Mars Polar Exploration Images

Martian landscape visuals capturing polar regions and changing weather patterns, showcasing features like dunes and clouds from a spacecraft perspective.

Mars Polar Lander: The Search Continues

This VIS image shows part of Olympia Undae, the immense dune field that surrounds part of the north polar cap. At the top of the image the dunes are small and isolated. As the amount of available sand increases the density of dunes increases. This is seen at the bottom of the image. Collected during northern summer, the dunes are completely free of ice and frost. Orbit Number 80006 Latitude 80.2396 Longitude 147.34 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-12-28 00 45

With the changing of seasons comes changes in weather. This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows clouds in the north polar region. The surface is just barely visible in part of the image.

Discovery of the Wavemaker

Mars Polar Lander: The Search Continues

These bright and dark windstreaks are located in the plains surrounding the north polar cap

Bright clumps of ring material and a fan-like structure appear near the core of Saturn's tenuous F ring in this mosaic of images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Such features suggest the existence of additional objects in the F ring.

This NASA Mars Odyssey image shows a portion of the summit region of Arsia Mons, one of the four giant volcanoes in the Tharsis region of Mars. This volcano stands more than 20 km above the surrounding plains, and is about 450 km in diameter at its base.

This Mars MOC image shows a portion of the south polar residual cap of Mars. The bright, relatively homogeneous-appearing material extending from top (north) to bottom (south) is mainly composed of solid carbon dioxide

Skiopticon image from the Department of Photography at the Royal Institute of Technology. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as lecture material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm 1948-1958.Tamkelning, Chemistry. Unidentified developer at different temperatures.

Among the first pictures in the series. The production of the pictures was made by Associate Professor John Hertzberg in 1930 in photography, Technical College. Photography, KTH.

This image from by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a small portion of the vast region of dunes around the north polar.

Skiopticon image from the Department of Photography at the Royal Institute of Technology. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as lecture material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm 1948-1958.Fortkelningsffteftrymer due to currents in a bath, in which the film surface has been kept vertical.Bäckström, Helmer. Photographic manual. Nature and Culture. Stockholm. 1942. p. 463.

Cassini obtained the images in this mosaic on May 28, 2017, looking over the horizon just after its sixth pass through the gap between Saturn and its rings as part of the mission's Grand Finale. In this view, Saturn looms in the foreground on the left, adorned by ring shadows. To the right, the rings emerge from behind the planet's hazy limb, stretching outward from Cassini's perspective. The view is of the rings' unilluminated face, where sunlight filters through from the other side. The part of the planet seen here is in the southern hemisphere. For another mosaic showing the view from between Saturn and the rings, see PIA21898. A previously released movie sequence showed Cassini's changing view, gazing out upon the rings as the spacecraft passed through the ring plane from north to south (see PIA21886). The Cassini spacecraft ended its mission on Sept. 15, 2017. A wider, uncropped version of the mosaic, which shows more of the rings, is also available at

This VIS image shows the margin between the polar cap and the surrounding plains. There are dunes on the plains at the top of the image. In the upper left corner it can be seen that the dunes have been blown onto an extension of the ice. The rest of the image is dominated by the ice of the polar cap. The polar cap is formed of layers and layers of ice and dust formed over millions of years. The dust allows the layering to be easily visible. Orbit Number 71623 Latitude 83.6309 Longitude 116.67 Instrument VIS Captured 2018-02-05 14 49

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

Today's VIS image shows part of Olympia Undae, the largest of several dune fields that encircle the north polar cap. This image was collected in the spring season. Orbit Number 78164 Latitude 80.7292 Longitude 224.712 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-07-29 08 37

Collection Dutch Heidematschappij. Micro recording / cross section. undated

This close-up view of the core of Saturn's narrow outlying F ring provides an unprecedented look at the fine scale structure of this highly perturbed ring

This 1899 silver gelatin photograph by Albert Edler von Obermayer shows the formation of light patterns as stripes, illustrating photochemical effects in an experimental setup.

This image is part of a set of images obtained by NASA's Cassini spacecraft showing a propeller-shaped structure created by a hidden, embedded moon moving through one of Saturn's rings. An animation is available at the Photojournal.

Jupiter's Main Ring and Halo

Cable tie, X-ray

$Osteoporosis. Institute of Prevention and Researches on Osteoporosis (IPROS), Porte Madeleine Hospital, Orléans, France. The unit 658 of the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm) carries researches on bone characterization. Here, a 3D micro CT scan of a fractured neck of the femur with osteoporosis.$

Glass diapositive photograph by Emil Zettnow showing a subject captured using microphotography technique, highlighting microscopic details in black-and-white.

