Renaissance and Medieval Artworks

Paintings and frescoes featuring biblical themes and historical narratives, exemplifying styles from the Renaissance to the Middle Ages.

Duke Ludovico and family by Mantegna

"Visitors of the Birth, Florence. (After Masaccio 1401 San Giovanni Valdarno-1428; Rome)"

The Flagellation ca. 1400 Master of the Berswordt Altar German These panels were among thirty scenes of an extensive narrative cycle that formed part of a large altarpiece from the Neustädter Marienkirche in Bielefeld, Westphalia. They were created two decades before panel painting underwent a qualitative revolution in the art of Jan van Eyck, Robert Campin, and Rogier van der Weyden, who achieved a new sense of realism in their works. The artist, one of the foremost painters of the International Gothic style in northwest Germany, still adhered to the traditional gilded background, although the inclusion of a horizon and some schematic natural motifs indicate an outdoor setting for both scenes.. The Flagellation 438466

St. Jerome Penitent, by Antonello di Antonio known as Antonello da Messina, 1460-1469 Century, board, cm 40 x 30

Drei Wunder des Heiligen Zenobius (ca. 1500), Three Miracles of Saint Zenobius, Painting by Sandro Botticelli (1 March 1445, 1510), one of the most important Italian painters and draughtsmen of the early Renaissance, Historic, digitally restored reproduction from an original, Record date not stated

Anonymous German Artist active in Düren (Active in Düren, prior to 1500). Four Scenes from the Passion (ca. 1495 - 1500). Oil on panel. 163.8 x 55.5 cm. Museum: Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid.

St Catherine of Alexandria, detail from the Madonna of the Rose garden, 1420-1435, by Michelino da Besozzo (ca 1370-1455) or Stefano da Verona (ca 1374-1438), tempera on panel, 63x42 cm.

Cranach t.E/Judith at Holofernes' table

The Feast of Herod and the Beheading of the Baptist. Artist: Giovanni Baronzio (Italian, active in Romagna and the Marches, second quarter 14th century). Culture: Italian, Rimini. Dimensions: 17 3/8 x 19 5/8 in. (44.1 x 49.8 cm). Date: ca. 1330-35.One of the most important surviving examples of fourteenth-century painting from Rimini (on Italy's Adriatic coast), this panel was one of eight scenes depicting the life of Saint John the Baptist from a now-dismembered altarpiece. Riminese painters of the first half of the fourteenth century were indebted to Giotto, who worked in the city in the early years of the century. This dramatic scene unfolds in the palace of King Herod (crowned and seated at the table), who is so enchanted by the dancing of his stepdaughter, Salome (dressed in red and white in the foreground), that he grants her any wish. Prompted by her mother, Queen Herodias, Salome requests the head of Saint John the Baptist, which she presents to her on a platter. Queen Herodias

Three Prostitutes in the Street 1925 Otto Dix (1891-1969 German) Tempera on plywood Private Collection

Two Wings of a Triptych with Portraits of Donors with Saints Adrian and John the Baptist, attributed to Pieter Pourbus, 1530 - 1550

Samson and Delilah ca. 1528-30 Lucas Cranach the Elder German In this Old Testament scene, the Israelite judge Samson sleeps in the lap of his Philistine lover Delilah, who shears a lock of hair from his head to drain his superhuman strength. A group of soldiers emerges from the forest, seeking revenge against the disempowered hero, who had murdered a thousand Philistines with the asss jawbone that lies at his feet. The panels small size suggests that it was displayed in a private context. In the courtly setting of Cranach's time, the biblical story had an allegorical meaning, warning men of the pitfalls of love and the supposed wiles of women.. Samson and Delilah. Lucas Cranach the Elder (German, Kronach 1472-1553 Weimar). ca. 1528-30. Oil on beech. Paintings

Apollo and Marsyas. Dated: c. 1540. Dimensions: overall: 55.9 x 117 cm (22 x 46 1/16 in.) framed: 75.6 x 136.2 x 8.6 cm (29 3/4 x 53 5/8 x 3 3/8 in.). Medium: oil on panel. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Michelangelo Anselmi.

