My Boards
View Pictures
  • My Boards

Decorative Religious Crosses

A collection of intricately designed religious crosses from various eras, showcasing craftsmanship in metalwork and decorative elements.

Reliquary
Reliquary
192 assets in this story
4409-19322173
Cruz Procesional, siglo XV, Iglesia parroquial de Conesa.
1525-22231610
Ornamental religious cross against white background.
4409-64403564
Cruz Procesional, siglo XV. Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya.
6145-29810275
Processional Cross ca. 1000-1050 Byzantine Elaborately decorated crosses were widely used in religious, military, and imperial processions during the Middle Byzantine era. Often, as here, inscriptions in Greek identify the holy figures depicted in portrait busts. On the front of this cross, the central medallion contains a bust of Christ. The archangels Michael and Gabriel, the guardians of heaven, are pictured above and below him. To left and right are the traditional intercessors on behalf of humankind: the Virgin Mary, Mother of Christ, and John the Forerunner (Saint John the Baptist).The inscription at the base on the back of the cross identifies it as the votive gift (supplication) of a Bishop Leo. It was probably offered in honor of Saint Thalelaios, a physician, who is shown in the back central medallion with the symbols of his profession, a medical case and the pointed surgical tool known as a lancet. To the sides are saints Nicholas and John Chrysostom, two of the most importa
1899-45147
Processional cross, by Roman or Umbrian Work, 1150 - 1150, 12th Century, pressed silver, embossed and gilded, wood core. Italy: Umbria: Perugia: Assisi: Treasury Museum of San Francesco Basilica. Whole artwork. Processional cross front Jesus Christ crucifixion gold
6145-29165466
Watch ca. 1620-30 Watchmaker: Anthoine Arlaud Arlaud, a Huguenot refugee from the French Auvergne, was the first in a dynasty of Geneva watchmakers. He became a burgher in Geneva in 1617. The form of this watch and the scene of the Risen Christ, with the emblems of the Passion, are surely reminders of the brevity of life on earth and of the importance of the salvation of the soul.. Watch 194198
6145-45429691
Reliquary
4409-65763287
Cruz Procesional, 1420. Iglesia parroquial de Ribera de Cardós, Lleida.
4409-17389772
Processional Cross. Culture: Spanish. Dimensions: Overall: 14 1/4 x 20 3/4 in. (36.2 x 52.7 cm). Date: 11th century. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.
1899-17319667
Reliquary cross. Germany. Cologne. First half of the 13th cent. Wood, copper, silver, gilt, gems. The State Hermitage Museum. Saint Petersburg. Russia.
4409-21479421
Reliquary cross. Germany. Cologne. First half of the 13th cent. Wood, copper, silver, gilt, gems. The State Hermitage Museum. Saint Petersburg. Russia.
6145-29731245
The Four Evangelists 16th century; stand, second half 19th century Attributed to Valerio Belli (Il Vicentino). The Four Evangelists 208174
4409-17503098
Processional Cross. Culture: Amhara or Tigrinya peoples. Dimensions: H. 12 13/16 x W. 6 11/16 in. (32.5 x 17 cm). Date: 13th-14th century.Ethiopian Orthodox Churches retain a variety of crosses for use in liturgical ceremonies. Among the most common are crosses outfitted with sockets, such as this example, which could be mounted on a staff and carried during services or processions. The juxtaposition of positive and negative space employed in the cross would have created a dramatic silhouette against the sky during an outdoor procession, or cast an imposing shadow during a candlelit service.Like all Ethiopian crosses, this cross was made by a monk at the request of an elite patron. Wealthy devotees commissioned gifts to bestow upon monasteries to receive prayers and increase their reputation, as well as to support the faith. The majority of Ethiopian crosses were cast in brass using the lost-wax casting technique. Because it allows for only one of each object to be created, the techn
6188-55553518
Reverse of the Cross of Lanciano, vintage engraving. Reverse of the Cross of Lanciano, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1846. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10673288
1788-21783149
Gold crucifix, St Martin's church, Bollate, Lombardy, Italy, 18th century.
4409-19321994
Cruz Procesional de Xert, siglo XIV, Iglesia Parroquial.
1788-27567
Silversmith's art, 16th century. Silver leaf crucifix.
4409-17273540
CUSTODIA GOTICO-FLAMENCA. Location: CATEDRAL VIEJA. Plasencia. CACERES. SPAIN.
