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Bronze Medallions of Historical Figures

This cluster features bronze medallions illustrating various historical figures and themes from the 15th century, highlighting artistry and cultural significance.

Valerio Belli, Judgment of Paris Judgment of Paris
Valerio Belli, Judgment of Paris Judgment of Paris
189 assets in this story
4409-17466587
Lorenzo de' Medici, il Magnifico, 1449-1492 obverse. Dated: c. 1490. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 8.8 cm (3 7/16 in.) gross weight: 290.51 gr (0.64 lb.) axis: 1:00. Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Niccolò Fiorentino.
4409-17455988
Venus and Cupids reverse. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 3.44 cm (1 3/8 in.) gross weight: 15.58 gr (0.034 lb.) axis: 12:00. Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Jakob Hofmann.
6145-59040748
Anonymous (n. - d.), Henri II (main title), 1552. Metal, cast iron. Petit Palais, Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris.
4409-17439550
Giancarlo Rossetti Preaching with the Agnus Dei on a Mound reverse. Dated: 1748. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 8.66 cm (3 7/16 in.). Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Antonio Francesco Selvi.
4409-17449824
The Justice of Brutus. Dimensions: overall (oval): 5 x 6.8 cm (1 15/16 x 2 11/16 in.) gross weight: 44 gr. Medium: lead. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: GIOVANNI BERNARDI.
1746-19672502
Relief detail from The Arch of Constantine, a triumphal, or victory arch in Rome. It is positioned between the Collosseum and the Palatine Hill. It commemorates Emperor Constantine's victory in the Battle of Milvian Bridge in the early 4th century AD. It was dedicated in 315 AD and features reliefs/friezes documenting previous Emperors and victory figures.
6145-29865977
Italian 16th Century, Enrico Orsini, died 1604 (obverse), 16th century Enrico Orsini, died 1604 obverse
6176-67039259
Greek pendant with bust of Aphrodite. Artist: Unknown
1746-19666132
The Official Image of Elizabeth 1. Queen Elizabeth commissioned a new Great Seal in 1584. This drawing by Nicholas Hilliard (possibly 1547- died London 1619) may be one of the designs for the new seal. Engraving dated 1592. This print is based on a portrait by the miniature painter Isaac Oliver (about 1558 to 1617. The seal was used to authorise important documents.
6145-29887192
Attributed to Pier Paolo Galeotti, Fortune Holding a Sail, and Helmeted Woman (reverse), 1556 Fortune Holding a Sail, and Helmeted Woman reverse
4409-17471875
Boldù between Faith and Penitence reverse. Dated: 1458. Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Giovanni Boldù.
1899-18499
Lucius Apuleius AD 123-5 to c AD 180 Platonic philosopher rhetorician and author Frontspiece to the book The Story of Cupid and Psyche by Lucius Apuleius published 1903. Medallion from an illuminated page of the first edition published in 1469.
6145-29834078
The Educational Establishment for Young Women at Auberive, 1885 1885 Medalist: Louis-Oscar Roty French. The Educational Establishment for Young Women at Auberive, 1885 187511 Artist: Medalist: Louis-Oscar Roty, French, Paris 18461911 Paris, The Educational Establishment for Young Women at Auberive, 1885, 1885, Bronze, struck, silvered, Diameter: 1 3/4 in. (44 mm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gift of Samuel P. Avery, 1893 (93.10.16a, b)
4409-17451881
Cecilia Gonzaga, 1426-1451, daughter of Gianfrancesco I obverse. Dated: 1447. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 8.66 cm (3 7/16 in.) gross weight: 215.56 gr (0.475 lb.) axis: 12:00. Medium: lead. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: PISANELLO.
6145-29879946
Master IOFF, Mucius Scaevola, second half 15th century Mucius Scaevola
4409-17404287
Game piece with two noblemen in profile. Culture: German. Dimensions: Diameter: 1 7/8 in. (4.8 cm). Date: mid-16th century.This piece originally belonged to a much larger set of counters, made to be used in courtly pastimes such as backgammon and the goose game, on a board like that displayed nearby. Exceedingly fine workmanship singles out this game piece as one made for the highest end of the market: the slight difference in color between the uppermost boxwood and the base of walnut would have been more marked when new and may well have identified the player, with the woods inverted on the opponent's counters. The detailed design of two portrait-like overlapping heads in profile is particularly unusual.Elizabeth Cleland, 2017. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.