Three Angels ca. 1485 Bartolomeo di Giovanni (active ca.1488-1500/Italian) Tempera on wood panel

Cupid and Psyche - Palace Green Murals - The King and other Mourners abandon Psyche to the Monster, 1881. By Sir Edward Burne-Jones and Walter Crane. A scene from William Morris' 'The Earthly Paradise'.

Altarpiece of the Virgin with Saints Agatha, Stephen, Francis and a Martyr Saint. Date/Period: First quarter of 15th century. Painting. Tempera, stucco reliefs and gold leaf on wood. 222.4 × 211 × 7 cm (87.5 × 83 × 2.7 in). Author: LO SPAGNA.

"Watercolor and pencil design by Ferdinand Laufberger depicting a glass window, focusing on composition, form, and decorative elements."

Saint Peter Martyr Healing the Leg of a Young Man ca. 1450 Antonio Vivarini Italian This painting belongs to a series of eight scenes that would have been arranged around an image or statue of Saint Peter Martyr (1205-1252). Here the saint ministers to a youth who had kicked his mother and cut off his leg in remorse. A genial storyteller, Antonio sets the scene in a carpenters shop. Together with his younger brother Bartolomeo, his partner Giovanni dAllemagna (who died in 1450), and his son Alvise, Antonio established a family enterprise in Venice surpassed in prestige only by that of Jacopo Bellini and his sons.. Saint Peter Martyr Healing the Leg of a Young Man 437909

MUR, Ramon de (Ë-1435). Guimera Altarpiece. 1402-1412. Detail of the left panel. Scene of the original Sin. International gothic. Tempera on wood. SPAIN. CATALONIA. BARCELONA. Vic. Vic Episcopal Museum. Proc: SPAIN. CATALONIA. LLEIDA. Guimerö.

'St Dominic'. Italy, Between 1498 and 1505. Dimensions: 44,5x26 cm. Museum: State Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Author: Sandro Botticelli (Alessandro da Mariano di Vanni di Amedeo Filipepi).

'Triptych of the Redemption' (detail: The Marriage), 1459, Oil on panel. Author: ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN (1399-1464) ROGIER DE LA PAS. Location: MUSEO DEL PRADO-PINTURA. MADRID. SPAIN.

The Penitence of Saint Jerome. Artist: Joachim Patinir (Netherlandish, Dinant or Bouvignes, active by 1515-died 1524 Antwerp). Dimensions: Shaped top: central panel, overall, with engaged frame, 46 1/4 x 32 in. (117.5 x 81.3 cm); each wing, overall, with engaged frame, 47 1/2 x 14 in. (120.7 x 35.6 cm). Date: ca. 1512-15.Acknowledging Patinir's leading role in a new genre, Albrecht Dürer referred to the artist in 1521 as the "good landscape painter." This intact altarpiece was probably a German commission, since its exterior wings show Sebald, patron saint of Nuremberg, and Saint Anne with the Virgin and Child. Following Netherlandish tradition, large-scale sacred figures dominate the foreground of the interior: Saint John baptizing Christ, Saint Jerome, and Saint Anthony the Hermit with the monsters that assailed him. The picture's true subject, however, is the magnificent panoramic landscape, which the viewer is encouraged to travel through visually in the manner of a pilgrimage. Mu

The Raising of Lazarus. Inner Left Wing of a Triptych with the Male Donor and St James the Greater. Dating: c. 1530 - c. 1535. Place: Leiden. Measurements: support: h 69.6 cm × w 28.1 cm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Author: ANONYMOUS (REJECTED ATTRIBUTION). Aertgen Claesz van Leyden (attributed to).

The Head of Saint John the Baptist Brought before Herod 1455-1460 Italy. Giovanni di Paolo worked within the conservative artistic tradition of Siena, creating rich patterns and an intensely devotional mood in his paintings. Among his finest narrative works are these six panels, part of a series of twelve depicting the life of Saint John the Baptist, the kinsman and prophet of Christ. Other panels from the series are scattered in European and American collections; they may originally have formed the doors of a shrine housing a relic of the saint. In the first of the Art Instituteís panels, the young Baptist enters the wilderness to live as a hermit; later he foretells Christís role as redeemer, is imprisoned, and is finally martyred at the request of Salome, the step-daughter of King Herod.. Tempera on panel . Giovanni di Paolo

Giovanni Francesco da Rimini (1420-1470). Italian Early Renaissance painter. The Charity of St. Nicholas of Bari. The Story of the Dowries. Louvre Museum. Paris. France.