An enigmatic large basin appears in the south polar region of Saturn's moon Titan at the center of this Titan Radar Mapper image from NASA's Cassini spacecraft acquired on June 22, 2009.

Photograph of a Bev Proton from the Cosmotron colliding with a proton in the liquid hydrogen bubble chamber. Six charged prongs emerge from the interaction. Dated 20th Century

P-34669 Range 2.6 million km. ( 1.6 million miles ) Smallest Resolvable Feature 50 km or 31 miles These two Voyager 2 images, shot through clear filters, show the largest of the new moons of Neptune, 1989N1, discovered by Voyager. The satellite, made of dark material that reflects about 6 % of incident sunlight, has an average radius of about 200 kilometers ( 124 miles ) and an irregular shape. Its similiar appearance in the two images shows that the shape seen here is not the result of image noise or smear. This may the largest satellite in the solar system with such an irregular shape. satellite 1989N1 is slightly larger than the previously known small Neptunian moon Nereid but is very much darker.

Yard Sub-Surface Survey. Glass Plate Negatives of the Construction and Repair of Buildings, Facilities, and Vessels at the New York Navy Yard.

This VIS image of Olympia Undae was collected early in north polar spring. The crests of the dunes are light colored, indicative of a frost covering. As the season changes into summertime, the dune crests will lose the frost and reveal the darker sand beneath. The margin of the north polar cap is visible at the top of the image. Olympia Undae is a vast dune field in the north polar region of Mars. It consists of a broad sand sea or erg that partly rings the north polar cap from about 120° to 240°E longitude and 78° to 83°N latitude. The dune field covers an area of approximately 470,000 km2 (bigger than California, smaller than Texas). Olympia Undae is the largest continuous dune field on Mars. Olympia Undae is not the only dune field near the north polar cap, several other smaller fields exist in the same latitude, but in other ranges of longitude, e.g. Abolos and Siton Undae. Barchan and transverse dune forms are the most common. In regions with limited available sand individual barc

P-34679 Range 2 million km. ( 1.2 million miles ) In this Voyager 2, wide-angle image, the two main rings of Neptune can be clearly seen. In the lower part of the frame, the originally-announced ring arc, consisting of three distinct features, is visible. This feature covers about 35 degrees of longitude and has yet to be radially resolved in Voyager Images. from higher resolution images it is known that this region contains much more material than the diffuse belts seen elsewhere in its orbit, which seem to encircle the planet. This is consistent with the fact that ground-based observations of stellar occultations by the rings show them to be very broken and clumpy. The more sensitive, wide-angle camera is revealing more widely distributed but fainter material. Each of these rings of material lies just outside of the orbit of a newly discovered moon. One of these moons, 1989N2, may be seen in the upper right corner. The moon is streaked by its orbital motion, whereas the stars in the

This image of the north polar cap captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows the layering of ice and dust materials.

This image taken by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter features three newly-formed slope streaks. These are features which occur on crater walls, hills, and other slopes on Mars.

Dust Devil in Gusev Crater, Sol 445

Today's VIS image shows a small portion of Olympia Undae. This large dune field surrounds part of the north polar cap. Orbit Number 77198 Latitude 81.3618 Longitude 159.11 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-05-10 19 20

The Hun Tian Yi Tong Xing Xiang Quan Tu (州石刻天文圖) or Suzhou Star Chart (淳祐天文図) indicates 1434 stars grouped into 280 Asterisms in a chart of the Northern Skies.

This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a sand sheet with surface dune forms on the floor of an unnamed crater in Terra Cimmeria.

P-29508BW Range 1.12 million kilometers (690,000 miles) This clear-filter view of the Uranian rings delta, gamma, eta, beta and alpha (from top) was taken with Voyager 2's narrow-angle camera and clearly illustrates the broad outer component and narrow inner component of the eta ring, which orbits Uranus at a radius of some 47,000 km (29,000 mi). The broad component is considerably more transparent than the dense, narrow inner eta component, as well as the other narrow rings shown. Resolution here is about 10 km (6 mi).

Spring time brings storms to the north polar region of Mars. This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a storm front, as bright clouds shadow and obscure the surface.

