Medieval Religious Illuminations

Intricate illuminated manuscripts illustrating biblical scenes, rich colors, and detailed characters depicting significant moments in Christian history.

Book Zechariah/ Illumination c.1230

The Visitation; Paris, France; about 1420; Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 20.2 x 14.9 cm (7 15,16 x 5 7,8 in.)

The Betrayal of Christ. Masters of Dirc van Delf (Dutch, active about 1400 - about 1410)

Psalter. Unknown

BIBLIA DE SAN LUIS DE FRANCIA-DAVID EN LA CUEVA DE SAL- S XIII-MINIATURA GOTICA. Location: CATEDRAL-BIBLIOTECA. Toledo. SPAIN. DAVID REY SIGLO XI AC. SAUL SIGLO XI AC.

Book Zechariah/ Illumination c.1230

BIBLIA DE SAN LUIS-JESUS CON LOS DISCIPULOS. Location: CATEDRAL-BIBLIOTECA. Toledo. SPAIN.

The Betrayal of Christ. Workshop of the Bedford Master (French, active first half of 15th century)

The Crucifixion. Master of the Kremnitz Stadtbuch (Austrian, active beginning early 1420s)

The Nativity; or Le Mans, France; about 1400 - 1410; Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 18.9 x 13.2 cm (7 7,16 x 5 3,16 in.)

The Presentation in the Temple. Master of Jacques of Luxembourg (French, active about 1460 - 1470)

The Adoration of the Magi. Date/Period: Early 1460s. Folio. Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment. Height: 256 mm (10.07 in); Width: 173 mm (6.81 in). Author: Willem Vrelant.

Miniature of Annunciation. Figure of monkey and cat playing a musical instrument in border. Initials.. 1450 - 1499. Religious books, Manuscripts. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Monkeys, Cats, Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint , Annunciation, Animals in human situations

The Nativity; Spitz Master, French, active about 1415 - 1425; Paris, France, Europe; about 1420; Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 20.2 x 14.9 cm (7 15/16 x 5 7/8 in.)

The Annunciation. Unknown

Printed Book of Hours (Use of Rome): fol. 25r, The Annunciation, 1510. Guillaume Le Rouge (French, Paris, active 1493-1517). 112 Printed folios on parchment, bound;

Miniature of the Visitation; initials, border.. 1401 - 1500. Religious books, Manuscripts. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Elizabeth (Mother of John the Baptist), Saint, Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint , Visitation, Flowers , 1400-1499

Seven sorrows of Maria, monogrammist S (16th century), 1516 - 1545 print The seven sorrows of Maria. In the middle Maria as Mater Dolorosa, grieving for her died son on her lap. On the ground are the crown of thorns and the nails. Around this performance six medallions with the six other sorrows of Maria. From above with the clock: crucifixion, cross -bearing, circumcision of Christ, flight to Egypt, twelve -year -old Jesus in the temple and burial. This print is part of a handwritten prayer book. paper. parchment (animal material) engraving 'Mater Dolorosa'. Mary pierced by a sword. the (Seven) Sorrows of Mary

Miniature of Virgin and Child Flight into Egypt, large initial on gold, linefiller, full border design.. 1440 - 1460. Religious books, Manuscripts. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint, Jesus Christ , Flight into Egypt

Judas Paying Pieces of Silver. Master of Cardinal Bourbon (French, about 1480 - 1500)

The Virgin and Child. Follower of the Egerton Master (French / Netherlandish, active about 1405 - 1420)

God Enthroned, manuscript, 14th century

The King in Parliament Description: Illuminated initial from a 15th century book of statutes showing the King (Edward IV) in Parliament seated under a canopy with the Lords Spiritual (left) and the Lords Temporal (right). Date: c.1480 king, illumination, parliament, medieval, bishops, sceptre, exchequer, 1480

Christ Before Pilate. Date/Period: Early 1460s. Folio. Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment. Height: 256 mm (10.07 in); Width: 173 mm (6.81 in). Author: Willem Vrelant.

Large miniature of angels, with text, initials, and line filler. Folio 2v., 1390

BIBLIA DE SAN LUIS-A UN HOMBRE LE QUITAN LA TUNICA. Location: CATEDRAL-BIBLIOTECA. Toledo. SPANIEN.

A Bearded Saint with Cruciform Staff Presenting a Kneeling Woman to Saint Margaret. Unknown

Christ Nailed to the Cross. Master of the Lee Hours (Flemish, active about 1450 - 1470)

The Crucifixion, Execution, of Jesus of Nazareth, Christ, Good Friday, Golgotha, Leaf from a Psalter, The Crucifixion, ca. 1300-1330, Flanders, Liege, 14th century, Ink, tempera and gold on vellum, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original.

LIBRO DE CORO LXVIII-FOL 22-SAN GIMIGNANO EN EL TRONO RODEADO DE ANGELES. Author: TEGLIACI NICOLA.

BIBLIA DE CARLOS V DE FRANCIA. Author: BERNARDO DE MODENA-BERNARDINO DA MODENA. Location: CATEDRAL-ARCHIVO CAPITULAR. GERONA. SPAIN.