6145-45432515
Hutsul Cross (Single Armed) unknown
6145-43621017
Procession cross from the 13th century excavated from the underground of the cathedral of Sandomierz, from the collection of Antoni Strzałecki ; drawing for the publication: Dominika Jeżewskiego Skarbiec Zabytków Polskich znajdujących się w prywatnych zbi. Sztolcman, Władysław Roman (1873-1950), painter
6188-63897344
Jesus Golden Jesus on the engraved wooden cross Copyright: xZoonar.com/Baloncicix 14773595
1788-27075
Goldsmith's art, Italy, 17th century. Gold and gems cross with the Relics of the Passion, 1620, by the goldsmiths at the Court of de' Medici. Detail.
6145-29828236
Crucifix ca. 1450. Crucifix 458965
6145-59066409
Cross thorough; Unknown Ethiopian workshop (1400-1970); 19th century (1801-00-00-1900-00-00);Chojnacki, Stanisław (1915-2010) - gift, gift (provenance), Ethiopian crosses, hand crosses, Serafin (Bible)
4443-21916534
Van Gastel, Silver monstrance, monstrance liturgical vessel silver glass metal, religion church Roman Catholicism liturgy Rotterdam
4409-45675
Cross of the Emperor Lothair II (835-869). 11th century. Gold and precious gems. Aachen Cathedral Treasury. Germany.
4409-17283884
CUSTODIA DE PLATA SOBREDORADA Y ESMALTES - PRIMER CUARTO DEL SIGLO XVII - CIRCULO LLERENENSE. Author: ESCUELA DE LLERENA (S XVII). Location: IGLESIA DE NUESTRA SEÑORA DE LA ENCARNACION. PUEBLA DE LA CALZADA. Badajoz. SPAIN.
4409-65763286
Cruz Procesional, 1420. Iglesia parroquial de Ribera de Cardós, Lleida.
6145-59153181
Lazio Rieti Rieti Museo del Tesoro del Duomo9. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Photos are all of metalwork: crucifixes, chalices and monstrances in most part. Negatives without prints also show some statuary. Owner: Cathedral Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: December 27, 1982. His notes indicate that this is the "Museum of the Processional Cross," however TCI indicates that it is the Museo del Tesoro del Duomo. It is also possible that negatives without prints may belong to the Museo Civico in Rieti. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site c
4443-20270524
Abruzzo, L'Aquila, Trasacco, SS. Rufino e Cesidio, Italy, 20th century, photo, photography, Europe
4443-75463046
Old copper chandelier, located in the Blagoveshchenskii Cathedral in Moscow, in the Ioann Bogoslov side-altar. Chromolithography by F. Dreher, published between 1849 and 1853
1899-44998
Reliquary Cross, by Holzmann Bernardo, Merlini Cosimo II (The Younger), 1618, 17th Century, embossed and chased gold, enamels, miscellaneous gems. Italy: Tuscany: Florence: Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore Museum. Detail. Reliquary cross gold embossed pedestal fragment cross Jesus Christ wood thorn piece dress/clothes gems decoration enamels precious stones
6145-45317304
Cross
4409-18643677
Cruz del Monasterio de Santa María de Vilabertrán, siglo XIV.
4409-12611
GRAN CRUZ PROFESIONAL DE PLATA SOBREDORADA. Author: ENRIQUE DE ARFE (1475-1545). Location: CATEDRAL DE SAN MARTIN. Orense. SPAIN.
6145-30193436
Monstrance 1631 Spain. Silver and gilt bronze . Johannes de Nusco
6145-59153137
Lazio Rieti Rieti Museo del Tesoro del Duomo3. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Photos are all of metalwork: crucifixes, chalices and monstrances in most part. Negatives without prints also show some statuary. Owner: Cathedral Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: December 27, 1982. His notes indicate that this is the "Museum of the Processional Cross," however TCI indicates that it is the Museo del Tesoro del Duomo. It is also possible that negatives without prints may belong to the Museo Civico in Rieti. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site c
6145-48530062
Krzyżyk zdobiony scenami ewangelicznymi. Snycerz grecki (fl. 1300-1399), author
1746-29014009
Enkolpian Russian Orthodox, Kievan (Kiev), cross. Cast bronze, 11th-13th century
6145-29728675
Processional cross 19th century, after 17th century original British, after Russian original This electrotype is after a seventeenth-century original a treasure of the Patriarch, Moscow, at the time of reproduction.. Processional cross 186602
1899-28900548
Paschal candle in a catholic church. France.
