiter Major Modification Period, a regularly scheduled structural inspection and modification downtime, which began in September 2002..

Apollo 13 Lunar Module and the 'mailbox.' The mailbox was a jerry-rigged to use the Command Module lithium hydroxide canisters to purge carbon dioxide from the Lunar Module, the 'lifeboat' where the crew spend return trip to Earth. April 17, 1970.

UK, Leicester, Helen Sharman's spacesuit at Leicester Space Centre

Date: 01-12-13Location: Bldg 9NW, ISS MockupsSubject: Expedition 32/33/34 Emergency Scenarios training in building 9NW

iss063e000001 (April 17, 2020) --- The docking module of the Soyuz MS-15 crew ship is pictured moments after undocking from the Zvezda service module with the Expedition 62 crewmembers, Oleg Skripochka, Jessica Meir and Andrew Morgan, onboard. They would parachute to a landing on Earth less than three-and-a-half hours later inside the Soyuz descent module.

iss056e014352 (June 18, 2018) --- Flight Engineer Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency (ESA) is in quasi-free-floating configuration for the Grip neuroscience study taking place inside Europe's Columbus laboratory module. The ESA-sponsored research is studying the long-term adaptation of grip force/load force coordination (effect of weight vs mass, optimization of movement kinematics and dynamics, and grip force during controlled collisions), and observing the interaction between cognitive and proprioceptive cues, with respect to control of grip force and movement kinematics, for upward” vs. downward” movements.

ISS036-E-017573 (9 July 2013) --- European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, Expedition 36 flight engineer, attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, prepares to exit the International Space Stations Quest airlock to begin a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) along with NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy (out of frame). A 12-mm lens was used to capture the image.

ISS028-E-032109 (17 Aug. 2011) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, Expedition 28 flight engineer, works among stowage containers in the Leonardo Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM) of the International Space Station.

View of Integrated Cardiovascular (ICV) Echo Ultrasound Scan,in the Columbus module. ICV aims to quantify the extent,time course and clinical significance of cardiac atrophy (decrease in the size of the heart muscle) in space. Photo was taken during Expedition 34.

iss057e114874 (12/9/2018) --- A view of the Kubik incubator containing the experiment canisters for the Molecular Muscle investigation. The Molecular Muscle investigation examines the molecular causes of muscle abnormalities during spaceflight in order to establish effective countermeasures. Using the validated model organism C. elegans, combined with flight-validated methodologies, this experiment targets the molecular alterations that are most consistently correlated with muscular and metabolic abnormalities across species in spaceflight (i.e. insulin- and attachment-mediated signaling). The success of the interventions in recovering muscle health is assessed by successfully preventing the gene and protein expression changes that are repeatedly observed in spaceflight.

Inside a darkened U.S. Lab module, in the Space Station Processing Facility (SSPF), astronaut James Voss (left) joins STS-98 crew members Commander Kenneth D. Cockrell (foreground), and Pilot Mark Polansky (right) to check out equipment in the Lab. They are taking part in a Multi-Equipment Interface Test (MEIT) on this significant element of the International Space Station. Also participating in the MEIT is STS-98 Mission Specialist Thomas D. Jones (Ph.D.). Voss is assigned to mission STS-102 as part of the second crew to occupy the International Space Station. During the STS-98 mission, the crew will install the Lab on the station during a series of three space walks. The mission will provide the station with science research facilities and expand its power, life support and control capabilities. The U.S. Laboratory Module continues a long tradition of microgravity materials research, first conducted by Skylab and later Shuttle and Spacelab missions. Destiny is expected to be a major

iss050e035313 (1/26/2017) --- A view of the Wireless Leak Detector Ultrasonic Sensor aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The Joint Leak Detection and Localization Based on Fast Bayesian Inference from Network of Ultrasonic Sensor Arrays in Microgravity Environment (Wireless Leak Detection) investigation compares signals received at various ultrasonic sensors to reveal the location of air leaks, which can then be repaired.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 1, workers detach the overhead crane from the Pressurized Mating Adapter -3 (PMA-3), which sits in the payload bay of the orbiter Discovery. A component of the International Space Station, the PMA-3 will fly on Shuttle mission STS-92, scheduled to launch Oct. 5. The mission will be the fifth flight to the Space Station, and the 100th Shuttle flight overall. PMA-3 provides shuttle docking port for solar array installation on flight 4A (mission STS-97 scheduled for Nov. 30), and Lab installation on flight 5A (mission STS-98, scheduled for Jan. 18, 2001)

Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. - At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the avionics shelf on the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft.Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the suns corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere.