Alvaro Pirez de Evora (ca.1411-1434). Portuguese painter. Saint Michael the Archangel and Saint John the Baptist. National Museum. Warsaw. Poland.

Midvinterblot (Midwinter Sacrifice) by Larsson, Carl (1853-1919) Nationalmuseum Stockholm 1914-1915 Oil on canvas 640x1350 Sweden Realism Mythology, Allegory and Literature Painting

Santa Francesca Romana Clothed by the Virgin. Artist: Attributed to Antonio del Massaro da Viterbo (Italian, ca. 1450-ca. 1516). Dimensions: 21 3/4 x 14 7/8 in. (55.2 x 37.8 cm). Date: ca. 1445.This panel painting represents a narrative from the Legend of Santa Francesca Romana. Together with another panel in the Robert Lehman Collection and panels in the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, and the Národní Galerie, Prague, it formed part of a more extensive series on the life of Santa Francesca Romana, presumed to have been painted for the Church of Santa Maria Nuova in Rome. The complex of narrative scenes from which these panels come in turn formed the basis, in 1468, for a fresco cycle depicting thirty seven episodes from her life painted by Antoniazzo Romano or his workshop in the Oblate convent of Tor de' Specchi. The frescoes are thought to have been commissioned following the death of Santa Francesca Romana, when a case for her canonization was presented.Santa Francesca Romana, fou

'The Annunciation'. Italy, 1495. Dimensions: 136x107 cm. Museum: State Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Author: GIOVANNI BATTISTA CIMA DA CONEGLIANO.

SAN ELOY EN EL TALLER DE ORFEBRERIA - HACIA 1370 -TABLA/DORADO/TEMPERA - 35x39 cm - NP 2842 - GOTICO ITALIANO. Author: MAESTRO DE LA MADONNA DELLA. Location: MUSEO DEL PRADO-PINTURA. MADRID. SPAIN.

Samson and Delilah, Lucas Cranach the Elder, circa 1528-1530, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan, New York City, USA, North America

The Annunciation. Dated: c. 1445/1450. Dimensions: overall: 87.6 x 62.8 cm (34 1/2 x 24 3/4 in.) framed: 120 x 92.4 x 8.3 cm (47 1/4 x 36 3/8 x 3 1/4 in.). Medium: tempera on panel. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: FRA CARNEVALE.

Dantesque Album (Album Dantesco), by Alberto Giacomo Spiridione Martini known as Alberto Martini, 1920-1930, 20th Century, gouache, 25 x 17,6 cm

The Annunciation, Detail 3 1438-1445 Fra Angelico (ca.1395-1455 Italian) Fresco Museo di San Marco, Florence, Italy

Predella Panel from an Altarpiece: St. Catherine of Siena Invested with the Dominican Habit, 1460s. Giovanni di Paolo (Italian, c. 1403-1482). Tempera and gold on wood panel; framed: 35.6 x 29.5 x 4.5 cm (14 x 11 5/8 x 1 3/4 in.); unframed: 28.9 x 23 cm (11 3/8 x 9 1/16 in.).

DOMENICO DI BARTOLO (1400-1447). ITALY. Siena. Ospedale di Santa Maria della Scala (Santa Maria della Scala Hospital). Pilgrim Hall. Renaissance art. Quattrocento. Fresco.

Saint Julien cathedral, Le Mans, France. 16th century relief in the sacristy

Master of Ororbia. Anonymous author active in Navarre. 16th century. Altarpiece of Church of St. Julian of Ororbia. 1520. Detail: St. Julian visiting the works of the hospital.

Tobias and the Angel - Workshop of Andrea Del Verrocchio, circa 1475

Altarpiece of the Virgin. 1367-8, by Jaume Serra. Monastery of St. Maria de Sigena, Spain. National Art Museum of Catalonia. Barcelona, Spain.