6188-55554916
Madrid museum, Madrid museum, Ivory Christ once preserves the treasury of the Cathedral of Leon, vintage engraving. Madrid museum, Madrid museum, Ivory Christ once preserves the treasury of the Cathedral of Leon, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1870. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10679331
6145-59066403
Cross thorough; Unknown Ethiopian workshop (1400-1970); XX W (1900-00-00-1960-00-00);deposit of Wacław Korabiewicz, crosses, Ethiopian crosses, hand crosses
4409-9717
RELICARIO DE LA VERA CRUZ - CRUZ DE ORO Y PIEDRAS PRECIOSAS 1230 - PIE 1200 - PLATA SOBREDORADA. Location: CATEDRAL DE SANTA MARIA. ASTORGA. LEON. SPAIN.
6145-45567576
Bliżej Kultury unknown
1848-67225522
Reliquary cross in the German Blade Museum, detail with relics
1885-9645
Russian Federation, , General, Double-headed eagle - symbol of Russian Tsars
4409-53365111
13th century reliquary cross, Vitoria, María Inmaculada Cathedral, Álava, Spain.
6145-45351642
Commemorative cross Sztorc, Henryk
4409-19322073
Cruz Procesional, siglo XV, Iglesia parroquial de Cuencabuena.
4409-19322045
Cruz Procesional, siglo XV, Iglesia parroquial de Olot.
6145-59054723
Cross - "Ango Great advice"; Unknown Russian workshop (1700-1970); 19th century (1801-00-00-1900-00-00);Angel of the Great Council (iconogr.), Jesus Christ, Mandilion (iconogr.), Angels, inscriptions, crosses, wings
4409-21387129
CUSTODIA DE STO TOMAS (1734). Author: SOSA ILDEFONSO. Location: IGREJA DE SAO DOMINGOS. SAN CRISTOBAL DE LA LAGUNA. TENERIFFA. SPAIN.
6145-59124042
Abruzzo Teramo Atri Cattedrale, Museo Capitolare3. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Metalwork, woodwork Salone 2 Post-medieval: Woodwork, metalwork (processional cross, reliquary, enamel) predella, architectural elements, sculpture; ceramics (6 plates, one vase, all attributed to Francesco Grue General views of galleries. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
6145-30189155
Christ on the Cross with the Virgin and Saint John the Evangelist 1575-1600 Germany. Gold, enamel, baroque pearls, rubies, emeralds, and diamonds .
4409-28826638
Reliquary of the arrow of San Sebastian, Gothic, XIV century, Palma Cathedral Museum, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
1899-28510970
Votive Cross Of Justin Ii. 1959 Vatican Museums
6145-59153192
Lazio Rieti Rieti Museo del Tesoro del Duomo5. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Photos are all of metalwork: crucifixes, chalices and monstrances in most part. Negatives without prints also show some statuary. Owner: Cathedral Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: December 27, 1982. His notes indicate that this is the "Museum of the Processional Cross," however TCI indicates that it is the Museo del Tesoro del Duomo. It is also possible that negatives without prints may belong to the Museo Civico in Rieti. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site c
1848-67292014
Sacrament house. The parish church Beatae Mariä Virgines (Visitation of the Virgin Mary) is a former fortified and pilgrimage church, St., Sankt, Saint
6145-58874143
Crucifix decorated with French lilies, anonymous, c. 1800 - c. 1900 The cross, the lower vertical part of which has been completely renewed, is decorated with French lilies on the three other ends and has a punched aureool at the intersection. The crucified Christ is a fake from the nineteenth century and carried out according to the type that was common in Germany in the 12th century. Northern Netherlands brass (alloy) casting The cross, the lower vertical part of which has been completely renewed, is decorated with French lilies on the three other ends and has a punched aureool at the intersection. The crucified Christ is a fake from the nineteenth century and carried out according to the type that was common in Germany in the 12th century. Northern Netherlands brass (alloy) casting
6145-59197694
Tuscany Siena Sinalunga S. Bernardino. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Exterior views of portal. Portal and vestibule date from the 15th cent. The church, with its octagonal cupola, date from the 17th cent. Interior views include: 4 of the Stations of the Cross, located in the vestibule; and frescoes of the Annunciation, a Baptism of Christ, and a Madonna & Child, which was painted in 1486 by Guidoccio Cozzarelli. There are also photos of architectural details of the octagonal cupola and of a wooden crucifix. Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: March 7, 1983. Although there are notes for only one campaign, there is a second set of photos similar to, but not exactly like, the recorded set. The original numbers of this second set do not correspond to the numbers on the notes. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of
4409-65763281
Cruz Procesional, 1415. Iglesia parroquial de Verdú, Lleida.