1979 - A close-up view of AGM-109 Tomahawk air-launched cruise missile mounted on a rotary missile launcher in the bomb bay of a B-52 Stratofortress aircraft.

STS112-708-091 (14 October 2002) --- Astronaut David A. Wolf, STS-112 mission specialist, works near the S0 (S-Zero) Truss on the International Space Station (ISS) during the missions third and final scheduled session of extravehicular activity (EVA). The airlock spur, a route used by spacewalkers to get from the Quest airlock on the station to the outpost's truss, is visible in the upper left portion of the frame.

ISS022-E-041767 (28 Jan. 2010) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi, Expedition 22 flight engineer, works with the European Space Agency (ESA) science payload Selectable Optical Diagnostics Instrument / Influence of Vibration on Diffusion in Liquids (SODI/IVIDIL) hardware in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) facility located in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station.

S124-E-005421 (1 June 2008) --- Astronauts Karen Nyberg, STS-124 mission specialist, and Ken Ham, pilot, work the controls on the aft flight deck of Space Shuttle Discovery during flight day two activities.

Astronaut Scott Kelly initiated VEG-01 B, the second crop of lettuce, on July, 8, 2015, and both Kelly and Astronaut Kjell Lindgren cared for the plants. The crop grew for 33 days. VEG-01 B included one set of six plant pillows planted with red romaine lettuce seeds. On Aug. 10, 2015, the crew harvested and consumed leaves from each plant. This was the first crop grown and consumed in NASA hardware. They harvested the rest of the plant tissue and froze it in the stations Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) for return to Earth for further study including microbial analysis, antioxidant capacity, mineral analysis and anthocyanin concentration.

View of STS Discovery

ISS008-E-17183 (24 February 2004) --- This image shows a close-up view of the extravehicular activity (EVA) bundle in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS). The Matroshka experiment package is shrouded (aft) with the brown carry bags for the CKK hardware (fwd) along with tools and other needed items. It is all bundled to a Russian EVA integrated equipment carrier. Cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri, flight engineer representing Russias Federal Space Agency, is in the background.

ISS014-E-18978 (5 April 2007) --- Astronaut Sunita L. Williams, Expedition 14 flight engineer, works with water tanks in the Progress 24 spacecraft docked to the International Space Station.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. On Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, the radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) is attached to the New Horizons spacecraft inside the fairing. Designed and integrated at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Md., New Horizons will launch on a nine-and-a-half-year voyage to Pluto. Typical of RTG-based systems, as on past outer-planet missions, New Horizons does not have a battery for storing power. At the start of the mission, the RTG, which provides power through the natural radioactive decay of plutonium dioxide fuel, will supply approximately 240 watts (at 30 volts of direct current) - the spacecraft’s shunt regulator unit maintains a steady input from the RTG and dissipates power the spacecraft cannot use at a given time. By July 2015 (the earliest Pluto encounter date) that supply decreases to 200 watts at the same voltage, so New Horizons will ease the strain on its limited power source

Lear Jet (NASA 805) NAIMS (NASA Airborne Infrared measurement system) Experiment

iss061e147761 (1/31/2020) --- A view from the Unity module aboard the International Space Station (ISS) of the Northrop Grumman NG-12 hatch. Attached to the hatch is the SlingShot small satellite deployer loaded with eight CubeSats that were deployed into Earth orbit for communications and atmospheric research several hours after Cygnus departed the orbiting lab on Jan. 31, 2019. The deployed CubeSats include: SEOPS-CIRiS, SEOPS-EDGECUBE, SEOPS-MakerSat, SEOPS-MiniCarb, SEOPS-ORCA, SEOPS-Quantum Radar, SEOPS-UbiquitiLink and SEOPS-VPM.