Detail from the Birth of Mary, fresco by Giovanni da Milano (active from 1346 to 1369). Rinuccini Chapel, Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence. Italy, 14th century.

The Archangel Raphael with Tobias, St Lawrence and the Donor, Leonardo di Lorenzo Morelli by Andrea del Sarto (1486-1531) / Art History Museum, Vienne / 1512 / Italy, Florentine School / Oil on wood / Bible / 178x153

Religious illustration with Mary Magdalene by Carlo Crivelli, oil on wood, 1490, circa 1435-circa 1495, Holland, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, 152x49

Tristan e Isolda jugando al ajedrez espiados por el rey Marco, Cadira d¨Alfabia, siglo XV, la cadira del rei moro -, Alfabia, Bunyola, Mallorca, balearic islands, Spain, Europe

The Ottheinrich Bible was commissioned in c.1425 by the Royal Court of Bavaria. The unusually large manuscript was not completed until the following century when the German painter and engraver, Matthias Gerung, was offered 60 Rhenish guilders and winter clothes to illustrate the text. The Bible carries the name of the benefactor who supported its completion. Ottheinrich (1502-1559) was the Prince of Neuburg, Elector Palatine, soldier, pilgrim, reformer and art patron.

The Death ofActaeon. Artist: Jacopo del Sellaio, Italian, Florence, ca. 1441-1498

Painting on outside wall, Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca, Calle Macedonio Alcala, Oaxaca, Oaxaca State, Mexico

Francesco da Ponte Bassano (1549-1592). Italian painter. The Spoliation of Christ. Oil on canvas. Museo Civico Ala Ponzone. Cremona. Lombardía. Italia.

Single initial D cut from a 16-century antiphonal : in Latin ,. Medieval and Early Renaissance Manuscripts (Collection of Distinction)

Job and his counselors, miniature from the Book of Hours Use of Poitiers, Latin and French manuscript, attributed to Evrard d'Espinques, manuscript 1096 folio 114 verso, France end of 15th Century.

Creation and Adam and Eve, Altarpiece by Pere Mates, 16th century, painting on wood, parish church of Seguero, La Garrotxa, Girona art museum, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

Legend of Saint Ursula, by Master of Legend of Saint Ursula, circa 1482, Groeningemuseum, Bruges, West Flanders, Belgium, Europe

Hunting scene, ca 1548, by Marcello Fogolino (born between 1483-1488, died 1548), fresco, Palazzo Lantieri, Gorizia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Italy, 16th century.

Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre C_cil (1824-1898) National Gallery, London Painting 40,6x31,4 Mythology, Allegory and Literature Death and the Maiden

Annunciation, Legend of the True Cross, Fresco Cycle, Piero della Francesca, Bacci Chapel, Cappella Bacci, Cappella Maggiore, 1452-1466, Basilica of St Francis, Basilica di San Francesco, Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy, Europe

Artist: Miguel Ximénez, Spanish, active 1466-1505, The Martyrdom of SaintCatherine, ca.1490, Tempera on panel, framed: 94.3 × 68.58 × 7.94 cm (37 1/8 × 27 × 3 1/8in.), Spanish,Catalonia, 15thcentury, Paintings

Leyden, Lucas van, Netherlands, The Adoration of the Magi, verso lower right - stamped, Unicum. Print preserved in six fragments that have been joined together, pasted on one sheet. Three pieces of other prints () used as filler., print, prints, height 253 mm, width 230 mm, Noord-Nederlands, 1494-06 - 1533-08, print maker, printmaker, 1513 - 1517, first quarter 16th century, paper, woodcut, hand-colouring, pen, Work conception, North Netherlands

Jacopo Carrucci, called Pontormo (1494-1556). Italian painter. Scene of sacrifice, ca. 1545. Farnese Collection. National Museum of Capodimonte. Naples. Italy.

Vrancke van der Stockt / 'Redemption Triptych: Adam and Eve Expulsed from Paradise', 1455-1460, Flemish School, Oil on panel, 195 cm x 77 cm, P01889. Museum: MUSEO DEL PRADO, MADRID, SPAIN.