6145-29866185
Italian or French 16th Century, after Michel Colombe, Louis XII, 1462 1515, King of France 1498 (obverse), early 16th century Louis XII, 1462-1515, King of France 1498 obverse
1746-21117007
HENRY VIII (1491-1547) King of England from 1509 Engraving of his Great Seal
6145-45466117
Bliżej Kultury Kazimierz Jagiellończyk (1447 92)
6145-29742322
Allegory of the Arts second half 19th century Jules-Edmond-Charles Lachaise French. Allegory of the Arts 388314
6145-29816441
Seal Impression, Saint Peter ca. 1358 Netherlandish or South Lowlands (). Seal Impression, Saint Peter 466075
6145-30205722
First departure of the Havre of the unculpted days of June to Algeria, August 8, 1848 (dummy title) Anonymous. First departure of the Havre of the unculpted days of June to Algeria, August 8, 1848.
6145-45456293
Bliżej Kultury Jan olmbrew (1492 1501)
4443-20327604
Matteo de' Pasti (Italian, c. 1420 - 1467-1468), Winged Human Eye, 1446-1450, bronze
6145-29881236
Milanese 16th Century, Giangaleazzo Maria Sforza, 1469 1494, 6th Duke of Milan 1476 (obverse), 1500 1599 Giangaleazzo Maria Sforza, 1469-1494, 6th Duke of Milan 1476 obverse
4409-17448623
Allegorical Scene reverse. Dated: c. 1661. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 5.84 cm (2 5/16 in.) gross weight: 84.08 gr (0.185 lb.) axis: 12:00. Medium: silver. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Jan Roettiers.
4409-17475922
Christ in the Tomb reverse. Dated: 1446/1450. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 9.31 cm (3 11/16 in.) gross weight: 368.82 gr (0.813 lb.) axis: 11:00. Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: MATTEO DE' PASTI.
4443-21914171
production: M. Holtzhey, Commemorative medal on the completion of the Rotterdam Stock Exchange, commemorative medal penning footage copper, minted, the Rotterdam city virgin with in the right arm cornucopia leaning on the city arms and sitting on bales and rollers merchandise the right foot on river from which the Meuse flows; behind her the statue of Erasmus (in part); she is crowned by floating Mercury; in the background the Maas and the city profile of Rotterdam; to the right putto with herring in the hand against keg omschrift (in capitals): divitias hvc terra svas hvc transtvlit vnda (Land and water brought their treasures here) and m: holtzhey. fecit. (on cut-off) rotterodamvm (below cut) heraldry Rotterdam trade trade trade fishery city profile allegory Adriaan van der Werff Jacob Kortewant Maas Erasmus Mercury
6145-29852494
Style of Niccolò Fiorentino, Costanza Bentivoglio, Wife of Antonio Pico della Mirandola 1473, Countess of Concordia 1483 (obverse), c 1485 Costanza Bentivoglio, Wife of Antonio Pico della Mirandola 1473, Countess of Concordia 1483 obverse
4409-17439496
Neptune Contending with Four Winds reverse. Dated: 1731. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 4.66 cm (1 13/16 in.). Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: JOHN CROKER.
6145-45396026
Jupiter
6176-67037093
Gold death mask of a Mycenaean king, 17th century BC. Artist: Unknown
6145-29852452
Style of Antico, Venus and Mars (reverse), probably 1490 1520 Venus and Mars reverse
6145-48536024
testone. Państwo Kościelne, Mercandetti, Tommaso (1758-1821), engraver, Pius VI (papież ; 1775-1799), ruler
6176-65990194
Black and White Illustration; The Great Seal of King Henry I of England; 12th century;
6145-45459486
Bliżej Kultury Maximian Hercules, Menna Lyon
1525-27767151
Seal of Milon, Earl of Gloucester, vintage engraved illustration. Colorful History of England, 1837.
6145-59309700
Steigerende Pegasus, Eugène Delacroix (attributed to), 1825 drawing Image of the rear of a large (Carthageenic) Mint: prancing pegasus with an inscription.  paper. pencil  Pegasus, the winged horse
6145-48517453
Award at the Industrial Exhibition in Grudziądz. Oertel (Berlin ; zakład medalierski ; fl. ca 1891-1939), creator
6145-52386463
Intricate two-part carving in ivory: "Heaven and Hell," hinged together to close. American views. 1850 - 1930. still image. Stereographs, Photographs. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Photography Collection. Massachusetts, Salem (Mass.)