This VIS image of Olympia Undae was collected during north polar summer. The dune crests have completely lost the winter frosts, revealing the dark sand. The density of dunes and the alignments of the dune crests varies with location, controlled by the amount of available sand and the predominant winds over time. Olympia Undae is a vast dune field in the north polar region of Mars. It consists of a broad sand sea or erg that partly rings the north polar cap from about 120° to 240°E longitude and 78° to 83°N latitude. The dune field covers an area of approximately 470,000 km2 (bigger than California, smaller than Texas). Olympia Undae is the largest continuous dune field on Mars. Olympia Undae is not the only dune field near the north polar cap, several other smaller fields exist in the same latitude, but in other ranges of longitude, e.g. Abolos and Siton Undae. Barchan and transverse dune forms are the most common. In regions with limited available sand individual barchan dunes will f

Skiopticon image from the Department of Photography at the Royal Institute of Technology. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as lecture material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm 1948-1958. Measurement of steel with different levels of chrome.For more info SE: Tupholme, c.h.s. Photography in Engineering. Faber & Faber. London. 1945. p. 32-33.

Today's VIS image shows part of Richardson Crater. A large sand sheet covers most of the floor of the crater. Linear dune forms are visible on the top of the sand mound. The dunes in this image are different from crater dunes found further north, due to the amount of ice present most of the year. Richardson Crater is 89 km (55 miles) in diameter. Orbit Number 84367 Latitude -72.6504 Longitude 179.957 Instrument VIS Captured 2020-12-21 01 36

This image shows a comparison between a Magellan image (right) and the highest resolution Earth-based radar image of Venus, obtained by the US National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center's Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. The small white bot in the Arecibo image on the left corresponds to the Magellan image. This portion of a Magellan radar image strip shows a small region on the east flank of a major volcanic upland called Beta Regio. The image is centered a t 23 degrees north latitude and 286.7 degrees east longitude. The ridge and valley network in the middle part of the image is formed by intersecting faults which have broken the Venusian crust into a complex deformed type of surface called tessera, the Latin word for tile. The parallel mountains and valleys resemble the Basin and Range Province kn the western United States. The irregular dark patch near the top of the image is a smooth surface, proboably formed by lava flows in a region about 10 km (6 mi.) across. Similar dark sur

Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 295 degrees West)

Olympia Undae. This VIS image of Olympia Undae was collected early in north polar spring. The dunes are still covered by the winter frosts; as the region heats up the frost will dissipate to reveal the dark sand beneath. The density of dunes and the alignments of the dune crests varies with location, controlled by the amount of available sand and the predominant winds over time. Olympia Undae is a vast dune field in the north polar region of Mars. It consists of a broad sand sea or erg that partly rings the north polar cap from about 120° to 240°E longitude and 78° to 83°N latitude. The dune field covers an area of approximately 470,000 km2 (bigger than California, smaller than Texas). Olympia Undae is the largest continuous dune field on Mars. Olympia Undae is not the only dune field near the north polar cap, several other smaller fields exist in the same latitude, but in other ranges of longitude, e.g. Abolos and Siton Undae. Barchan and transverse dune forms are the most common. In

M51 (depicted - name).M51 (depicted - name)

Collection Dutch Heidematschappij. Micro recording / cross section. undated

Keesler Air Force Base (AFB), Mississippi - Project Blue Book Film Project "BLUE BOOK"

Phases of the formation of the earth, according to the theory of Burnet, vintage engraved illustration. From the Universe and Humanity, 1910.

P-29516 BW Range 125, 000 kilometers (78,000 miles) Voyager 2's wide-angle camera captured this view of the outer part of the Uranian ring system just 11 minutes before passing though the ring plane. The resolution in this clear-filter view is slightly better than 9 km (6 mi). The brightest, outermost ring is known as epsilon. Interior to epsilon lie (from top) the newly discovered 10th ring of Uranus--designated 1986UR1 and barely visible here--and then the delta, gamma and eta rings.

Skiotikonbild from Department of Photography at Royal Technical High Coaln. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as teaching material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology 1948-1958. The image shows (possibly) electrical voltage fields.

P-29507 Rings Voyager 2 flyby of Uranus

This VIS image shows part of the south polar cap. The dark bands are troughs. The multiple layers that comprise the polar cap are visible in the trough at the top of the image. Orbit Number 76301 Latitude -85.7037 Longitude 290.775 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-02-25 21 33

North polar troughs are the typical location to see evidence of strong polar surface winds. This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey shows 'streamers' of clouds created by catabatic winds.

Photograph of the filamentary nebulae in Cygnus (NGC 6960 & 6962). These two nebulae are the remains of an exploding sphere of gas emitted by a supernova lying somewhere between them over 1,000 years ago. The line from the top left is a meteor trail. Dated 20th century

This VIS image shows a layer of clouds over the South polar cap. Orbit Number 75301 Latitude -84.8947 Longitude 243.682 Instrument VIS Captured 2018-12-05 13 05

Opportunity at 'Cook Islands' (Polar)

Picture from the Atomarium at the Technical Museum.Partikelspela depicting an atomic core.