Announcement of spring. Two young women make wreaths, other women sing with the lyre. Miniature, 16th century. Conde Museum. Chantilly. France.

Annunciation with St Ansano and St Massima, 1333, by Simone Martini (1283-1344) and Lippo Memmi (active from 1317 to 1356), painted polyptych stamped in gold leaf, tempera on wood, carved and gilded wood, 265x305 cm.

Two Wings of a Triptych with the Donor, Thomas Isaacq, accompanied by Saint Thomas, left, outer wing, and the Donor's Wife accompanied by Saint Margaret, right, outer wing, Master of the Magdalen Legend, c. 1505 - c. 1510

Crossing the Jordan River with the Ark, painted board, detail from the cabinets of the Old Sacristy, Church of St Mary the Gracious (UNESCO World Heritage List,1980), Milan. Italy, 15th century.

fine arts, tapestry, ""Le depart pour la chasse"" (Departure for the hunting), from the series ""La vie seigneuriale"" (The stately life), Paris, France, late 15th century, Musee de Cluny, Paris,

Bernardino Luini, Cephalus Punished at the Hunt, c 1520 1522 Cephalus Punished at the Hunt

Love leading the Pilgrim, Tapestry, 1909. Designed by Sir Edward Burne-Jones.. Made by Morris & Co.. From the workshop of William Morris.

The Maesta, front, by Duccio di Buoninsegna, 1308 - 1311, 14th Century, tempera on panel. Italy: Tuscany: Siena: Cathedral. Verso, lower fascia, first panel. Entry into Jerusalem, detail. Two men, climbed trees, plucking branches. The city rising in the gold background

Trittico Portinari / The Portinari Triptych. Date/Period: From 1477 until 1478. Painting. Oil on panel. Height: 253 cm (99.6 in); Width: 586 cm (19.2 ft). Author: HUGO VAN DER GOES.

Virgin Mary holding Infant Christ by Andrea Mantegna, Tempera on panel, circa 1465, 1431-1506, Germany, Berlin, Staatliche Museen, 86x69

Detail of painting by Thomas Pot dating from 1563 of the Entombment, Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud, Maine_et_Loire, France, Europe

Adoration of the Magi; Andrea Mantegna, Italian (Paduan), about 1431 - 1506; about 1495 - 1505; Distemper on linen; Unframed: 48.6 x 65.6 cm (19 1/8 x 25 13/16 in.), Framed: 71.8 x 86.8 x 3.5 cm (28 1/4 x 34 3/16 x 1 3/8 in.), Stretcher: 54.6 x 69.2 cm (21 1/2 x 27 3/8 in.)

'Haywan', ca, 1516, Oil on panel, 147 x 212 cm, P02052. Author: JHERONIMUS VAN AKEN-EL BOSCO-J. BOSCH. Location: MONASTERIO-PINTURA. SAN LORENZO DEL ESCORIAL. MADRID. SPAIN.

Matteo Giovannetti / 'Hunting Birds'. Museum: PALAIS DES PAPES, AVIÑON, FRANCE. Author: Matteo Giovanetti.

Temptation Of St. Anthony C.1490's Hieronymus Bosch (ca.1450-1516 Netherlandish) Tempera/wood on Panel National Museum Antiga, Lisbon, Portugal

Nativity / Paint.by Baldung / 1520

The Reign of Comus, c. 1507-1511. By Lorenzo Costa The Elder (1460-1535). Louvre Museum. Paris. France. Author: LORENZO MONACO.

The fight: St George killing the dragon VI by Burne-Jones, Sir Edward Coley (1833-1898) / Art Gallery of New South Wales / 1866 / Great Britain / Oil on canvas / Bible / 166x175,6 / Pre-Raphaelite paintings

Portinari Triptych, 1480-1483, by Hugo van der Goes (1440-1482), oil on panel.

Ghirlandaio, Domenico (1449_1494) National Gallery, London Painting 14x39,4 Bible,Mythology, Allegory and Literature Legend of Saints Justus and Clement of Volterra

Dinner at Emmaus, 1525, by Jacopo Carucci, known as The Pontormo (1494-1557), oil on canvas, 230x173 cm.