4409-159588
AGRIPINA - CAMAFEO GRECO-ROMANO EN CRISOLITO (GLIPTICA). Location: MUSEO CAPITOLINO. Rome. ITALIA. AGRIPINA LA MAYOR.
6145-29844110
Follower of Moderno, Hercules and the Nemean Lion (reverse), c 1520 Hercules and the Nemean Lion reverse
6145-30218965
The four sergeants of La Rochelle executed September 21, 1822 David d'Angers (1788-1856). The four sergeants of La Rochelle executed on September 21, 1822. Bronze, 1822.
4409-17481369
Saint Jerome in the Wilderness. Dated: c. 1500. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 2.9 cm (1 1/8 in.). Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Master of the Passion of Christ.
6145-46868880
1 As of Geta Lucius Septimius, Emperor of Rome fromRome. Ruler: Geta Lucius Septimius, Emperor of Rome, A.D. 189-211 Mint: Rome Artist: Unknown
6145-29865907
Italian 16th Century (Attributed to Benvenuto Cellini), Pegasus on the Fountain Hippocrene (reverse), 1537 1547 Pegasus on the Fountain Hippocrene reverse
6145-48981788
Image of the image side of the, by C.J. van der Hoef and designed by the Koninklijke Utrechtsche Fabriek van Zilverwerken C.J. Desired, memorial medal, as a reminder of the second Jaarbeurs.
6145-29205836
Thanksgiving Service at St. Paul's for the Recovery of the Prince of Wales from Typhoid Fever, February 27, 1872 1872 Medalist: Alfred Benjamin Wyon British. Thanksgiving Service at St. Paul's for the Recovery of the Prince of Wales from Typhoid Fever, February 27, 1872. Medalist: Alfred Benjamin Wyon (British, London 1837-1884). British. 1872. Bronze, struck. Medals and Plaquettes
6145-45477128
Bliżej Kultury Wiener, Charles (1832 1888)
4409-10179
CERAMICA DE SARGADELOS. Location: MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS. LA CORUNA. A CORUÑA. SPAIN.
6145-29860193
Hans Reinhart the Elder, Johann Friedrich, 1503 1554, Elector of Saxony 1532 (obverse), 1535 Johann Friedrich, 1503-1554, Elector of Saxony 1532 obverse
4430-9284
evsnts French Wars of Religion 1562 - 1598 Fourth War 1572 - 1573 Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre 24.8.1572 French conmemoration medal front: King Charles IX of France reverse: royal coat of army wood engraving 19th century,
6145-45321665
Unveiling of the Adam Mickiewicz monument in Paris
1525-27893136
Sardonyx the Vienna Imperial Cabinet, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1844.
6145-58856504
Plaquette van Gips, design for a medal: draft horses with inscription sic vos non vobis, Lambertus Zijl, 1876 - 1947 Plaquette, round, of plaster, with in relief horses and the inscription sic vos non vobis. Design for a medal by Lambertus Zijl.  gypsum Plaquette, round, of plaster, with in relief horses and the inscription sic vos non vobis. Design for a medal by Lambertus Zijl.  gypsum
1525-27767159
Seal of Thomas Becket, vintage engraved illustration. Colorful History of England, 1837.
4409-17444619
Johann Friedrich, 1503-1554, Elector of Saxony 1532 obverse. Dated: 1535. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 6.51 cm (2 9/16 in.) gross weight: 66.65 gr (0.147 lb.) axis: 12:00. Medium: silver. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Hans Reinhart the Elder.
6145-29858781
Giovanni Bernardi, The Rape of the Sabines, 1535 or before The Rape of the Sabines
6145-29934793
Bank of Algeria, 19th century Gayrard, Raymond. "Bank of Algeria, 19th century". Alloy.