ISS042E099123 (01/04/2015) --- An interior view from the International Space Stations (ISS) Cupola module. The large bay windows allowing the Expedition 42 crew to see outside. The Cupola houses one of the stations two robotic work stations used by astronauts to manipulate the large robotic arm seen through the right window. The robotic arm, or Canadarm2, was used throughout the construction of the ISS and is still used to grapple visiting cargo vehicles and assist astronauts during spacewalks. The Cupola is attached to the nadir side of the space station and also gives a full panoramic view of the Earth.

Engineers evaluate early space suit designs in an Orion mockup at Lockheed Martins Exploration Development Lab (EDL) in Houston on July 1, 2011. Part of Batch image transfer from Flickr.

ISS028-E-028817 (23 Aug. 2011) --- The unpiloted ISS Progress 43 supply vehicle departs from the International Space Station on Aug. 23, 2011. Filled with trash and discarded items, Progress 43 will remain in orbit a safe distance from the station for engineering tests before being commanded by flight controllers to descend to a destructive re-entry into Earth's atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean.

USA, California, Los Angeles, California Science Center, Interior of Mercury-Redstone 2 capsule (that carried chimpanzee Ham into space)

ISS013-E-13231 (30 April 2006) --- Cosmonaut Pavel V. Vinogradov (left), Expedition 13 commander representing Russia's Federal Space Agency, and astronaut Jeffrey N. Williams, NASA space station science officer and flight engineer, use cameras to photograph the topography of points on Earth from a window in the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

S96-E-5131 (1 June 1999) --- Astronaut Tamara Jernigan looks toward the docked International Space Station (ISS) from the aft flight deck of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery.The scene was recorded with an electronic still camera (ESC) at 11:29:21 GMT, June 1, 1999.

iss038e024951 (1/5/2014) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Koichi Wakata strapped into his sleeping bag in his sleep station located in the Node 2. Circadian Rhythms investigates the role of synchronized circadian rhythms, or the biological clock,” and how it changes during long-duration spaceflight.

This photograph was taken in the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Neutral Buoyancy Simulator (NBS) during the testing of the Japanese Experimental Module. The NBS provided the weightless environment encountered in space needed for testing and the practices of extra-vehicular activities.

iss063e113857 (Oct. 21, 2020) --- Expedition 63 crewmates (from left) Chris Cassidy of NASA and Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner are seated inside the Soyuz MS-16 crew ship moments before the hatches were closed to the International Space Station. The trio would parachute to Earth inside the Soyuz' descent module several hours later.

ISS029-E-039226 (4 Nov. 2011) --- Robonaut 2 -- the first dexterous humanoid robot in space is pictured in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station. NASA astronaut Mike Fossum, Expedition 29 commander; and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa (both out of frame), flight engineer, spent several hours in Destiny checking out and operating R2.

jsc2019e070462 (12/13/2019) --- A preflight view taken of the ISS Universal Waste Management System, Unit 1 during EMI/EMC Testing. This technology provides additional waste disposal points to the International Space Station (ISS) and aids in planning for future exploration missions including Deep Space Gateway (DSG). A smaller, more comfortable and more reliable waste-disposal method allows the crew to focus on other activities and enables further exploration in space.

iss049e002221 (9/14/2016) --- Photographic documentation taken during installation of the Phase Change Heat Exchanger (PCHx) into EXpedite PRocessing of Experiments to Space Station (EXPRESS) Rack (ER)-8. The primary objective of the PCHx Project is to create a unique test platform utilizing the EXPRESS Rack on the ISS to advance the technology readiness level of phase change heat exchangers for infusion into future exploration vehicles.