Artist, possibly by: Francesco Botticini, Italian, Florence, 1446-1497, Penance of Saint Jerome and Saint Francis Receiving theStigmata, ca.1485, Tempera on panel, 39.5 × 29.8 cm (15 9/16 × 11 3/4in.), Made in Florence, Italy, Italian,Florence, 15thcentury, Paintings

'Chance', c1901. Artist: Eleanor Fortescue-Brickdale.

Joos van Cleve (ca.1480/1490-1540/1541). Flemish painter. Triptych of the Crucifixion, 1512-1515. In the central part, Crucifixion and in the wings, donors with their sons and saints. Bourbon Collection. National Museum of Capodimonte. Naples. Italy.

Martyrdom of Saint Hippolytus, Artist Unknown, 15th Century, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Mass, USA, North America

Garden Of Earthly Delights - Detail #1 C.1505 Hieronymus Bosch (ca.1450-1516 Netherlandish) Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain

Painting by Georg Sturm With the Presentation Claudius Civilis preaches the uprising against the Romans, on the southern wall in the front hall. .

Bilibin, Ivan Yakovlevich (1876-1942) State Museum of Theatre and Music Art, St. Petersburg 1930 Watercolour, Gouache on Paper

Cosmè Tura (Ferrara, ca. 1430 -1495). Saint John the Evangelist in Patmos (ca. 1470 - 1475). Tempera on panel. 27 x 32 cm. Museum: Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid.

fine arts, Stauder, Franz Anton, (1694 - 1756), painting, altarpiece, prelature, Salem castle,

Central panel of the triptych of the Burning Bush, 1476, by Nicolas Froment (died 1486), tempera on panel, 410x305 cm, Cathedral of Aix-en-Provence, France.

The Vision of a Knight, by Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483-1520). Tempera painting on poplar, finished in 1504-1505. Raphael was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. The Vision of a Knight, also called The Dream of Scipio or Allegory may represent the Roman general Scipio Africanus (236-184 BC) who dreamed that he had to choose between Virtue (behind whom is a steep and rocky path) and Pleasure (in looser robes).

Detail from the Adoration of the Magi (Triptych attributed to Hieronymus Bosch or his studio circa 1450-1516. Part of the art collection at Upton House in the English county of Warwickshire.

Triptych 1436 Jacobello del Fiore (1370-1439/Italian) Oil On Wood Panel Palazzo Comunale, Chioggia, Venice, Italy

Farnese Hours. Date/Period: Ca. 1537-1546. Illumination on parchment. Width: 4.38 in. Height: 6.75 in. Author: GIULIO CLOVIO.

Potenza Picena (Italia, Marche - provincia di Macerata), Auditorium Ferdinando Scarfiotti (ex chiesa di Sant'Agostino). Bernardino di Mariotto, Madonna con Bambino in trono, San Francesco d'Assisi, Sant'Antonio da Padova, San Giovannino e angeli musicanti, 1506, olio su tavola. Proveniente dalla chiesa dei Frati Minori

Interior of a Farmhouse, by Jan Brueghel the Elder, Velvet Bruegel (1568-1625). Detail.

Detail of a fresco depicting a silenus with satyrs, Second Pompeian Style, from the Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii (UNESCO World Heritage List, 1997), Campania. Roman Civilization, 1st Century.

Alexander VI (Alessandro VI) , pope from 1492 to 1503. Vatican Palace. Author: BERNARDINO DI BETTO BIAGIO 1454-1513 PINTURICCHIO. Location: MUSEOS VATICANOS-APARTAMENTOS BORGIA. VATICANO. ALEXANDER VI POPE. Pope Alexander VI Borgia. BORGIA RODRIGO PAPA ALEJANDRO VI.

Lady, courtly scene, fresco, Bath Hall, Castel Roncolo, Renon, near Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy, 14th century.

The Love Song, Sir Edward Burne-Jones, 1868-1877, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan, New York City, USA, North America

Colantonio, Italian painter active in Naples 1440-1470. Early Renaissance. Live of Saint of Vincent Ferrer. Polyptych, 1456-65. Museo di Capodimonte. Naples, Italy.

of 3