6145-29149995
The Gift of the Bartholdi Statue of Liberty by the French to the American Republic, 1886 1886 Medalist: Louis-Oscar Roty French. The Gift of the Bartholdi Statue of Liberty by the French to the American Republic, 1886. Medalist: Louis-Oscar Roty (French, Paris 1846-1911 Paris). French. 1886. Bronze, silvered, struck (obverse only). Medals and Plaquettes
6145-58876629
Cover of a mirror case with a man and a woman playing chess, anonymous, c. 1350 Under an open tent, a young man and a woman sit on a couch with a chess game on their knees. The man on the left has a falcon on the left hand at a belt (), While he points to the right hand; The woman on the right resists a chess piece with her right hand and protects some pieces on her lap with the left. The man with a band in the hair wears a robe with hood and low, peaked footwear; The woman a long dress and veil. Ile-de-France ivory cutting Under an open tent, a young man and a woman sit on a couch with a chess game on their knees. The man on the left has a falcon on the left hand at a belt (), While he points to the right hand; The woman on the right resists a chess piece with her right hand and protects some pieces on her lap with the left. The man with a band in the hair wears a robe with hood and low, peaked footwear; The woman a long dress and veil. Ile-de-France ivory cutting
6145-29883128
Paduan 16th Century, Girolamo di Benedetto Pesaro, Captain of Padua 1515 (obverse), c 1515 Girolamo di Benedetto Pesaro, Captain of Padua 1515 obverse
6145-58869987
Calisto, punished by Juno, Paulus Willemsz. van Vianen (Possible), c. 1610 Round, lead plaque. In the foreground in the middle, Calisto, the beloved of Jupiter, forgetting and begging to Juno, who threatens her with raised right fist and holds her with the left hand at the hair. Behind Juno heavy tree trunks and foliage. On the left in the background Calisto, turned into punishment into a bear and her son, who installed with a bow and arched on Lord. Prague (Possible) lead (metal) casting Round, lead plaque. In the foreground in the middle, Calisto, the beloved of Jupiter, forgetting and begging to Juno, who threatens her with raised right fist and holds her with the left hand at the hair. Behind Juno heavy tree trunks and foliage. On the left in the background Calisto, turned into punishment into a bear and her son, who installed with a bow and arched on Lord. Prague (Possible) lead (metal) casting
6145-59044145
Aimé-Jules Dalou (1838-1902). "Bineur bent on the left". Terracotta, 1897. Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais. Farmer, biner, bineur curve, left, man, hoe, peasant, peasant scene, soil, terracotta, field
4409-17439435
The Damnation of Cain (Caïn maudit par l'eternel). Dated: 1878. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 7 cm (2 3/4 in.). Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Louis-Alexandre Bottée.
6145-59150494
Lazio Latina Sezze Antiquarium Comunale64. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
6145-48864846
Apulian Red-Figure Plate. Attributed to Stoke-on-Trent Painter (South Italian (Apulian), active 330 - 310 B.C.)
6145-59309735
Head of Persephone with Double Aar in the hair, in profile, Eugène Delacroix (attributed to), 1825 drawing Image of the front of a large (Carthageenense) Mint: the head of Persephone with Double Aar in the hair, in profile.  paper. pencil  (story of) Proserpina (Persephone, Core), Libera
6145-29884504
Pier Paolo Galeotti, Sun Shining on a Stormy Sea (reverse), c 1559 Sun Shining on a Stormy Sea reverse
4409-17544103
Stater (Coin) Depicting the Goddess Athena. Greek, minted in Syracuse, Sicily. Date: 345 BC-317 BC. Dimensions: Diam. 2 cm; 8.65 g. Silver. Origin: Syracuse. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, USA. Author: ANCIENT GREEK.
4409-17477596
Clara and Lizzie, Daughters of Frederick and Elizabeth Shattuck. Dated: model 1893, cast 1894. Dimensions: overall (oval): 60.6 x 57.8 x 4.2 cm (23 7/8 x 22 3/4 x 1 5/8 in.). Medium: bronze. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Bela Lyon Pratt.
6145-59211033
Abruzzo L'Aquila S. Giuliano (L'Aquila environs) Museo7. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Views of the four collections housed in museum: Roman coins; Pre-Columbian art brought from Central America in 17th century; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts. Museum Roman coins; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts; Pre-Columbian sculpture. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
6145-46802079
Heavy Miliarensis of Constantine II, Emperor of Rome fromSiscia. Ruler: Constantine II, Emperor of Rome, A.D. 316-340 Mint: Siscia Artist: Unknown
6145-29853870
Valentin Maler, Jakob Muffel, 1509 1569, Patrician of Nuremberg, 1569 Jakob Muffel, 1509-1569, Patrician of Nurembergtitle QS:P1476,en:Jakob Muffel, 1509-1569, Patrician of Nuremberg label QS:Len,Jakob Muffel, 1509-1569, Patrician of Nuremberg label QS:Lde,Jakob Muffel, 1509-1569, Patrizier aus Nürnberg
6145-29934821
School of Commerce and Industrial Arts, 19th Century DOMARD, Joseph François. "School of Commerce and Industrial Arts, 19th century". Copper.