Histone H3 (Ser10)-Mouse: Immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse papilloma skin showing nuclear staining of mitotic cells.

Photomicrograph of the surface of a Brachiopod, 1904 - 1906, by James McDonald.

Although this may look like a hostile alien life form, it's actually a complex line of sand dunes near the northern ice cap of Mars. This image is from NASA's Mars Odyssey, one of an 'All Star' set.

Range 60,000 miles These images are two versions of a near-infrafed map of lower-level clouds on the night side of Venus, obtained by the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer aboard the Galileo spacecraft.The map shows the turbulent, cloudy middle atmosphere some 30-33 miles above the surface, 6-10 miles below the visible cloudtops. The image to the left shows the radiant heat from the lower atmosphere (about 400 degrees F) ahining through the sulfuric acid clouds, which appear as much as 10 times darker than the bright gaps between clouds. This cloud layer is at about 170 degrees F, at a pressure about 1/2 Earth's atmospheric pressure. About 2/3 of the dark hemisphere is visible, centered on longitude 350 West, with bright slsivers of daylit high clouds visible at top and bottom left. The right image, a modified negative, represents what scientists believe would be the visual appearance of this mid-level cloud deck in daylight, with the clouds reflecting sunlight instead of clocking out

Riverview Observatory. June 14, 1939.

Skiopticon image from the Department of Photography at the Royal Institute of Technology. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as lecture material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm 1948-1958.Olika types of printing technicians.

Collection of the Dutch Heidematschappij. Models, Wadi Tharthar Project. April 1958. Baghdad

This Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) global mosaic of Titan's surface brightness in the near-infrared at 938 nm wavelength shows the distribution of Titan's wide variety of landforms, from the vast equatorial sand seas to the high-latitude lakes and seas of liquid hydrocarbons. To generate this mosaic, 9,873 separate ISS images taken over more than 13 years of NASA's Cassini spacecraft operations at Saturn have been combined. Averaging such a large number of images dramatically improves how well surface features can be seen. A new photometric analysis method, with more accurate radiative transfer models of Titan's haze, allows spatial and temporal atmospheric and instrumental variations to be accounted for. This technique makes it possible to generate a mosaic without image seams that provides calibrated normal albedos. The image scale is 16 pixels per degree or 2.8 km in latitude. The new image is an update to the previous version of the ISS imaging map of Titan. The most rece

Sensitometer photograms by Grökil according to Eder and Hecht.

Sweden, Blekinge, Blekinge, Karlskrona, Karlskrona, external marina (depicted, town).Sweden, Blekinge, Blekinge, Karlskrona, Karlskrona, External War Gogs (depicted, City)

View of the south side, vintage engraving. View of the west side, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1846. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10673097

Range 60,000 miles These images are two versions of a near-infrafed map of lower-level clouds on the night side of Venus, obtained by the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer aboard the Galileo spacecraft.The map shows the turbulent, cloudy middle atmosphere some 30-33 miles above the surface, 6-10 miles below the visible cloudtops. The image to the left shows the radiant heat from the lower atmosphere (about 400 degrees F) ahining through the sulfuric acid clouds, which appear as much as 10 times darker than the bright gaps between clouds. This cloud layer is at about 170 degrees F, at a pressure about 1/2 Earth's atmospheric pressure. About 2/3 of the dark hemisphere is visible, centered on longitude 350 West, with bright slsivers of daylit high clouds visible at top and bottom left. The right image, a modified negative, represents what scientists believe would be the visual appearance of this mid-level cloud deck in daylight, with the clouds reflecting sunlight instead of clocking out

Sample ca. 1840 French, Mulhouse. Sample 220015

Ceraunius Fossae. This VIS image shows part of Cerunius Fossae. The linear depressions are fault bounded features called graben. Graben are formed by extension of the crust and faulting. When large amounts of pressure or tension are applied to rocks on timescales that are fast enough that the rock cannot respond by deforming, the rock breaks along faults. In the case of a graben, two parallel faults are formed by extension of the crust and the rock in between the faults drops downward into the space created by the extension. Numerous sets of graben are visible in this THEMIS image, trending from north-northeast to south-southwest. Because the faults defining the graben are formed perpendicular to the direction of the applied stress, we know that extensional forces were pulling the crust apart in the north-northeast/south-southwest direction. Orbit Number 93611 Latitude 29.5294 Longitude 247.628 Instrument VIS Captured 2023-01-21 06 29 https //photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25854

Euro coins, X-ray

Thule circulatory tank.Thule (depicted - name)