6145-59153202
Lazio Rieti Rieti Museo del Tesoro del Duomo0. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Photos are all of metalwork: crucifixes, chalices and monstrances in most part. Negatives without prints also show some statuary. Owner: Cathedral Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: December 27, 1982. His notes indicate that this is the "Museum of the Processional Cross," however TCI indicates that it is the Museo del Tesoro del Duomo. It is also possible that negatives without prints may belong to the Museo Civico in Rieti. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site c
1746-21119879
Crucifix of King Agiluf of Lombardy. Agilulf (died 616) called the Thuringian, was a duke of Turin and king of the Lombard's from 591 until his death.
6145-59084890
Gothic mass cup;  around 1450; XV/XVI (foot) (1445-00-00-1455-00-00);Barbara (Saint - -306), Bartłomiej Apostle (Saint - - -70), Katarzyna (Saint), Church of Corpus Christi (Gdańsk) - collection, Madonna with the Child (iconogr.), Paweł the Apostle (Saint. - ca 8-ca 67), Piotr the Apostle (Saint- -a 64), Gothic (style), purchase (provenance), saints
4443-21918401
Driven gilded silver monstrance with angels on halo, monstrance liturgical vessel holder silver gold glass, City sign Rotterdam - Holland Rotterdam City triangle Scaffolding church City church Sint Dominicus religion Originating from the Steigerse church (City church) Rotterdam.
1783-36977
Niger, Northern Niger, Air Region, Siler Pendant With Famous Cross Of Agadez
1899-67410
Saint Emmanuel church cross in Lalibela
1899-67750
Chaldean patriarch's cross
6188-60999407
golden religious artifact in the museum in the Episcopal Palace of Segovia Segovia, Spain - 7 April, 2024: golden religious artifact in the museum in the Episcopal Palace of Segovia Copyright: xZoonar.com/NandoxLardix 21707319
4409-28799427
Processional cross, 16th century, gilt silver, comes from the church of San Julian y Basilisa de Bagues,Diocesan Museum of Jaca, Huesca, Spain.
4409-63023599
Episcopal mitre, embroidered silk, leather applications and cabochon glass, 20th century, Huesca Diocesan Museum, Aragon community, Spain.
1746-29014069
Ethiopian Coptic Christian processional cross. Brass 20th century
1899-17319872
Scandinavia. Crucifix. St. Halvardskirken. Oslo, 13th century. Norway. Historical Museum. Oslo. Norway.
6145-29815534
Chasuble 16th century Italian or Spanish. Chasuble 219818
6145-59153191
Lazio Rieti Rieti Museo del Tesoro del Duomo0. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Photos are all of metalwork: crucifixes, chalices and monstrances in most part. Negatives without prints also show some statuary. Owner: Cathedral Object Notes: Hutzel photo campaign date: December 27, 1982. His notes indicate that this is the "Museum of the Processional Cross," however TCI indicates that it is the Museo del Tesoro del Duomo. It is also possible that negatives without prints may belong to the Museo Civico in Rieti. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site c
4409-54747
ARTE GOTICO. ESPAÑA. OSTENTORIO-RETABLO (c. primer cuarto del s. XVI) de plata sobredorada. Obra de tipología gótica tradicional con ornamentación tardo-gótica que introduce elementos renacentistas en el nudo del eje vertical. Detalle. Iglesia parroquial de San Juan Bautista. Horta de Sant Joan. Provincia de Tarragona. Cataluña.
4409-20931838
Monstrance of the Cathedral of La Seu d'Urgell. Museum: MUSEO DE LA CATEDRAL DE URGELL.
4409-50052781
Madrid 06-21-2012 report for the Madrid Section of the Hidden Corners of the Valley of the Fallen photo Jaime Garcia Archdc.