The martyrdom of Lisbius, 1317. St Denis, St Eleutherius and St Rusticus are forced to watch Lisbius being decaptitated on the orders of Sisinnius, attended by his high priest. Manuscript illustration from a work on the life of St Denis (died c258 AD), written by Yves, a monk at the Abbey of St Denis. The book depicts the torture and martyrdom of the saint by the Roman governor Fescenninus Sisinnius. The lower scene depicts people on the bridge over the River Seine showing a moneylender and an organist. From the collection of the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. The artist is unknown.

BIBLIA DE SAN LUIS DE FRANCIA- 1226/34-RUTH SEGANDO EN LOS CAMPOS DE BOOZ-MINIATURA GOTICA. Location: CATEDRAL-BIBLIOTECA. Toledo. SPAIN.

The Crucifixion, Execution, of Jesus of Nazareth, Christ, Good Friday, Golgotha, Book of Hours from Paris, c. 1420, Successor of Master Boucicaut, Ink, tempera and gold on vellum, France, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, Europe

Mass for the Dead. Master of the Harvard Hannibal (French, active Paris, France, 1415 - about 1430)

The Four Evangelists. Date/Period: Ca. 1420. Folio. Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment. Height: 202 mm (7.95 in); Width: 149 mm (5.86 in). Author: Spitz Master.

Jesus: Crucifixion, miniature, France 13th-14th Century.

Codex of Fernando the catholic : the all-holy trinity. Madrid, library of the royal palace. Location: PALACIO REAL-BIBLIOTECA. MADRID. SPAIN. JESUS. ESPIRITU SANTO. DIOS PADRE.

The Presentation in the Temple. Unknown

Scenes from the Lives of Isaac, Jacob, and Esau. Unknown

The Resurrection. Workshop of Master of the First Prayer Book of Maximilian (Flemish, active about 1475 - 1515)

A Priest Celebrating Mass, Attended by Men and Women. Unknown

Miniature of Annunciation against a tessellated ground.. 1400 - 1415. Religious books, Manuscripts. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint , Annunciation

The Women at the Tomb; Unknown; Hildesheim, Germany, Europe; probably 1170s; Tempera colors, gold leaf, silver leaf, and ink on parchment

The Circumcision. Master of the Llangattock Hours (Flemish, active about 1450 - 1460)

Virgin's Marriage / Illumination 1490

VIÑETA DE UN LIBRO CORAL S XV - CIRCUNCISION DE JESUS -. Location: MONASTERIO-BIBLIOTECA. GUADALUPE. CACERES. SPAIN. INFANT JESUS.

The Last Judgment. Date/Period: Early 1460s. Folio. Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment. Height: 256 mm (10.07 in); Width: 173 mm (6.81 in). Author: Willem Vrelant.

Prayer Book of Charles the Bold.

Saint John the Evangelist. Mesrop of Khizan (Armenian, active 1605 - 1651)

Pentecost. Master of Wauquelin's Alexander or workshop (Flemish, active about 1440 - 1460)

EXTERIOR-PORTADA. Location: IGLESIA DE SANTA MARIA LA ANTIGUA. Guernika. Biscay. SPAIN.

Book of Zechariah/ Illumination/ c.1230

Prophet Malachi / Illumination 1230

Monks Praying for a Deceased. Unknown

Presenting Jesus in the temple, miniature from an incunabulum, Italy 16th Century.

The Coronation of the Virgin; Spitz Master (French, active about 1415 - 1425); Paris, France; about 1420; Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 20.2 x 14.9 cm (7 15,16 x 5 7,8 in.)

The Betrayal of Christ. Unknown

Miniature of Virgin and Child, with diapered background. Large initial, border design. French text.. 1400 - 1499. Religious books, Manuscripts. Manuscripts and Archives Division. Jesus Christ, Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint

The Presentation in the Temple. Unknown

Misal de Sant Cugat, siglo XIV. Archivo de la Corona de Aragón.

The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne; Master of James IV of Scotland, Flemish, before 1465 - about 1541; Bruges, Belgium, Europe; about 1510 - 1520; Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 23.2 x 16.7 cm (9 1/8 x 6 9/16 in.), Justification: 10.9 x 7.4 cm (4 5/16 x 2 15/16 in.)

Coronation of Mary / Illumin. / 1483/98

BIBLIA DE SAN LUIS DE FRANCIA-1226/34-LA SANTA CENA-FOL 52-B3- MINIATURA GOTICA. Location: CATEDRAL-BIBLIOTECA. Toledo. SPAIN. JESUS.

The Throne of Grace Trinity. Willem Vrelant (Flemish, died 1481, active 1454 - 1481)

Christ Before Pilate. Unknown

Christ before Pilate and Judas Returning the Thirty Pieces of Silver. Master of Guillaume Lambert and workshop (French, active about 1475 - 1485)

Saint Mark. Follower of the Egerton Master (French / Netherlandish, active about 1405 - 1420)

The Betrayal of Christ. Master of the Lee Hours (Flemish, active about 1450 - 1470)

The Crucifixion; Unknown; Hildesheim, Germany, Europe; probably 1170s; Tempera colors, gold leaf, silver leaf, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 28.2 x 18.9 cm (11 1/8 x 7 7/16 in.)