Shadowgraph of Finned Hemispherical model in free-flight show shock waves produced by blunt bodies (H. Julian Allen blunt nose theory) (Used in NASA/AMES publication 'Adventures in Research' A history of Ames Research Center 1940 - 1965 by Edwin P. Hartman - SP-4302)

A group of bright spokes tightly cluster together in Saturn's B ring. The spokes seen here generally all exhibit the same degree of shearing, or tilting, but some deviations are apparent

Collection Dutch Heidematschappij. Micro recording / cross section. undated

Meersalz über schwarzes Salz streuen Sifting sea salt over black background. Copyright: xZoonar.com/NatashaxBreenx 22901572

Yard Sub-Surface Survey. Glass Plate Negatives of the Construction and Repair of Buildings, Facilities, and Vessels at the New York Navy Yard.

Skiopticon image from the Department of Photography at the Royal Institute of Technology. Use by Professor Helmer Bäckström as lecture material. Bäckström was Sweden's first professor in photography at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm 1948-1958.sandviks test objects. For more info see: Bäckström, Helmer. Photographic manual. Nature and Culture. Stockholm. 1942. p. 1143.

Today's false color image shows part of the margin of the north polar cap and the surrounding plains. This image was collected during the northern summer season. The THEMIS VIS camera contains 5 filters. The data from different filters can be combined in multiple ways to create a false color image. These false color images may reveal subtle variations of the surface not easily identified in a single band image. Orbit Number 63513 Latitude 80.3816 Longitude 76.331 Instrument VIS Captured 2016-04-08 11 33

Corneal lenses, made of plastic, are almost unbreakable.The U.S. Government in investigating 14 cases of total or partial blindness reported to be associated with the wearing of plastic contact lenses. The inquiry is being made by the Governemt's Food Drug Administration. October 5, 1953.

Range 1.4 to 2 million miles These are enhanced versions of four views of Venus taken by Galileo's Solid State Imaging System. The pictures in the top row were taken about 4 and 5 days after closest approach, and those in the bottom row 6 days after closest approach, 2 hours apart. These show the faint Venusian cloud features vary clearly. A high-pass filter way applied to bring out broader global variations in tone. The bright polar hoods are a well-known feature of Venus. Of particular interest to planetary atmospheric scientists are the complex cloud patterns near the equator, in the vicinity of the bright subsolar point, where convection is most prevalent.

CEV (Crew Escape Vehicle) capsule Balistic Range testing to examine static and dynamic stability characteristics (at the Hypervelocity Free-Flight Facility) HFF - scans of shadowgraphs from 8x10 film images

This stereo view combines a pair of images taken by the microscopic imager on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit during the 1,925th Martian day (sol) of Spirit's mission on Mars (June 2, 2009). 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.

Micrographs of milk, stored in different ways. Each photography includes about 1/1070 cubic etc. Milk. Magnification 640 times.

X -ray of the backbone of Isabel Wachenheimer, Anonymous, 1935 photograph X -ray of the backbone of Isabel Wachenheimer photographic support gelatin silver print Hamburg

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

Meterorite given to WA for cutting by Harvard University , Armories, Ordnance industry, Meteors. Records of U.S. Army Operational

Medium format camera, X-ray

P-34718 Range 210,000 kilometers (128,000 miles) This natural color image of the limb of Triton shows the largest surface features at about 3 miles across. The picture is a composite of images taken through the violet, green and clear filters and shows a geologic boundary between a rough, pitted surface to the right and a smoother surface to the left. The change between surface types is gradual. The image also shows a color boundary between pinkish material in the upper part of the image and whiter material in the lower part. The geologic and color boundaries are not the same. That implies that whatever supplies the color is a very thin coating over a different underlying material in which the geologic boundary occurs. The colored coating may be a seasonal frost composed of compounds volatile enough to be sublimated at the very low temperatures (40 K to 50 K or -387.4 F to -369.4 F) prevailing near Triton's surface. Possible compositions of the frost layer include methane (which turns

Magnetite, oxide.

Dust Accumulation on Mars

Within that narrow window during a solar eclipse where one on Earth can watch the Moon's shadow obscure more than 90% of the Sun, NASA's Terra spacecraft captured these views of the Antarctic surface during the total solar eclipse of November 23, 2003.

Stereo photograph by Romanus Schmehlik depicting a spider's nest at a scale of 10:1, printed on silver gelatin paper in 1912, illustrating the detailed structure and construction of the web.

Photograph documenting three paintings by Johann Victor Krämer: 'Mater Dolorosa' (1897) with a celestial frame, 'Simsonkopf' (1884), and 'Old Negro with Baluer Hood' (1890), showing the artist's works and details.

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