6145-50506713
seal of the Krotoszyn Town Hall. Magistrat, administrator, Krotoszyn, signatory
6145-59016649
Emile Rogat (1799-1852). "Municipal price of the Free Drawing School of Paris, 1848". Copper. 1848. Paris, Carnavalet museum. 102018-4
4409-17439315
Portrait of a Lady. Dated: late 16th century. Dimensions: overall (oval): 6.97 × 5.36 cm (2 3/4 × 2 1/8 in.) gross weight: 31.74 gr (0.07 lb.). Medium: lead//Cast hollow. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Alfonso Ruspagiari.
6145-29934907
Art directs nature "/" alone, I wear the world ", restoration Puymaurin, Jean-Pierre Casimir de Marcassus de, Baron. "" Art directs nature "/" alone, I wear the world ", restoration". Bronze.
6145-59041280
CAQUE, Armand-Auguste (n.1793-D.1881-12), coronation of Charles X (main title). Patinated plaster. Petit Palais, Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris.
6145-29885163
Probably Italian 16th Century, Enrico Ambanelli, probably 1423 Enrico Ambanelli
6145-46825555
Marcello from Venice with Duke AndreaVendramin.   Subject: Duke Andrea Vendramin, Venetian, 1393-1478 Mint: Venice Artist: Unknown
6145-59211072
Abruzzo L'Aquila S. Giuliano (L'Aquila environs) Museo9. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Views of the four collections housed in museum: Roman coins; Pre-Columbian art brought from Central America in 17th century; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts. Museum Roman coins; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts; Pre-Columbian sculpture. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
4409-17484259
Jakob Muffel, 1509-1569, Patrician of Nuremberg. Dated: 1569. Dimensions: overall (diameter): 5.57 cm (2 3/16 in.) gross weight: 24.17 gr (0.053 lb.). Medium: lead//Cast hollow. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Valentin Maler.
6145-29791968
Sardonyx cameo portrait of the Emperor Augustus ca. A.D. 41-54 Roman The cameo depicts Augustus as a triumphant demigod wearing the aegis, a cape usually associated with Jupiter and Minerva. Here, it is decorated with the head of a wind god, perhaps intended as a personification of the summer winds that brought the corn fleet from Egypt to Rome and so an oblique reference to Augustuss annexation of Egypt after the defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra at Actium in 31 B.C. Listen to experts illuminate this artwork's story Listen Play or pause #1074. Sardonyx cameo portrait of the Emperor Augustus Supported by Bloomberg Philanthropies We're sorry, the transcript for this audio track is not available at this time. We are working to make it available as soon as possible.. Sardonyx cameo portrait of the Emperor Augustus. Roman. ca. A.D. 41-54. Sardonyx. Early Imperial, Claudian. Gems
5513-72505989
100th Anniversary Farmer & Company, Limited.Commemorative Plaque: Symbolism - Mercury joins hands of Prosperity and Australia, symbolising the important role played by Commerce in the development of the immense Natural wealth of this country.Inscription reads: Let Bonds of Kinship Join With Bonds of Trade for Common Wealth. September 25, 1940.
6145-59150458
Lazio Latina Sezze Antiquarium Comunale48. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
6145-59211055
Abruzzo L'Aquila S. Giuliano (L'Aquila environs) Museo2. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Views of the four collections housed in museum: Roman coins; Pre-Columbian art brought from Central America in 17th century; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts. Museum Roman coins; Greek and Roman sculpture; Egyptian sculpture and minor arts; Pre-Columbian sculpture. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
1899-19188254
Arnulf (850-899), also known as Arnulf of Carinthia, was the illegitimate son of King Carloman of Bavaria and nephew of Emperor Charles the Fat. Arnulf became Duke of Carinthia, and more or less ruled Bavaria as well. Arnulf's ambition led him to lead a bloodless revolt in 887 that saw his uncle deposed as emperor and Arnulf crowned as King of East Francia. Arnulf was a warrior king rather than a diplomatic one, constantly battling the Slavs, Danes and Normans. He took advantage of internal strife in West Francia to secure the territory of Lotharingia, giving it to his son. He intervened constantly in West Francia, playing the different king claimants against each other to secure more territory for himself. He invaded Italy in 894 at the pope's behest, becoming King of Italy. He was later crowned Holy Roman emperor in 896. Arnulf suffered a stroke while campaigning against his rivals in Italy, and he had to retreat back to Bavaria, soon losing control of Italy. He died in December 899,
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