The Virgin Adored by Saints in a Historiated Initial "R" from an Antiphonary. Italian (Lombardy). Date: 1401-1500. Dimensions: 160 x 174 mm. Manuscript cutting in tempera and gold leaf on parchment, with gothica textura inscriptions in brownish-black, verso. Origin: Italy. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, Chicago, USA.

Dictating a last will and testament, miniature, Italy 14th Century.

Crossbreak; Passion of Christ. Christ carries the cross and beside him Veronica kneb with her cloth. Maria and John are between the soldiers and executioners. This print is part of a handwritten prayer book.

The Assumption of the Virgin. Unknown

Genghis Khan, the First Khan of the Tatars 1375 Artist Unknown Illuminated manuscript Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, France

Illustration from the Decretum Gratiani by Gratian, Ms.239. 12th.

Fra Gregorio Mutii da Montalcino, Death of Saint Benedict, 1390 1395 Death of Saint Benedict

Initial capital letter with Jesus in front of Pontius Pilate, miniature by Girolamo of Cremona and the Liberale of Verona from a gradual, manuscript, Italy 15th Century.

Sisinnius exhorts St Denis to renounce his faith, 1317. St Denis, St Eleutherius and St Rusticus, in chains, stand before Sisinnius who attempts to order them to repudiate Christianity. Manuscript illustration from a work on the life of St Denis (died c258 AD), written by Yves, a monk at the Abbey of St Denis. The book depicts the torture and martyrdom of the saint by the Roman governor Fescenninus Sisinnius. The lower scene depicts people on the bridge over the River Seine; showing a shepherd with his sheep, and a swineherd with hogs. From the collection of the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. The artist is unknown.

Historiated Initial from a Gradual. Unknown

PRESENTACION DE JESUS EN EL TEMPLO - EVANGELIARIO DE PARIS PARA USO DE CARLOS DUQUE DE ANGULEMA - FECHADO ENTRE 1501 Y 1600 - PERGAMINO. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN. INFANT JESUS. VIRGIN MARY. SAN JOSE ESPOSO DE LA VIRGEN MARIA. SIMEON SACERDOTE.

Printed Book of Hours (Use of Rome): fol. 108v, St. Anne and the Virgin Mary, 1510. Guillaume Le Rouge (French, Paris, active 1493-1517). 112 Printed folios on parchment, bound;

The Annunciation; Unknown; Mainz, Germany, Europe; about 1025 - 1050; Tempera colors and gold on parchment

The Israelites Collecting Manna from Heaven.

The Betrayal of Christ. Spitz Master (French, active about 1415 - 1425)

MISAL RICO-JESUS CURANDO UN HIDROPICO-MILAGRO DE JESUS. Author: CARDENAL CISNEROS. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION, MADRID, SPAIN.

Abraham and Keturah/ Illumination

A Pope Flanked by Two Cardinals. Unknown

INICIAL - FRAY ANTONIO CANALS ENTREGA SU OBRA AL CARDENAL DE VALENCIA JAIME DE ARAGON - S XV. Location: ARCHIVO HISTORICO. Barcelona. SPAIN. FRAY ANTONIO CANALS. VALENCIA OBISPO DE. CANALS ANTONIO FRAY. ARAGON JAIME CARDENAL. CARDENAL SANTA SABINA.

MISAL DE STA. EULALIA.S.XV.. ARCHIVO CATEDRAL BARCELONA. Author: RAFAEL DESTORRENTS (1375-S. XV).

fol. 305r, Bavaria, Germany, 1402

Manuscript Illumination with the Virgin and Child in an Initial S, from an Antiphonary mid-15th century Master of the Franciscan Breviary Italian. Manuscript Illumination with the Virgin and Child in an Initial S, from an Antiphonary 463603

The Second Temptation of Christ; The Third Temptation of Christ; The Raising of Lazarus; The Entry into Jerusalem; Paris, France; about 1250 - 1260; Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment; Leaf: 19.2 x 13.3 cm (7 9,16 x 5 1,4 in.)

Pope Gregory's Mass ca. 1450 Artist Unknown Illuminated manuscript

Master of Imola (Italian, active 1265 - 1280), The Nativity with Six Dominican Monks, 1265-1274, miniature on vellum

Scenes from the life of Jesus, 1260-1270. Artist: Unknown

LIBRO DE HORAS - EPIFANIA - SIGLO XV. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN. INFANT JESUS. VIRGIN MARY.

Scribes, fresco in the church of Saint Mary of the Assumption, Armeno, Piedmont, Italy, 16th century.

RESURRECCION DE JESUCRISTO - EVANGELIARIO DE PARIS PARA USO DE CARLOS DUQUE DE ANGULEMA - FECHADO ENTRE 1501 Y 1600 - PERGAMINO. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN. JESUS. CRISTO RESUCITADO.

Christ before Pilate. Simon Bening (Flemish, about 1483 - 1561)

Old Testament. Original sin. Adam and Eve disobeying God. Banishes from the Garden of Eden. Engraving. (Photo by: PHAS/UIG)

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