4409-19322097
Cruz de Les Perles, siglo XVI. Museu-Tresor de la Catedral de Girona / Museo Tesoro de la Catedral de Gerona.
4409-164646
Detailed Cross enamels, 14th century. Gothic. Author: PERE BERNES.
1899-20090632
Shakhya Tharig Buddhist Monastery..
4141-60692314
Japan, Kyoto, Higashi Honganji Temple, gate,
1558-13905595
Summit cross on Zugspitze, the highest mountain of Germany
4266-21596
The cope by Anonymous  / Museo della Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta di Gandino/ 16th century/ Italy/ Wool, handwoven/ Applied Arts/ Objects
1848-67230200
Monstrance, goldsmithing and textile art from the 16th to the 20th century, St., Sankt, Saint
6137-28665319
St Ann church. The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the whole world. Agnus Dei.  Turckheim. France.
1899-30030621
St Ann church. The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the whole world. Agnus Dei.  Turckheim. France.
6145-29818888
Keman (Flower Garland” Temple Decoration) ca. 1725 Japan Keman (Sanskrit: kusumamala) literally means garland of flowers,” and refers to pendant decorative disks, usually made of bronze in the shape of a round fan (uchiwa), that are suspended from beams of inner sanctuary of a temple, above a Buddhist statue. They are thought to have their origin in the garlands of fresh flowers that were offered to nobles in ancient India.. Keman (Flower Garland” Temple Decoration) 60013
4409-20921401
RELICARIO EXAGONAL EN PLATA SOBREDORADA. Location: CATEDRAL MUSEO DIOCESANO. Orense. SPAIN.
6145-29857766
German 19th Century, The Crucifixion The Crucifixion
6145-29091786
Forehead Pendant with Sun God Surya in a Chariot with Attendants, 1600s or 1700s. Nepal, Kathmandu Valley. Gold set with jewels and semi-precious stones; overall: 8 x 4.6 cm (3 1/8 x 1 13/16 in.). This pendant was made to hang on a sculpture of a deity under worship in a Nepalese temple. The image of the Sun God, venerated by both Buddhists and Hindus, is carved in translucent golden stones set into a framework of gold wire.He holds two lotuses with emeralds in the center.
1848-64045075
The papal coat-of-arms
4409-17267653
CRUZ PROCESIONAL CON ESMALTES-S XIV-REVERSO. Author: PERE BERNES (S. XIV). Location: COLEGIATA. Jativa. Valencia. SPAIN.
1746-21125911
Lajvardina star and cross tiles . From Iran. Dated 13th Century
6145-59152624
Lazio Rieti Poggio Mirteto Assunta, Cathedral6. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Exterior views of apse, flanks, and brick, two-story facade of 17th c. cathedral, with details of tympanum and crest. Interior views of naves, altar, chapels, details of baroque stucco decoration, altar painting by Giovanni Baglione, other paintings, statues, cupola, and 16th c. silver processional cross in sacristy. German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.
4409-170799
PARTE TRASERA DE LA VIRGEN DEL SAGRARIO - SIGLO XIII - TALLA ROMANICA RECUBIERTA DE PLATA. Location: CATEDRAL-INTERIOR, TOLEDO, SPAIN.
4409-17279607
PARTE TRASERA DE LA VIRGEN DEL SAGRARIO - SIGLO XIII - TALLA ROMANICA RECUBIERTA DE PLATA. Location: CATEDRAL-INTERIOR. Toledo. SPANIEN.
6145-59053700
ENKOLPION (pole) with images; Unknown Ruthenian workshop; XV-XVI century (1400-00-00-1500-00-00);Maria (Mother of Jesus Christ), Mikołaj née Lycyska (Saint - Ca 270- Ca 345), Olga (Saint - Ca 890-969), Enkolpia, Inscriptions, crosses, temples, saints
7222-71317280
Spain, Andalusia, Seville. Nazarenos carrying silver club with the respective brotherhood's emblem
PREVIOUS
of 2
NEXT
2401 S. Ervay, Suite 206
Dallas, Texas 75215
United States
Get Started
Free ResearchMy BoardsMy Cart
For Creators
How To License Your ContentContributor PortalFrame of Mind
Resources
API accessPricing
Contact
+1 866 236 0087help@viewpictures.co.uk Contact form
©2026 View Pictures. All Rights Reserved. -A
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.