Engineers and technicians at NASAs Johnson Space Center in Houston are testing the spacesuit astronauts will wear in the agencys Orion spacecraft on trips to deep space. On June 22, 2017, members of the Johnson team participated in a Vacuum Pressure Integrated Suit Test to verify enhancements to the suit will meet test and design standards for the Orion spacecraft. During this test, the suit is connected to life support systems and then air is removed from Johnsons 11-foot thermal vacuum chamber to evaluate the performance of the suits in conditions similar to a spacecraft. The suit will contain all the necessary functions to support life and is being designed to enable spacewalks and sustain the crew in the unlikely event the spacecraft loses pressure. Part of Batch images transfer from Flickr.

STS004-28-330 (27 June-4 July 1982) --- Thanks to a variety of juices and other food items, this array in the middeck area probably represents the most colorful area onboard the Earth-orbiting space shuttle Columbia. Most of the meal items have been carefully fastened to food trays and locker doors (or both). What has not been attached by conventional methods has been safely tucked under something heavy (note jacket shoved into space occupied by one of Columbias experiments). The Monodisperse Latex Reflector (MLR), making its second flight on Columbia, is designed to test the feasibility of making large-size, monodisperse (same size), and polystyrene latex micro-spheres using the products of the STS-3 mission as seed particles. The latex spheres are used in calibration of scientific and industrial equipment and have potential medical and research applications. This frame was exposed with a 35mm camera. Onboard the space vehicle for seven days were astronauts Thomas K. Mattingly II

iss053e303473 (11/132017) --- Photo documentation of Augmented Reality Application for Maintenance, Inventory and Stowage (ARAMIS) Maintenance Session abord the International Space Station (ISS). The ARAMIS investigation demonstrates use of augmented reality technology to improve efficiency of operations aboard the space station.

iss050e040296 (2/10/2017) --- View during the Packed Bed Reactor Experiment (PBRE) removal from the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG), in the U.S. Laboratory. Photo was taken during Expedition 50.

iss063e041081 (July 7, 2020) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 63 Flight Engineer Bob Behnken is pictured inside the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module (BEAM) during cargo activities. BEAM has been attached to the International Space Station's Tranquility module since April 2016.

At the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia, Expedition 35-36 Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy prepares to enter a Soyuz spacecraft mockup March 5 for the start of qualification simulation runs. Cassidy, Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov and Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin are training for launch March 29, Kazakh time, to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.NASA / Stephanie Stoll

ISS020-E-041394 (18 Sept. 2009) --- Expedition 20 crew members enter the newly attached Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV) docked to the Harmony node of the International Space Station. The HTV attachment was completed at 5:26 p.m. on Sept. 17, 2009.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility, members of the STS-122 crew practice handling cameras that will be used during the mission. Holding the camera is astronaut Leopold Eyharts, with the European Space Agency. He will be joining the Expedition 15 crew on the International Space Station. The crew is at Kennedy Space Center to take part in a crew equipment interface test, which helps familiarize them with equipment and payloads for the mission. Among the activities standard to a CEIT are harness training, inspection of the thermal protection system and camera operation for planned extravehicular activities, or EVAs. The mission will carry and install the Columbus Lab, a multifunctional, pressurized laboratory that will be permanently attached to Node 2 of the space station to carry out experiments in materials science, fluid physics and biosciences, as well as to perform a number of technological applications. It is Europes largest contribution to the

ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut and Expedition 66 Flight Engineer Matthias Maurer organizes cargo inside the Leonardo permanent multipurpose module.

iss060e073348 (Sept. 18, 2019) --- NASA astronauts Christina Koch and Andrew Morgan stow biological research samples into a science freezer located inside the U.S. Destiny laboratory module.

Expedition 43 backup crew member Alexey Ovchinin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) is seen inside the Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft during a final check, Monday, March 23, 2015 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, and Russian Cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko, and Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) are scheduled to launch to the International Space Station in the Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time (March 27 Eastern time.) As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016.

S82-E-5404 (15 Feb. 1997) --- Astronaut Gregory J. Harbaugh on the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) with the Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS), during the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This view was taken with an Electronic Still Camera (ESC).

ISS011-E-13711 (25 September 2005) --- The European Space Agency (ESA) Eye Tracking Device (ETD) payload held by an Expedition 11 crewmember in the Zvezda Service Module of the international space station.

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